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Casarett and Doull's toxicology : the basic science of poisons
\"The gold-standard text on the science of poisons updated to capture the latest breakthroughs and developments Casarett & Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Sciences of Poisons is the most trusted all-in-one overview of the biomedical and environmental aspects of toxicology. Presented in full color, it delivers a skill-building review of the basic components of toxicology, including general principles, modes of action, and chemical-specific toxicity. Spanning the entire field, Casarett & Doull's is considered to be the ultimate authority in toxicology. The Ninth Edition has been extensively updated by each chapter author and is enhanced by the addition of all-new chapters on timely topics such as computational toxicology and auditory toxicology. The extensive use of tables, illustrations, and other visuals make the information easy to understand and remember. \" --Provided by publisher.
Book
Commentary
Because the American Association of Poison Control Centers database depends on voluntary reporting, the current numbers certainly underestimate the magnitude of the epidemic as emergency physicians become more famil- iar with bath salt exposures.
Journal Article
Oral Supplementation with Bovine Colostrum Decreases Intestinal Permeability and Stool Concentrations of Zonulin in Athletes
Increased intestinal permeability has been implicated in various pathologies, has various causes, and can develop during vigorous athletic training. Colostrum bovinum is a natural supplement with a wide range of supposed positive health effects, including reduction of intestine permeability. We assessed influence of colostrum supplementation on intestinal permeability related parameters in a group of 16 athletes during peak training for competition. This double-blind placebo-controlled study compared supplementation for 20 days with 500 mg of colostrum bovinum or placebo (whey). Gut permeability status was assayed by differential absorption of lactulose and mannitol (L/M test) and stool zonulin concentration. Baseline L/M tests found that six of the participants (75%) in the colostrum group had increased intestinal permeability. After supplementation, the test values were within the normal range and were significantly lower than at baseline. The colostrum group Δ values produced by comparing the post-intervention and baseline results were also significantly lower than the placebo group Δ values. The differences in stool zonulin concentration were smaller than those in the L/M test, but were significant when the Δ values due to intervention were compared between the colostrum group and the placebo group. Colostrum bovinum supplementation was safe and effective in decreasing of intestinal permeability in this series of athletes at increased risk of its elevation.
Journal Article
Hazardous chemicals : agents of risk and change, 1800-2000
Although poisonous substances have been a hazard for the whole of human history, it is only with the rise of industrial chemistry over the last two centuries that toxic, manmade pollutants have become such a varied and widespread danger. Covering a host of both notorious and little-known substances, the chapters in this collection investigate the emergence of specific toxic, pathogenic, carcinogenic, and ecologically harmful chemicals as well as the scientific, cultural and legislative responses they have prompted. Each study situates chemical hazards in a long-term and transnational framework and demonstrates the importance of considering both the natural and the social contexts in which their histories have unfolded.
Book
The great hibernation
In the tiny northern town of St. Polonius, everyone over the age of twelve falls asleep after the traditional tasting of the Sacred Bear Liver at the Founders' Day Festival, leaving the children in charge, including Jean who tries to solve the mystery.
Book
In brief
The exhibition also reveals how other Edinburgh medical men informed the Holmes novels, including Sir Robert Christison, who taught materia medicine and was an expert in studying poisons; and Sir Henry Littlejohn, who taught medical jurisprudence and was an expert witness for many notorious Scottish murder cases.
Journal Article
Healing with poisons : potent medicines in medieval China
\"Open access edition: DOI 10.6069/9780295749013 At first glance, medicine and poison might seem to be opposites. But in China's formative era of pharmacy (200-800 CE), poisons were strategically employed as healing agents to cure everything from abdominal pain to epidemic disease. Healing with Poisons explores the ways physicians, religious figures, court officials, and laypersons used toxic substances to both relieve acute illnesses and enhance life. It illustrates how the Chinese concept of du-a word carrying a core meaning of \"potency\"-led practitioners to devise a variety of methods to transform dangerous poisons into effective medicines. Recounting scandals and controversies involving poisons from the Era of Division to the Tang, historian Yan Liu considers how the concept of du was central to how the people of medieval China perceived both their bodies and the body politic. He also examines the wide range of toxic minerals, plants, and animal products used in classical Chinese pharmacy, including everything from the herb aconite to the popular recreational drug Five-Stone Powder. By recovering alternative modes of understanding wellness and the body's interaction with foreign substances, this study cautions against arbitrary classifications and exemplifies the importance of paying attention to the technical, political, and cultural conditions in which substances become truly meaningful. Healing with Poisons is freely available in an open access edition thanks to TOME (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem) and the generous support of the University of Buffalo\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Methanol intoxication “Eau de vie” in Morocco from 2013 to 2020
IntroductionMethanol intoxication is a public health problem in developing countries and can be ingested accidentally or with suicidal intent, leading to intoxication in isolated or collective forms. Methanol is used as a substitute for ethyl alcohol in several adulterated alcoholic beverages such as “eau de vie”, which is a drink distilled from dried fruits, such as dates, grapes and figs. Inside the body, it is metabolised into formic acid which, if left untreated, affects brain tissue, leads to blindness and can also cause death.ObjectivesThe objective of this retrospective study of a series of cases was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of methanol “eau de vie” poisoning cases collected by the Anti-Poison and Pharmacovigilance Centre of Morocco between 2013 and 2020 and to explain these results.MethodsThis is a descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study over a period of 7 years from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2020, which concerned 16 cases of intoxication by methanol “eau de vie” reported to the Anti-Poison and Pharmacovigilance Centre of Morocco, the study population concerned the entire Moroccan population throughout the territory of Morocco. The analysis concerned the frequency, the distribution in time, the distribution in space, the characteristics of the intoxicated, the type and circumstances of the intoxication and its evolution.ResultsThe CAPM recorded, during the study period, 16 cases of intoxication by methanol “Eau de vie” in Morocco. These cases were reported by telephone in 93.75% of the cases and collected by studies on hospital registers in 6.25% of the cases. Men were more affected than women. The most affected age group was adults, accounting for 50%. Adolescents accounted for 37% of cases and children for 13%. Drug addiction was the most frequent circumstance, followed by accidental intoxication and voluntary intoxication. The most frequently encountered signs were gastrointestinal signs followed by central and peripheral nervous system signs and heart rate and rhythm disorders. The outcome was favourable in 62% of cases, 6% with blindness after-effects and death occurred in 19% of cases.ConclusionsMethanol poisoning can result from the consumption of illegal products containing methanol such as brandy, hence the importance of raising public awareness of this danger. It is also necessary to make health professionals aware of the clinical signs of methanol poisoning and what to do in the event of intoxication.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Journal Article