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“Sniffing” out SARS-CoV-2 in Arizona working dogs: an exploratory serosurvey
Susceptibility to and infection with SARS-CoV-2 in companion animals has been well-documented throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Surveillance for the virus in dogs has largely been focused on household pets; however, other canine populations may also be impacted. We partnered with a local veterinary hospital with a high working dog patient volume to conduct viral and neutralizing antibody testing in working dogs and identify potential risk factors in the dog’s work and home environments. Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in law enforcement and security working dogs in Arizona found 24.81% (32/129) of dogs to be seropositive. Thirteen dogs presenting with clinical signs or with reported exposure to COVID-19 in the 30 days prior to sample collection were also tested by PCR; all samples were negative. 90.7% ( n = 117) of dogs were reported to be asymptomatic or have no change in performance at the time of sampling. Two dogs (1.6%) had suspected anosmia as reported by their handlers; one of which was seropositive. Known exposure to the dog’s COVID-19 positive handler or household member was identified as a significant risk factor. Demographics factors including sex, altered status, and type of work were not associated with canine seropositivity. Further work is warranted to understand the impact of SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious diseases in working dogs.
Journal Article
Tiger the police dog
\"Story about a rescue dog, with photos, for children.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Why are we adopting so many dogs from abroad?
Josh Loeb reports on research from the University of Liverpool on the issues around rescuing dogs from overseas.Josh Loeb reports on research from the University of Liverpool on the issues around rescuing dogs from overseas.
Journal Article
Canine human-scent-matching: The limitations of systematic pseudo matching-to-sample procedures
Here transfer performance is contrasted with baseline training performance to determine whether a relational solution strategy is learned from the systematic pseudo matching-to-sample procedures commonly used to train human-scent-matching dogs. Evidence indicates that due to the lack of constraints to control against simple discrimination solutions, dogs trained with systematic pseudo matching-to-sample arrangements do not learn to use the scent sample as a signaling cue and do not learn about the matching relationship between the scent sample and matching comparison. Moreover, during pseudo matching-to-sample training, dogs may learn to ignore both the scent sample and the discriminative dimension of human scent, such as genetic information. Thus, during subsequent random control matching-to-sample (MTS) conditional discrimination training, learning about the matching relationship between the individual-unique information on the scent sample and matching comparison can be retarded. Failure to identify the solution strategy that human-scent-matching dogs must learn in order to perform accurately and reliably during operations and to distinguish between simple discrimination, random control MTS conditional discrimination, and systematic pseudo matching-to-sample has been a major drawback to the advancement of scent-matching dogs and is a contributing factor to the continued controversy surrounding their use and reliability.
Journal Article
K-9 police dogs
\"Describes what K9 police dogs do, where they work, how they are trained, and which dog breeds are the best at working as police dogs. Includes stories about dogs that work for real police forces around the world\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Reliability of a New Bite Force Measure and Biomechanics of Modified Long Attack in Police Dogs
Information on the biomechanics of police dogs’ tasks is important in understanding their work-related injuries and dysfunctions. This study aimed to develop and test a measurement tool for dogs’ functional bite force and to report modified long attack-related kinetic and kinematic values. Twenty Finnish male police dogs, 7 German Shepherd Dogs (GSDs) and 13 Belgian Shepherd Dogs, Malinois (BSDMs), were included. Dogs accelerated 25 m and bit the helper’s sleeve, fitted with three force sensors. Dogs were wearing a 3D accelerometer and were videotaped with a high-speed camera. The sleeve’s reliability for measuring the dog’s bite force was evaluated via intraclass correlation and Cronbach’s alpha. Otherwise, a Mann–Whitney U-test was used, with significance set at p = 0.05. The sleeve’s test-retest reliability was moderate to good (intraclass correlation of 0.75), and internal consistency was high (Cronbach’s alpha 0.75). The GSDs’ median bite force was 360.4 N (interquartile range (IQR) 628.6 N) and BSDMs’ 247.0 N (IQR 289.8 N). Median acceleration maximum was 7.1 gravitational force equivalent (g) and median deceleration maximum was 11.6 g, with highest recorded forces being 9.2 g and 13.1 g, respectively. The measurement sleeve was a reliable tool for measuring functional bite force in GSDs and BSDMs. Forces related to bite, approach and impact in the two breeds were reported.
Journal Article
Police dogs
Did you know that people have used dogs to fight crime for a long time? The first trained police dogs were used in England in 1888. Learn more about the work these dogs do in Police Dogs, a title in the Dogs with Jobs series. Each title in this series profiles a specific type of working dog, showcasing the role it performs and the training required to get the job done.
Book
A survey on the orthopedic and functional assessment in a Portuguese population of police working dogs
Background
Working dogs are at an increased risk of developing an orthopedic disease compared to companion dogs. This study aimed to evaluate functional and orthopedic index fitness in a Portuguese population of police working dogs.
In an observational, prospective study, information on 165 dogs was collected. The age, sex, breed, specific work, and history of previous diagnosis of orthopedic disease were recorded for each patient. A copy of the Canine Orthopedic Index (COI), Hudson Visual Analogue Scale (HVAS), and Functional Assessment (FA) was collected for all dogs. COI, HVAS, and FA scores between breeds, work, age, sex, and history of a previous diagnosis of orthopedic disease were compared. Multiple regression was run to predict COI, HVAS, and FA scores from breeds, work, age, sex, and history of orthopedic disease. Correlations between items were determined with Pearson's correlation. A
p
< 0.05 was set.
Results
The sample was composed of 92 males and 73 females, with a mean age of 5.2 ± 3.2 years. Four main dog breeds were represented, 60 Belgian Malinois Shepherd Dogs, 52 German Shepherd Dogs, 29 Labrador Retrievers, and 14 Dutch Shepherd Dog. A prevalence of diarrhea of 10.6% was determined, with 4% of dogs having liquid diarrhea. German Shepherd Dogs had significantly higher FA scores (
p
= 0.03). Dogs with a history of previous veterinary assistance due to orthopedic issues had significantly lower HVAS scores and higher scores with all remaining questionnaires (
p
< 0.01 for all). No differences were found between sexes or specific work. Age and a history of orthopedic disease contributed to the prediction of all scores. FA scores had a good correlation with COI and HVAS.
Conclusion
This population of police working dogs has a good to excellent level of physical fitness. There was a relationship between increasing age, history of orthopedic disease, and worse scores with all questionnaires. All considered questionnaires could differentiate between animals with a previous history of orthopedic disease and sound dogs.
Journal Article