Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
42
result(s) for
"Polynesians Origin."
Sort by:
Possessing Polynesians : the science of settler colonial whiteness in Hawai'i and Oceania
\"From their earliest encounters with indigenous Pacific Islanders, white Europeans and Americans asserted an identification with the racial origins of Polynesians, declaring them to be, racially, almost white and speculating that they were of Mediterranean or Aryan descent. In Possessing Polynesians Maile Arvin analyzes this racializing history within the context of settler colonialism across Polynesia, especially in Hawai'i. Arvin argues that a logic of possession through whiteness animates settler colonialism, through which both Polynesia (the place) and Polynesians (the people) become exotic, feminized belongings of whiteness. Seeing whiteness as indigenous to Polynesia provided white settlers with the justification needed to claim Polynesian lands and resources. Understood as possessions, Polynesians were and continue to be denied the privileges of whiteness. Yet, Polynesians have long contested these classifications, claims, and cultural representations, and Arvin shows how their resistance to and refusal of white settler logic have regenerated Indigenous forms of recognition.\" -- Provided by publisher.
Book
Early Lapita skeletons from Vanuatu show Polynesian craniofacial shape
With a cultural and linguistic origin in Island Southeast Asia the Lapita expansion is thought to have led ultimately to the Polynesian settlement of the east Polynesian region after a time of mixing/integration in north Melanesia and a nearly 2,000-y pause in West Polynesia. One of the major achievements of recent Lapita research in Vanuatu has been the discovery of the oldest cemetery found so far in the Pacific at Teouma on the south coast of Efate Island, opening up new prospects for the biological definition of the early settlers of the archipelago and of Remote Oceania in general. Using craniometric evidence from the skeletons in conjunction with archaeological data, we discuss here four debated issues: the Lapita–Asian connection, the degree of admixture, the Lapita–Polynesian connection, and the question of secondary population movement into Remote Oceania.
Journal Article
THE NORTHERN OUTLIERS-EAST POLYNESIAN HYPOTHESIS EXPANDED
The linguistics-based Northern Outliers-East Polynesian (NO-EPn) Hypothesis contrasts with the commonly held view that East Polynesia was settled from the Tonga-Sāmoa region. It proposes the Northern Outliers, especially the Central Northern Outliers, to be the homeland from which East Polynesia was settled. Added here to the three nested subgroups of the NO-EPn linguistic tree is a new Southeast Solomons Outlier-East Polynesian subgroup encompassing all previous languages covered by the Hypothesis as well as certain other Outliers to the south. Recent evidence from ethnology, natural history and biological anthropology is provided in further support of the NO-EPn Hypothesis. The possibility of borrowing between East Polynesian and Northern Outlier languages explaining the over 200 linguistic innovations uniquely shared by them is shown to be untenable. Also shown to be untenable is the possibility of simultaneous bifurcated settlement of East Polynesia and the Outliers from a source in the Tonga-Sāmoa area.
Journal Article
ROBERT CARL SUGGS AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF PACIFIC ARCHAEOLOGY
The 1950s were a pivotal era in Polynesian archaeology, with the beginnings of stratigraphic excavations and application of radiocarbon dating. Robert Carl Suggs played a key role with his seminal work on Nuku Hiva in the Marquesas Islands. Suggs’s use of artefact seriation, and his focus on architecture along with portable artefacts, were key methodological contributions. Unlike other contemporaries, Suggs brought a holistic anthropological perspective to his interpretations of culture change. Even though the chronology he proposed for Marquesan prehistory has been revised, his sequence of cultural periods remains relevant to current discussions of the Polynesian past.
Journal Article
Maori origins, Y-chromosome haplotypes and implications for human history in the Pacific
An assessment of 28 pertinent binary genetic markers on the non‐recombining portion of the Y chromosome (NRY) in New Zealand Maori and other relevant populations has revealed a diverse genetic paternal heritage of extant Maori. A maximum parsimony phylogeny was constructed in which nine of the 25 possible binary haplotypes were observed. Although ∼40% of the samples have haplotypes of unequivocal European origin, an equivalent number of samples have a single binary haplotype that is also observed in Indonesia and New Guinea, indicative of common indigenous Melanesian ancestry. The balance of the lineages has either typical East Asian signatures or alternative compositions consistent with their affinity to Melanesia or New Guinea. Molecular analysis of mtDNA variation confirms the presence of a single predominant characteristic Southeast Asian (9‐bp deletion in the Region V) lineage. The Y‐chromosome results support a pattern of complex interrelationships between Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and Polynesia, in contrast to mtDNA and linguistic data, which uphold a rapid and homogeneous Austronesian expansion. The Y‐chromosome data highlight a distinctive gender‐modulated pattern of differential gene flow in the history of Polynesia. Hum Mutat 17:271–280, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Journal Article
Chapter 24 - A Biodistance Analysis of Mandibles From Taiwan, Asia, and the Pacific: A Search for Polynesian Origins
Two multivariate statistical procedures, stepwise discriminant function analysis and Mahalanobis' distance, are applied to nine mandibular measurements recorded in Neolithic (Nankuanli East site) and Iron Age (Shihsanhang) Taiwanese and comparative series from East and Southeast Asia and the Pacific for assessing the population history of Taiwan and the origin of Polynesians. Taiwan's role as the homeland of a Neolithic expansion of Austronesian-speaking agriculturalists, an expansion that would eventually extend from Madagascar in the west to Polynesia in the east, is examined. The results of this biological distance study indicate that Neolithic and Iron Age inhabitants of Taiwan are more closely related to cranial series from Northern Asia than they are to each other. While Iron Age Shihsanhang reveals connections with some of the Pacific Island series, the earliest Neolithic inhabitants of Taiwan are unrelated to the inhabitants of Remote Oceania. Larger and additional samples, including Taiwan's modern Indigenous groups, will enhance future research.
Book Chapter
'Feeling at home in Vanuatu' : integration of newcomers from the East during the last millennium
Examines the hypothesis that Polynesian biological affinities observed in ancient individuals from Vanuatu are gendered or sex-specific, and that some of the Polynesian migrations during the last millennium may have involved practices of exogamy (such as inter-regional marriages). Analyses the phenotype, described with morphometric techniques, of 13 individuals uncovered in archaeological sites related to the second millennium CE from two Polynesian-influenced regions of Vanuatu : CRMD (Eretok, Efate, Cental Vanuatu) and Futuna Island (South Vanuatu), compared to 232 individuals from regional reference series. Discusses the results, taking into account their funerary context and their sex affiliation to assess whether Polynesian morphological orientations are sex-specific. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Journal Article
Estimated energetic demands of thermoregulation during ancient canoe passages from Tahiti to Hawaii and New Zealand, a simulation analysis
Investigates the extent to which sailing out of the tropics on the ancient long-distance colonising voyages of East Polynesia imposed physiological stress on canoe crews and passengers. Uses trajectories of simulated voyages from Tahiti to New Zealand and Tahiti to Hawaii to obtain along-trip environmental parameters which are then used to model the energy expenditure of these long overseas journeys. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Journal Article
Robert Carl Sand the transformation of pacific archaeology: A retrospective view
The 1950s were a pivotal era in Polynesian archaeology, with the beginnings of stratigraphic excavations and application of radiocarbon dating. Robert Carl Suggs played a key role with his seminal work on Nuku Hiva in the Marquesas Islands. Suggs's use of artefact seriation, and his focus on architecture along with portable artefacts, were key methodological contributions. Unlike other contemporaries, Suggs brought a holistic anthropological perspective to his interpretations of culture change. Even though the chronology he proposed for Marquesan prehistory has been revised, his sequence of cultural periods remains relevant to current discussions of the Polynesian past.
Journal Article