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Tuberculosis is a widespread disease whose treatment in the West Pomeranian region dates back to the end of the 19th century. After World War II, the main place responsible for tuberculosis management was the National Tuberculosis Sanatorium, known today as Specialist Hospital in Szczecin – Zdunowo. Initially, treatment involved a high-calorie diet, the use of copper or gold salts, tuberculin injections, light therapy, and appropriate environmental conditions. However, positive results had rarely been achieved before the introduction of antibiotics in tuberculosis treatment in the mid-20th century. Interestingly, the prevalence of tuberculosis in West Pomerania in Poland has been significantly lower compared with national figures.

Permo-Carboniferous rhyolitic rocks are widespread in the NE German Basin and NW Polish Basin. Hafnium (Hf) and oxygen (O) isotopes analysed in zircon from these rocks suggest diverse sources and processes involved in the formation of rhyolitic magmas. In this study, detailed core-to-rim trace element compositions were analyzed in zircon from four localities that were previously analyzed for Hf and O isotopes. The trace element analyses, in particular Hf concentrations as well as Eu/Eu*, Ce/U, Yb/Gd, and Th/U ratios, are consistent with prolonged magma evolution in three localities from the NE German Basin (Fehmarn, Slazwedel and Penkun). The fourth locality within the NW Polish Basin (Wysoka Kamieńska) is consistent with a shorter period of magma evolution. Similar stages were distinguished in zircon from the three NE German Basin localities that include: early crystallization followed by rejuvenation with more primitive magma (stage A), subsequent fractional crystallization (stage B) and finally late crystallization in a saturated system or alternatively late rejuvenation with a more primitive magma (stage C). Interestingly magmatic rims on inherited zircon grains have compositions typical for late stage B and stage C, which is consistent with their late addition to evolving rhyolitic magma, most probably during assimilation and not during source melting. The zircon from the fourth, NW Polish Basin locality shows limited compositional variability consistent with the eruption of hot magma not long after the zircon started crystallizing. Thus trace element analyses in zircon provide a record of magmatic processes complementary to that of Hf and O isotope analysis, in that, a detailed analyses of core-to-rim compositional variations are particularly useful in distinguishing respective stages of magma evolution and can pinpoint the relative timing of inherited grains being incorporated into magma.

Demographic processes in well-developed countries constitute an urgent research problem especially in terms of developmental opportunities of local settlements. It is an important issue in tourist regions which allows to conduct appropriate population policy. If the impact of demographic factors on economic development turned out to be significant, it should become a subject of scientific and practical analyses. Pomerania Province is one of the most profitable tourist regions in Poland. The summer season and leisure tourism at the seaside are of the utmost importance. The analysis concerned the towns of Pomerania Province in terms of demographic changes and their impact on the economic development. The analysis was conducted in the years 1995-2020 and it covered the changes that had taken place before Poland joined the EU (2004) as well as the period of fully functioning market economy. Apart from the time period which gives a picture of trends and intensity of the changes, the towns were also distinguished in terms of size showing various trends in big cities and medium-size and small towns.

The climate change that has been observed in recent years has affected the water balance, including the groundwater resources recharge. The paper is an attempt to evaluate the groundwater recharge in dry years. The initial stage of the research consisted of selecting the years when meteorological and hydrological droughts occurred, with use of the standardized indices Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Water Level Index (SWI). With the use of the WetSpass model for selected periods and for comparative long-term periods the volume of groundwater recharge was estimated. It was determined that the meteorological drought of 1982 led to a considerable decrease in the mean groundwater recharge to a negative level in the summer half-year in the Western Pomeranian region in Poland. On the other hand, the winter season was characterised by positive values, but they were still lower than those characteristic for the comparative long-term periods. The hydrological drought in 1992 did not have such noticeable consequences.

The 1:720,000 map ‘A New and Extensive Geographical Description of Supernatural Phenomena in Polish and German Pomerania’ (POMERANIÆ POLONICÆ ET GERMANICÆ PHÆNOMENA SUPERNATURALIA NOVA ET EMPLA DESCRIPTIO GEOGRAPHICA) presents the spatial distribution of supernatural beings along the Polish-German borderland. Depicted phenomena include devils, spirits, wild hunters, gnomes, will-o'-the-wisps, giants, dragons, mermaids, ghosts, werewolves, apparitions, and nightmares, based on the 19th and 20-century folkloric sources compiled into a geospatial database. The map combines GIS and linocut techniques with graphic symbols inspired by Renaissance cartography, including decorative cartouches and vignettes. Integrating modern cartometric methods with traditional styles, the map is both artistic and rich in information on cultural beliefs, blending historical and contemporary cartography for a unique perspective on folklore in this culturally diverse region.

Background Recent studies have highlighted the role of low-grade systemic inflammation in linking periodontitis to cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, but many aspects remain unclear. This study examines the independent and reciprocal associations of periodontitis and low-grade systemic inflammation with all-cause and CVD mortality in a large-scale cohort. Methods A total of 3047 participants from the prospective, population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-START) were followed for a period of 13.0 ± 2.4 years. For the association between various inflammation/periodontitis measures and mortality, hazard ratios (HRs) were obtained from covariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models. Interactions were analysed in joint models: on the multiplicative scale, HRs were reported and on the additive scale, relative excess risks due to interaction (RERI) were calculated. Subject and variable-specific interval records were used to account for time-varying exposures and covariates. Results During the observation period, 380 (12.5%) individuals died from CVD ( n  = 125) or other causes ( n  = 255). All markers of periodontitis and inflammation showed apparent associations with all-cause mortality (HRs per SD-increase: mean PPD: 1.068 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.988–1.155), mean CAL: 1.205 (95% CI: 1.097–1.323), missing teeth: 1.180 (95% CI: 1.065–1.307), periodontitis score: 1.394 (95% CI: 1.202–1.616), leukocytes: 1.264 (95% CI: 1.163–1.374), fibrinogen: 1.120 (95% CI: 1.030–1.218), CRP: 1.231 (95% CI: 1.109–1.366), inflammation score: 1.358 (95% CI: 1.210–1.523)). For CVD mortality, all PPD related variables showed significant associations. Interaction modelling revealed some variation with respect to mortality type and exposure combinations. On the additive scale, RERIs for periodontitis score and inflammation score implied 18.9% and 27.8% excess mortality risk for all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively. On the multiplicative scale, the HRs for interaction were marginal. Conclusions Both periodontitis and inflammation were significantly associated with all-cause mortality and CVD mortality. On the additive scale, a substantial excess risk was observed due to the interaction of periodontitis and inflammation, suggesting that the greatest treatment benefit may be achieved in patients with both periodontitis and high systemic inflammation. As periodontal therapy has been reported to also reduce systemic inflammation, the possibility of a reduction in CVD mortality risk by anti-inflammatory treatments, including periodontal interventions, seems worthy of further investigation.

The article discusses changes in production and the of the pottery used in towns in Pomerelia in the early-modern period. These considerations are based on  advanced research on late-medieval pottery-making of the region and the relatively poorer state of knowledge about the continuity of transformations at the beginning of the early-modern period. The vantage point for this study is a characterisation of the source base, including both the artefactual  and written evidence. This enables the tracing of changes, and characteristic features of goods used, in the 16th century.

Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most frequent complication during pregnancy. Untreated GDM is a severe threat to maternal and neonatal health. Based on recent evidence, up to 15% of all pregnancies may be affected by GDM. We hypothesized that in a rural birth cohort, higher maternal BMI and adverse socioeconomic conditions would promote GDM, which in turn would lead to adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes. Methods The current study is a part of a population-based cohort study examining the health and socioeconomic information from 5801 mothers and their children. The study, titled the Survey of Neonates in Pomerania (SNiP), was based in northeastern Pomerania, Germany (2002–2008). Results The cumulative incidence of GDM was 5.1%. Multiple logistic regression revealed prepregnancy overweight (OR 1.84 (95% CI 1.27–2.68)), prepregnancy obesity (OR 3.67 (2.48–5.44)) and maternal age (OR 1.06 (1.03–1.08)) as risk factors for GDM ( p  = 0.001). Alcohol use during pregnancy (OR 0.61 (0.41–0.90), a higher monthly income (OR 0.62 (0.46–0.83)), and the highest level of education (OR 0.44 (0.46–0.83)) decreased the risk of GDM. Newborns of GDM mothers had an increased risk of hypoglycaemia (OR 11.71 (7.49–18.30)) or macrosomia (OR 2.43 (1.41–4.18)) and were more often delivered by primary (OR 1.76 (1.21–2.60)) or secondary C-section (OR 2.00 (1.35–2.97)). Moreover, they were born 0.78 weeks (95% CI -1.09 – -0.48 weeks) earlier than infants of mothers without diabetes, resulting in higher percentage of late preterm infants with a gestational age of 32–36 weeks (11.1% vs. 6.96%). Conclusions Age and BMI before pregnancy were the predominant mediators of the increased risk of GDM, whereas a higher income and educational level were protective. GDM affected relevant perinatal and neonatal outcomes based on its association with an increased risk of delivery by C-section, preterm birth, macrosomia at birth and neonatal hypoglycaemia.

This study compares two automated geomorphometric methods – geomorphons and the Topographic Position Index (TPI) – for detecting glacial curvilineations (GCLs) within the Komorze tunnel valley, NW Poland. Using LiDAR-derived digital elevation model (DEM), outputs from each method were evaluated against a manually refined reference. Geomorphon-based classifications, particularly at a flatness threshold (FT) of 3, most closely matched the manual interpretation, preserving ridge structure and spatial coherence. TPI methods often over-fragment the ridges at smaller neighbourhood sizes. These results suggest that while manual delineation remains most reliable, automated tools such as geomorphons can meaningfully support large-scale GCL mapping with careful parameterisation.

The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the factors influencing the propensity of farm households to accumulate savings, which in this work are treated as a source of financial energy, taking into account socioeconomic characteristics relating to the farmer and their household, as well as farm characteristics. Classification and regression tree analysis (CRT) was used to achieve this goal. The study was conducted on a group of farms in Central Pomerania (Poland) participating in the Farm Accountancy Data Network. Data on 348 farms, obtained through a survey carried out in 2020 using a direct survey questionnaire, were used for the analyses. On the basis of the application of the classification-regression tree method, it was found that income (INC) was the key factor differentiating the studied population in terms of savings, followed by the agricultural area (AREA) and the level of education of the head of the household (EDU). It was also found that, in the case of households representing a lower income class, when the head of the household had at most secondary education and was over 34.5 years of age, having a successor (SUC) was also a factor influencing the accumulation of savings; however, the direction of this relationship was negative.