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"Positioning (Advertising)"
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Repositioning : marketing in an era of competition, change, and crisis
Explains how marketers can evolve the original positioning of their products, brands, and organizations to meet the new demands of a transformed economy, including specific advice on how to attack and weaken competitors.
Book
Positioning : how advertising shapes perceptions
Contemporary advertising seldom demonstrates why one brand is superior, or constructs logical arguments to sway buyers. Advertisers today position instead of persuade. Position refers to a place the product occupies in the consumer's mind. Nobody likes to be told how to think, but few notice when told how to see. Explore perceptual mapping, market segmentation, the use of emotion and magic, social approval, positioning against the competition, re-positioning, and using unique attributes.
Streaming Video
One consumer's opinion : it's all about blaming the messenger
Discusses the idea that advertising has a real, and often negative, impact on what people choose to buy. Source: National Library of New Zealand Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa, licensed by the Department of Internal Affairs for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence.
Journal Article
Achieving the Optimal Balance Between Investment in Quality and Investment in Self-Promotion for Information Products
When producers of goods (or services) are confronted by a situation in which their offerings no longer perfectly match consumer preferences, they must determine the extent to which the advertised features of the product reflect the product's actual attributes. We find that the two important determinants of sellers' advertising strategy are the Repeg Cost Ratio, and the Repeat Sales Coefficient. The interplay of these two factors gives rise to four possible strategic scenarios. We show that sellers' strategy is clearly explainable in three out of these four scenarios. In the ambiguous fourth scenario, we show that sellers' strategy for information production goods will differ considerably from information consumption goods based on product complexity and cost of product return (borne by the buyer). Finally, we demonstrate that markets are often characterized by self-reinforcing limits on the extent of opportunistic advertising by sellers.
Journal Article
Pooled Marketing and Positioning
Pooled positioning is defined and suggested as a logical extension of product positioning and pooled marketing efforts. A number of examples are cited to show the relevancy of this concept to today's promotional manager.
Journal Article
STAY AWAY FROM ME: Examining the Determinants of Consumer Avoidance of Personalized Advertising
This study attempts to identify the potential determinants of advertising avoidance in the context of personalized advertising media, including unsolicited commercial e-mail, postal direct mail, telemarketing, and text messaging. Using a self-administered survey (n = 442), the proposed model is tested with structural equation modeling analysis. The findings indicate that while ad skepticism partially mediates the relationship between ad avoidance and its three determinants (perceived personalization, privacy concerns, and ad irritation), both privacy concerns and ad irritation have a direct positive effect on ad avoidance. However, increased perceived personalization leads directly to decreased ad avoidance.
Journal Article
Beyond country image favorability
Across four lab experiments and a field study, we find that brands are evaluated more favorably when the brand is positioned in a manner that is congruent with the brand’s home country personality stereotype than when brand positioning is incongruent. Results demonstrate that cultural authenticity mediates this effect. We also uncover a moderating effect whereby brands are viewed more favorably when brand positioning and country personality stereotypes are incongruent, rather than congruent, under conditions of consumer animosity toward the firm’s home country. This study is the first to demonstrate how international firms can leverage country-of-origin personality stereotypes as a brand-building advantage.
Journal Article
Going Native: Effects of Disclosure Position and Language on the Recognition and Evaluation of Online Native Advertising
Despite recent industry attention, questions remain about how native advertising is perceived and processed by consumers. Two experiments examined effects of language and positioning in native advertising disclosures on recognition of the content as advertising, effects of recognition on brand and publisher evaluations, and whether disclosure position affects visual attention. Findings show that middle or bottom positioning and wording using \"advertising\" or \"sponsored\" increased advertising recognition compared to other conditions, and ad recognition generally led to more negative evaluations. Visual attention mediated the relationship between disclosure position and advertising recognition. Theoretical, practical, and regulatory implications for disclosures in native advertising are discussed.
Journal Article
Brands and Branding: Research Findings and Future Priorities
Branding has emerged as a top management priority in the last decade due to the growing realization that brands are one of the most valuable intangible assets that firms have. Driven in part by this intense industry interest, academic researchers have explored a number of different brand-related topics in recent years, generating scores of papers, articles, research reports, and books. This paper identifies some of the influential work in the branding area, highlighting what has been learned from an academic perspective on important topics such as brand positioning, brand integration, brand-equity measurement, brand growth, and brand management. The paper also outlines some gaps that exist in the research of branding and brand equity and formulates a series of related research questions. Choice modeling implications of the branding concept and the challenges of incorporating main and interaction effects of branding as well as the impact of competition are discussed.
Journal Article