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Rot : a history of the Irish famine
In the nineteenth century, as Britain became the world's most powerful industrial empire, Ireland starved. The Great Famine fractured long-held assumptions about political economy and 'civilisation', threatening disorder in Britain itself. Ireland was a laboratory for empire, shaping British ideas about colonisation, population, ecology and work. Scanlan reinterprets the history of this time and the result is a revelatory account of the Irish Great Famine (1845-1851).
BOOK
Susceptibility of Physalis longifolia and 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum'
The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc), is a major pest of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.; Solanales: Solanaceae) as a vector of 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum', the pathogen that causes zebra chip. Management of zebra chip is challenging in part because the noncrop sources of Liberibacter-infected psyllids arriving in potato remain unknown. Adding to this challenge is the occurrence of distinct genetic haplotypes of both potato psyllid and Liberibacter that differ in host range. Longleaf groundcherry (Physalis longifolia Nutt.) has been substantially overlooked in prior research as a potential noncrop source of Liberibacter-infected B. cockerelli colonizing fields of potato. The objective of this study was to assess the suitability of P. longifolia to the three common haplotypes of B. cockerelli (central, western, and northwestern haplotypes), and to two haplotypes of 'Ca. L. solanacearum' (Liberibacter A and B haplotypes). Greenhouse bioassays indicated that B. cockerelli of all three haplotypes produced more offspring on P. longifolia than on potato and preferred P. longifolia over potato during settling and egg-laying activities. Greenhouse and field trials showed that P. longifolia was also highly susceptible to Liberibacter. Additionally, we discovered that infected rhizomes survived winter and produced infected plants in late spring that could then be available for psyllid colonization and pathogen acquisition. Results show that P. longifolia is susceptible to both B. cockerelli and 'Ca. L. solanacearum' and must be considered as a potentially important source of infective B. cockerelli colonizing potato fields in the western United States. Key words: potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, Physalis longifolia, Liberibacter
Journal Article
No small potatoes : Junius G. Groves and his kingdom in Kansas
\"The life of Junius G. Groves, a sharecropper in Kansas who grew a modest potato farm into a potato kingdom.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Attenuated Isolate IGibellulopsis nigrescens/I Vn-1 Enhances Resistance against IVerticillium dahliae/I in Potato
Potatoes are among the four most important staple crops worldwide. Verticillium wilt in potatoes caused by Verticillium dahliae is a devastating disease that is difficult to control. To identify potential avenues for disease control, the pathogenicity of 72 V. dahliae isolates was tested here. We also tested the resistance to the most virulent isolate (Vd-36) induced by the attenuated isolate Gibellulopsis nigrescens Vn-1 in potatoes. Induction of Verticillium wilt resistance in potatoes was strongest when using attenuated isolate Vn-1 to inoculate potatoes with a spore suspension concentration of 1 × 10[sup.6] conidia mL[sup.−1], followed by infection with isolate Vd-36 at 5 d intervals. After incubation of potatoes with the attenuated isolate Vn-1 followed by isolate Vd-36, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H[sub.2]O[sub.2]) were produced and accumulated in potato leaves 12 h post-inoculation. The changes in respective defense enzymes, except phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, were consistent with the changes in ROS and H[sub.2]O[sub.2] levels. Furthermore, the content of salicylic acid (SA) in inoculated plants was higher than that in the control, and biosynthesis-related genes StNPR1, StPR1b, StPR2, StPR5 were activated. However, there was no significant difference in the jasmonic acid and ethylene (JA/ET) content between the treatment and control groups. These results demonstrated that the attenuated isolate Vn-1 enhanced resistance to Verticillium wilt by inducing the SA signalling pathway and weakly activating the JA/ET signalling pathways in potatoes.
Journal Article
The Irish Potato Famine : a cause-and-effect investigation
\"Discover how the great Irish potato famine affected the country's citizens through gripping personal accounts and striking visuals. Explore the way people's choices and actions affected the disaster through the lens of cause and effect.\"-- Provided by publisher.
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