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Economic instability, aggravation of social problems, uncertainty of economic guidelines for the development of Ukraine indicate the need to revise the problems and prospects for the development of economic science and practice. The aim of the article is to determine the content of the main terms in the study of the formation of human resources in the system of personnel management of enterprise. The main hypothesis of the study was the assumption that clarification of the essence and content of the terminology of the subject area of the study will provide constructive discussions on the definition of the main problems and prospects for its development. The loss of controllability of the human resources of Ukrainian enterprises due to the war requires a revision of the technologies of its research on the basis of interdisciplinary synthesis. It will be appropriate to aim such a synthesis not at determining the possibilities of transformation of the economy focused on the production of goods exquisitely, but rather at the economy of expanded reproduction of the potential abilities of a person to respond to an increase in the uncommon situations in life. The effectiveness of such a response depends on the ability of managers to activate the professional potential of subordinates, their desire to generate unique ideas for overcoming crises. The efficiency of the use of human resources of enterprises depends on a constructive dialogue between the parties interested in its development. The starting point of the dialogue should be the agreement on the essence and content of the main terms.

China’s helium resource is highly dependent on overseas imports. Organic-rich and U/Th-rich shale reservoirs generally contain helium, and although the helium content is low, the total reserve is large. Therefore, the effective development and utilisation of shale-type helium resources is a realistic way to improve the security of helium resources in China. In this study, the generation mechanism, helium source and content, migration modes and pathways, controlling factors of enrichment, distribution pattern, and resource potential of the helium were analysed, using the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery. Furthermore, countermeasures were proposed for shale-type helium exploration and development. The results show that the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale has a high content of U and Th and a good ability to generate helium. The helium is generated by a typical crustal source of helium and is characterised by self-generation, self-storage, and wide distribution. The helium resource potential is a product of its content and the resources of the associated natural gas. The continuous supply of helium and effective preservation are the main geological factors that control the enrichment of shale-type helium. The preliminary evaluation results show that the reserves of helium in proven shale gas reserves are 10.8×10 8 m 3 in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery, where the extra-large helium fields are likely to be discovered. Additionally, 0.0912×10 8 m 3 of helium was produced, along with the annual production of shale gas. To avoid the waste of helium and to improve the self-supply ability, it is suggested that research on the resource potential, enrichment mechanism, and distribution pattern of shale-type helium should be carried out as soon as possible, and helium extraction techniques for helium-bearing natural gas should be studied.

Antimony (Sb) is widely utilized in modern industries and classified as a critical mineral worldwide. China possesses the most abundant Sb mineral resources globally, with over 70% of proven reserves concentrated in southern China. However, due to excessive exploitation, the lifespan of Sb reserves is less than ten years. Therefore, the knowledge of Sb needs to be urgently strengthened. Here, the effectiveness of the geochemical block method to delineate the prospective areas of Sb deposits and determine the potential resource of Sb was studied, with geochemical data covering 2.3 million km2 across southern China. The statistical results showed that the median concentration of Sb in stream sediments (1.05 ppm) in southern China was 1.5 times that of whole China, indicating a significantly elevated background level of Sb in southern China. By setting the threshold value at 2.98 ppm, a total of nine distinct geochemical blocks were delineated. Remarkably, 85% and 76% of the large and medium Sb deposits were located within these geochemical blocks, respectively. Taking the block containing the Xikuangshan giant Sb deposit in Hunan Province as the model, the metallogenic coefficient of Sb is calculated to be 0.32%. The total potential Sb resources in southern China within a depth of 1000 m are estimated to be 21.939 million tons, which are primarily concentrated in the provinces of Hunan, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guizhou. When the threshold value is set at 4.19 ppm, the predicted potential resources of Sb are 21.45 million tons in twelve blocks, which closely approximate 21.939 million tons. The estimated Sb resource in this study significantly surpasses the proven reserves. The periphery and deep areas of known Sb deposits still hold promising prospects for exploration. This study highlighted the effectiveness of employing the geochemical block method to estimate the potential resources of Sb and determined the ore-prospecting direction of Sb deposits. However, it is important to acknowledge and address the overestimation of predicted resources resulting from the high geological background.

Critical mineral resources (CMRs) are essential for emerging high-tech industries and are geopolitically significant, prompting countries to pursue resource exploration and development. Tibetan geothermal systems, recognized for their CMR potential, have not yet been systematically evaluated. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the spatial distributions, resource flux, reserves, and resource effects of CMRs, integrating and analyzing hydrochemical and discharge flow rate data. Geochemical findings reveal significant enrichment of lithium (Li), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and boron (B) in the spring waters and sediments, primarily located along the Yarlung Zangbo suture and north–south rift zones. Resource flux estimates include approximately 246 tons of Li, 54 tons of Rb, 233 tons of Cs, and 2747 tons of B per year, underscoring the mineral potential of the geothermal spring waters. Additionally, over 40,000 tons of Cs reserves are preserved in siliceous sinters in Tagejia, Gulu, and Semi. The Tibetan geothermal systems thus demonstrate considerable potential for CMRs, especially Cs, through stable discharge and widespread distribution, also serving as indicators for endogenous mineral exploration and providing potential sources for lithium in exogenous salt lakes. This study evaluates the CMR potential of the Tibetan geothermal systems, advancing CMR exploration while contributing to the future security of CMR supplies.

This article analyzes the resource potential of Africa in terms of ensuring the transition of the world economy to green energy and identifies the geostrategic risks associated with this transition. The authors come to the conclusion that African countries today have significant reserves of metals necessary for the green transition. At the same time, they are world leaders in reserves and production of bauxite, cobalt, chromium, platinoids, and tantalum. There are also copper, lithium, zinc, and nickel ores in significant quantities. All the other metals critical for green energy are also present on the continent. The main suppliers of germanium to world markets for a long time have been Namibia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. There are significant reserves of rare-earth metals (yttrium) in Nigeria, Morocco, and Egypt; cadmium in Namibia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo; and gallium in Guinea. The transition to green technologies could theoretically improve the situation of those African countries that have high-tech materials, due to a sharp increase in demand and prices for these goods. In reality, they will be subjected to the most severe pressure from Western TNCs using the entire arsenal of colonial tools to create favorable conditions for the latter to acquire these types of materials at the lowest cost. According to the authors, if the West’s energy-transition and climate strategies are implemented, then to the greatest extent this burden will be borne by those countries that have historically participated in the depletion of traditional energy sources and environmental pollution less than others—the poorest countries in the world, the greatest number of which are in Africa. The scheme being pushed by the West will forever block their path to breakthrough economic development. Backwardness will be conserved technologically. They have the same fate planned for Russia.

Purpose: The aging of civil servants poses the greatest risk for public institutions in Europe, making it increasingly difficult for employers to offer a suitably motivating atmosphere and attractive working conditions for different generations. Lately, research has been focusing on the tools and human resource (HR) and communication strategies that can help retain talented workforce and increase their loyalty. The purpose of the study is to investigate the competitiveness of the Hungarian civil service through a literature review, exploring how attractive or repulsive a civil service career is in the Hungarian labour market. Finally, the article presents some suggestions on how governments can proactively attract and retain the talented next generation of civil servants.Design/Methodology/Approach: The article is partly descriptive and synthesizing, drawing on extensive, comprehensive knowledge and systematization of domestic and international literature and legislation.Findings: The greatest challenge in public administration HR management today is replacing the older generation, transferring knowledge and practical experience, as well as winning over generations Y and Z and creating attractive working conditions for them. The article summarizes the options to address these staffing challenges based on the literature and practice offering numerous solutions to recruitment and retention issues.Practical Implications: Public administration has always been considered a special field, with operating principles and processes differing significantly from those of the private sphere. A wide range of specialized literature has researched, through the explanation of generational change, the HR tools necessary for attracting and retaining today’s employees. Some of the proposed tools and measures may differ from the traditional organizational culture of the public administration. This article lays the grounds for the next empirical phase of research, which will investigate the main motivators for public administration employees and the factors that drive their commitment. This phase will also examine whether the motivators and commitment factors differ from those in the private sector and how the unique characteristics of public administration manifest in this field. By presenting development trends in Hungary, this study aims to contribute to the scientific discourse on the specific characteristics of this issue in Central and Eastern Europe. Namen: Staranje javnih uslužbencev je največja težava javnih institucij v Evropi, delodajalci pa vse težje ponujajo ustrezno motivacijo in privlačne delovne pogoje za različne generacije. Raziskave v zadnjih desetletjih se osredotočajo na orodja ter kadrovske in komunikacijske strategije, s katerimi bi institucije zadržale nadarjeno delovno silo in okrepile njeno zvestobo. Študija s pomočjo pregleda literature proučuje konkurenčnost madžarske javne uprave in skuša ugotoviti, kako privlačna na madžarskem trgu dela je kariera v javni upravi. Prispevek na koncu poda nekaj predlogov, kako lahko vlade proaktivno pritegnejo in zadržijo nadarjeno naslednjo generacijo javnih uslužbencev.Zasnova/metodologija/pristop: Prispevek je opisen in sintetičen ter temelji na obsežnem, celovitem poznavanju in sistematizaciji domače in mednarodne literature in zakonodaje.Ugotovitve: Največji izziv pri upravljanju s kadri v javni upravi je nadomestitev starejše generacije, prenos znanja in praktičnih izkušenj ter pridobivanje generacij Y in Z z ustvarjanjem njim privlačnih delovnih pogojev. Prispevek na podlagi literature in prakse povzema možnosti za reševanje omenjenih kadrovskih izzivov ter predlaga rešitve za vprašanja zaposlovanja in ohranjanja zaposlenih.Praktične posledice: Javna uprava od nekdaj velja za posebno področje, katerega načela delovanja in procesi se bistveno razlikujejo od tistih v zasebni sferi. Obsežna strokovna literatura z razlago generacijske menjave proučuje kadrovska orodja, potrebna za pridobivanje in ohranjanje zaposlenih. Nekatera od predlaganih orodij in ukrepov se lahko razlikujejo od tradicionalne organizacijske kulture javne uprave. Prispevek postavlja temelje za naslednjo empirično fazo raziskave, v kateri bodo raziskani glavni dejavniki, ki zaposlene v javni upravi motivirajo in spodbujajo njihovo predanost. V tej fazi se bo tudi proučilo, ali se omenjeni dejavniki razlikujejo od tistih v zasebnem sektorju in kako se na tem področju kažejo edinstvene značilnosti javne uprave. S predstavitvijo razvojnih trendov na Madžarskem želi ta študija prispevati k znanstvenemu diskurzu o posebnostih tega vprašanja v Srednji in Vzhodni Evropi.

The article outlines the main stages of the procedure for quantitative assessment of resource potential of innovation-oriented agricultural enterprises taking into account the content of the concept of “enterprise resource potential”. These stages include assessment of the current state of the resource base (which involves determining quantitative and qualitative parameters of resources and resource productivity); quantitative measurement of resource use effectiveness; assessment of extent of using the potential. It is found that the peculiarity of the methodical approach to assessing resource potential of innovation-oriented agricultural commodity producers is determined by the need to investigate the capacity of their available resources to provide a sufficient (i.e., potentially possible) level of their innovation activity. It is determined that such an analysis should be carried out on the basis of comparing the results of the innovation activity of an economic entity and its competitors. There singled out methods for assessing the resource potential, including methods of structural-functional analysis, fuzzy logic, statistical and economic methods, methods of rationing, correlation analysis, integral assessment, taxonomic analysis, matrix methods, DEA analysis method.

Water scarcity is one of the major problems in the world and millions of people have no access to freshwater. Untreated wastewater is widely used for agriculture in many countries. This is one of the world-leading serious environmental and public health concerns. Instead of using untreated wastewater, treated wastewater has been found more applicable and ecofriendly option. Moreover, environmental toxicity due to solid waste exposures is also one of the leading health concerns. Therefore, intending to combat the problems associated with the use of untreated wastewater, we propose in this review a multidisciplinary approach to handle wastewater as a potential resource for use in agriculture. We propose a model showing the efficient methods for wastewater treatment and the utilization of solid wastes in fertilizers. The study also points out the associated health concern for farmers, who are working in wastewater-irrigated fields along with the harmful effects of untreated wastewater. The consumption of crop irrigated by wastewater has leading health implications also discussed in this review paper. This review further reveals that our current understanding of the wastewater treatment and use in agriculture with addressing advancements in treatment methods has great future possibilities.

• Despite the importance of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) for growth and survival in woody plants, we know little about whole-tree NSC storage. The conventional theory suggests that NSC reserves will increase over the growing season and decrease over the dormant season. Here, we compare storage in five temperate tree species to determine the size and seasonal fluctuation of whole-tree total NSC pools as well as the contribution of individual organs. • NSC concentrations in the branches, stemwood, and roots of 24 trees were measured across 12 months. We then scaled up concentrations to the whole-tree and ecosystem levels using allometric equations and forest stand inventory data. • While whole-tree total NSC pools followed the conventional theory, sugar pools peaked in the dormant season and starch pools in the growing season. Seasonal depletion of total NSCs was minimal at the whole-tree level, but substantial at the organ level, particularly in branches. Surprisingly, roots were not the major storage organ as branches stored comparable amounts of starch throughout the year, and root reserves were not used to support springtime growth. • Scaling up NSC concentrations to the ecosystem level, we find that commonly used, process-based ecosystem and land surface models all overpredict NSC storage.

The giant panda attracts disproportionate conservation resources. How well does this emphasis protect other endemic species? Detailed data on geographical ranges are not available for plants or invertebrates, so we restrict our analyses to 3 vertebrate taxa: birds, mammals, and amphibians. There are gaps in their protection, and we recommend practical actions to fill them. We identified patterns of species richness, then identified which species are endemic to China, and then which, like the panda, live in forests. After refining each species' range by its known elevational range and remaining forest habitats as determined from remote sensing, we identified the top 5% richest areas as the centers of endemism. Southern mountains, especially the eastern Hengduan Mountains, were centers for all 3 taxa. Over 96% of the panda habitat overlapped the endemic centers. Thus, investing in almost any panda habitat will benefit many other endemics. Existing panda national nature reserves cover all but one of the endemic species that overlap with the panda's distribution. Of particular interest are 14 mammal, 20 bird, and 82 amphibian species that are inadequately protected. Most of these species the International Union for Conservation of Nature currently deems threatened. But 7 mammal, 3 bird, and 20 amphibian species are currently nonthreatened, yet their geographical ranges are <20,000 km² after accounting for elevational restriction and remaining habitats. These species concentrate mainly in Sichuan, Yunnan, Nan Mountains, and Hainan. There is a high concentration in the east Daxiang and Xiaoxiang Mountains of Sichuan, where pandas are absent and where there are no national nature reserves. The others concentrate in Yunnan, Nan Mountains, and Hainan. Here, 10 prefectures might establish new protected areas or upgrade local nature reserves to national status.