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\"The interplay between prediction and risk and role of advanced predictive technologies (biotechnology, AI, and big data) in provoking social change\"-- Provided by publisher.

Clinical intelligence about a patient’s risk of future adverse health events can support clinical decision making in personalized and preventive care. Healthcare predictive analytics using electronic health records offers a promising direction to address the challenging tasks of risk profiling. Patients with chronic diseases often face risks of not just one, but an array of adverse health events. However, existing risk models typically focus on one specific event and do not predict multiple outcomes. To attain enhanced risk profiling, we adopt the design science paradigm and propose a principled approach called Bayesian multitask learning (BMTL). Considering the model development for an event as a single task, our BMTL approach is to coordinate a set of baseline models—one for each event—and communicate training information across the models. The BMTL approach allows healthcare providers to achieve multifaceted risk profiling and model an arbitrary number of events simultaneously. Our experimental evaluations demonstrate that the BMTL approach attains an improved predictive performance when compared with the alternatives that model multiple events separately. We also find that, in most cases, the BMTL approach significantly outperforms existing multitask learning techniques. More importantly, our analysis shows that the BMTL approach can create significant potential impacts on clinical practice in reducing the failures and delays in preventive interventions. We discuss several implications of this study for health IT, big data and predictive analytics, and design science research.

Prediction in Medicine: The Impact of Machine Learning on Healthcare explores the transformative power of advanced data analytics and machine learning in healthcare. This comprehensive guide covers predictive analysis, leveraging electronic health records (EHRs) and wearable devices to optimize patient care and healthcare planning. Key topics include disease diagnosis, risk assessment, and precision medicine advancements in cardiovascular health and hypertension management. The book also addresses challenges in interpreting clinical data and navigating ethical considerations. It examines the role of AI in healthcare emergencies and infectious disease management, highlighting the integration of diverse data sources like medical imaging and genomic data. Prediction in Medicine is essential for students, researchers, healthcare professionals, and general readers interested in the future of healthcare and technological innovation. Readership:Graduate and undergraduate, researchers, professionals, general.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical model to explain the impact of big data and predictive analytics (BDPA) on sustainable business development goal of the organization. Design/methodology/approach The authors have developed the theoretical model using resource-based view logic and contingency theory. The model was further tested using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) following Peng and Lai (2012) arguments. The authors gathered 205 responses using survey-based instrument for PLS-SEM. Findings The statistical results suggest that out of four research hypotheses, the authors found support for three hypotheses (H1-H3) and the authors did not find support for H4. Although the authors did not find support for H4 (moderating role of supply base complexity (SBC)), however, in future the relationship between BDPA, SBC and sustainable supply chain performance measures remain interesting research questions for further studies. Originality/value This study makes some original contribution to the operations and supply chain management literature. The authors provide theory-driven and empirically proven results which extend previous studies which have focused on single performance measures (i.e. economic or environmental). Hence, by studying the impact of BDPA on three performance measures the authors have attempted to answer some of the unresolved questions. The authors also offer numerous guidance to the practitioners and policy makers, based on empirical results.

Internet of Things (IoT) technologies present transformative opportunities through connectivity of intelligent devices, environmental sensors, and integrated management systems. This study aims to investigate the benefits and impact of IoT implementation on construction sites by analyzing relationships between key factors and outcomes for safety and efficiency. Hypotheses were developed proposing positive correlations between each factor and effective IoT adoption on construction sites. Structural equation modeling analysis on survey data from construction professionals and site reports strongly validated the research hypotheses. Positive path coefficients and high statistical significance confirmed environmental monitoring (0.38), equipment management (0.343), predictive analytics and maintenance (0.222) and safety monitoring (0.369) as crucial enablers for successful IoT integration leading to safer and more productive construction operations. The findings highlight imperative focus areas and provide actionable insights for construction stakeholders on strategies to effectively leverage IoT capabilities.

In the contemporary digital era, cloud computing offers an ideal platform for artificial intelligence (AI) applications by providing the necessary computational power, memory, and scalability to handle the massive volumes of data required by intelligent algorithms. AI systems enable computing devices to make expert-level decisions by effectively leveraging information. However, challenges, related to adaptability, efficiency, privacy preservation, and the latent requirement for minimal user intervention remain critical. Notably, error detection efficiency can be improved by distributing data across multiple cloud storage services, akin to spreading data across physical disk drives. Nevertheless, continuously optimizing the performance and cost-efficiency of multiple cloud providers remains a complex task, due to varying pricing models and service quality levels. This paper aims to clarify how rule enforcement for distributed systems can be improved through the use of diverse cloud hosting services guided by authorization patterns. We propose an Effective AI Architecture for File Distribution Enhancement (EAIFDE), which aims to minimize costs and waiting times across various cloud platforms. The proposed architecture is validated using a cloud storage system simulator to evaluate the operational complexity and performance differences among multiple providers.

This pragmatic randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the effect of a passive display of artificial intelligence (AI)-based predictive analytics on hours free of clinical deterioration events among medical and surgical patients in an acute care cardiology medical-surgical ward. 10,422 inpatient visits were randomly assigned by cluster to the intervention group of a display of risk trajectories or to a control group of usual medical care. The trial was undertaken on an 85-bed inpatient cardiology and cardiac surgery ward of an academic hospital with a substantial implementation and education plan. This was a passive display with no specific response mandated. The primary analysis compared events of clinical deterioration (death, emergent ICU transfer, emergent endotracheal intubation, cardiac arrest, or emergent surgery) and compared mortality 21 days after admission. Patients with a large spike in risk score had, on average, twice the length of hospital stay (6.8 compared to 3.4 days). There was no change in the primary outcome between groups. Among those who had a clinical event, there were more event-free hours in the intervention/display-on group compared to the standard-of-care/display-off, but this did not reach statistical significance. Clinicians chose to transfer 11% of patients into or out of display beds, a censoring event removing them from the analysis, thereby undermining aspects of the randomized nature of the study. Predictive analytics monitoring incorporating continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring and displays of risk trajectories coupled with an education plan did not improve patient outcomes. While necessary to conduct the study, the pragmatic design allowed for significant movement towards intervention/displayed beds for sicker patients. Design considerations in the future must focus on understanding clinicians’ interpretation, care processes, and communication practices. Clinical trial registration number : NCT04359641 Registered 4/24/20.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to investigate the role of big data and predictive analytics (BDPA) and social capital on the performance of humanitarian supply chains (HSCs); second, to explore the different performance measurement frameworks and develop a conceptual model for an HSC context that can be used by humanitarian organizations; and third, to provide insights for future research direction.Design/methodology/approachAfter a detailed review of relevant literature, grounded in resource-based view and social capital theory, the paper proposes a conceptual model that depicts the influence of BDPA and social capital on the performance of an HSC.FindingsThe study deliberates that BDPA as a capability improves the effectiveness of humanitarian missions to achieve its goals. It uncovers the fact that social capital binds people, organization or a country to form a network and has a critical role in the form of monetary or non-monetary support in disaster management. Further, it argues that social capital combined with BDPA capability can result in a better HSC performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed model integrating BDPA and social capital for HSC performance is conceptual and it needs to be empirically validated.Practical implicationsOrganizations and practitioners may use this framework by mobilizing social capital, BDPA to enhance their abilities to help victims of calamities.Social implicationsFindings from study can help improve coordination among different stakeholders in HSC, effectiveness of humanitarian operations, which means lives saved and faster reconstruction process after disaster. Second, by implementing performance measurements framework recommended by study, donors and other stakeholders will get much desired transparency at each stage of HSCs.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to the missing link of social capital and BDPA to the existing performance of HSC literature, finally leading to a better HSC performance.

PurposeThe authors have attempted to understand how big data and predictive analytics (BDPA) can help retain employees in the organization.Design/methodology/approachThis study is grounded in the positivism philosophy. The authors have used a resource-based view (RBV) to develop their research hypotheses. The authors tested their research hypotheses using primary data gathered using a single-informant questionnaire. The authors obtained 254 usable responses. The authors performed the assumptions test, performed confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test the validity of the proposed theoretical model, and further tested their research hypotheses using hierarchical regression analysis.FindingsThe statistical result suggests that the various human resource management strategies play a significant role in improving retention under the mediating effect of the BDPA.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors have grounded their study in the positivism philosophy. Moreover, the authors tested their hypotheses using single-informant cross-sectional data. Hence, the authors cannot ignore the effects of the common method bias on their research findings. Moreover, the research findings are based on a particular setting. Thus, the authors caution the readers that their findings must be examined in the light of their study limitations.Practical implicationsThe study provided empirical findings based on survey data. Hence, the authors provide numerous guidelines to the practitioners that how the organization can invest in creating BDPA that helps analyze complex data to extract meaningful and relevant information. This information related to employee turnaround may guide top management to reduce the dissatisfaction level among the employees working in high-stress environments resulting from a high degree of uncertainty.Social implicationsThe study helps understand the complex factors that affect the morale of the employee. In the high-paced environment, the employees are often exposed to various negative forces that affect their morale which further affect their productivity. Due to lack of awareness and adequate information, most of the employees and their issues are not dealt with effectively and efficiently by their line managers. Thus, the BDPA can help tackle the most complex problem of society in a significant way.Originality/valueThis study offers some useful contributions to the literature which attempts to unfold the complex nexus between human resource management, information management and strategy. The study contributes to the BDPA literature and how it helps in the retention of employees is one of the areas which still remains elusive to the academic community. Moreover, the managers are still skeptical about the application of BDPA in understanding human-related issues due to a lack of understanding of how and to what extent the employee-related information can be stored and processed. This study’s findings further open the new avenues of research that need to be tackled.

PurposeAccurate prediction of order demand across omni-channel supply chains improves the management's decision-making ability at strategic, tactical and operational levels. The paper aims to develop a predictive methodology for forecasting near-real-time e-commerce order arrivals in distribution centres, allowing third-party logistics service providers to manage the hour-to-hour fast-changing arrival rates of e-commerce orders better.Design/methodology/approachThe paper proposes a novel machine learning predictive methodology through the integration of the time series data characteristics into the development of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. A four-stage implementation framework is developed for enabling practitioners to apply the proposed model.FindingsA structured model evaluation framework is constructed for cross-validation of model performance. With the aid of an illustrative case study, forecasting evaluation reveals a high level of accuracy of the proposed machine learning approach in forecasting the arrivals of real e-commerce orders in three different retailers at three-hour intervals.Research limitations/implicationsResults from the case study suggest that real-time prediction of individual retailer's e-order arrival is crucial in order to maximize the value of e-order arrival prediction for daily operational decision-making.Originality/valueEarlier researchers examined supply chain demand, forecasting problem in a broader scope, particularly in dealing with the bullwhip effect. Prediction of real-time, hourly based order arrivals has been lacking. The paper fills this research gap by presenting a novel data-driven predictive methodology.