Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
11
result(s) for
"Presidents Election Cross-cultural studies."
Sort by:
The presidentialization of politics : a comparative study of modern democracies
Shows that the politics of democratic societies is moving towards a presidentialized working mode, even in the absence of formal institutional changes. These developments can be explained by a combination of long-term structural changes in modern politics and societies’ contingent factors that fluctuate over time. While these contingent, short-term factors relate to the personalities of office holders, the overall political agenda, and the majority situation in parliament, there are several structural factors that are relatively uniform across modern nations. First, the internationalization of modern politics (which is particularly pronounced within the European Union) has led to an ‘executive bias’ of the political process that has strengthened the role of political top elites vis-à-vis their parliamentary groups and/or their parties. Their predominance has been amplified further by the vastly expanded steering capacities of state machineries, which have severely reduced the scope of effective parliamentary control. At the same time, the declining stability of political alignments has increased the proportion of citizens whose voting decisions are not constrained by long-standing party loyalties. In conjunction with the mediatization of politics, this has increased the capacity of political leaders to bypass their party machines and to appeal directly to voters.As a result, three interrelated processes have led to a political process increasingly moulded by the inherent logic of presidentialism: increasing leadership power and autonomy within the political executive; increasing leadership power and autonomy within political parties; and increasingly leadership-centered electoral processes.The book presents evidence for this process of presidentialization for 14 modern democracies (including the USA and Canada). While there are substantial cross-national differences, the overall thesis holds: modern democracies are increasingly following a presidential logic of governance through which leadership is becoming more central and more powerful, but also increasingly dependent on successful immediate appeal to the mass public. Implications for democratic theory are considered.
eBook
Measuring “Who is a Jew?” Why It Matters in Jewish Political Behavior
Studies of American Jewish preferences in the 2020 US presidential election reveal striking variability in partisan choices from one survey to the next. We believe this variability is due in part to different approaches to the measurement of Jewishness across surveys and survey research firms. Drawing principally on social identity theory, we argue that surveys that classify respondents as Jewish only by their religious preference suffer both sample bias and coverage error. These problems arise when surveys omit persons of Jewish heritage who do not select “Jewish” as their religious preference but who still define themselves as Jewish by ethnicity, culture, and/or heritage. Analysis of nine surveys conducted between 2012 and 2021 show that omitting “Jews of no religion” has, as hypothesized, underestimated the liberal/Democratic political orientation of American Jews, with the bias growing increasingly powerful once Donald Trump entered the presidential contests. When considering the electoral behavior of the American Jews, we recommend conceptualizing Jews as members of an ethnoreligious community not defined solely by religious preference.
Journal Article
The Racial Dialectic: President Barack Obama and the White Racial Frame
This paper introduces the concept of the “racial dialectic” to describe the ways racial dialogues and policies have transformed in the wake of Barack Obama’s historic election to the presidency of the United States of America. Using public statements and behaviors from elected officials, pundits, and Obama himself as case study data, we examine the tension between what we term the hard racial frame, the soft racial frame, and the racial counterframe in the public discourses. We conclude that these competing frames produce a dialectic that has transformed the way racial issues are discussed and interpreted in the wake of Obama’s election.
Journal Article
2015 ICBD Celebrations in Australia
Following an Acknowledgement of Country by school parent, Cassandra Gibbs, IBBY Australia's President, Robin Morrow provided an overview of IBBY's work and achievements, with special reference to the recent death of Maurice Saxby, AM, who provided support and encouragement for the work of IBBY over many decades and was the only Australian Hans Christian Andersen Award juror since the awards were first inaugurated in 1956 for authors, and including illustrators from 1966. The Australian 2014 HCA Award nominee for Writing, Nadia Wheatley was presented with her official HCA certificate by Karen Jameyson, an Executive Committee member of IBBY Australia Inc. In her acceptance speech, Nadia spoke of how such a nomination showcased not only the nominated writer or illustrator, but also other creators whose work contributed to their titles.
Journal Article
'Our son Obama': The US presidential election in Western Kenya
Writing from the city of Kisumu located 60 kilometres from the birthplace of Barack Obama's father, the authors describe the Obama‐mania gripping Kenya and follow Kenyans’ debates, both light‐hearted and serious, concerning Obama's kinship ties to Kenya and the expectations these raise. They argue that Kenyan's hopes and fears surrounding the US elections should be understood in the context of the contested December 2007 Kenyan elections and the violence that shook Kenyan society in their aftermath; and they trace some of the faultines of race and class that came to the surface during the hightened emotions surrounding the US election and Obama's victory.
Journal Article
U.S. Squeezes Cuba Travelers; Castro Cited as Target, but Policy Seems Aimed at Florida Voters
The irony is that while President [Bush] ramps up enforcement of the longstanding travel restrictions, U.S. commercial ties to the island are as robust as they have been since Mr. [Fidel Castro] seized power 45 years ago. U.S. exports to Cuba hit $1 million a day in January and American businessmen are flocking to Havana to sign deals for huge shipments of poultry and grain. Food sales, allowed under a law President Clinton signed in late 2000, have skyrocketed in the past three years and could top $320 million this year. And an estimated 210,000 Americans traveled to Cuba legally last year, about half of them people of Cuban descent and the others a mix of students, academics and entrepreneurs. The campaign began a year ago, after Mr. Castro clamped down on the growing democracy movement in Cuba by imprisoning more than 70 writers and pro-democracy activists. Mr. Bush responded by phasing out the Clinton-era \"people-to-people\" trips that allowed Americans to travel to Cuba for cultural exchange. In October, Mr. Bush announced measures intended \"to hasten the arrival of a new, free, democratic Cuba,\" as he put it in a Rose Garden speech. The moves called for bulking up enforcement of existing restrictions, including steps to collar and fine Americans who travel to Cuba illegally through third countries. Florida boaters are feeling the heat, too. In February, President Bush accused yachters who sail illegally to Havana of \"putting hard currency in the pocket of the regime.\" Under a new presidential proclamation, the Coast Guard is now authorized to inspect and seize U.S. sailboats returning from Cuba. Federal prosecutors in Miami are also weighing whether to indict dozens of yachtsmen who participated in a regatta to Havana last year, according to one U.S. official.
Newspaper Article
