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Textbooks have always played an important role in mathematics education. Textbook tasks are widely used by students, so it is important to examine their requirements in order to identify the opportunities students have to learn mathematics. Publishers now produce both printed and digital versions of textbooks. While the requirements of the tasks in printed textbooks have been well examined all over the world, the tasks in digital textbooks are yet to be analysed and systematically developed. The research presented in this paper encompasses the analysis and comparison of the tasks in the printed and digital versions of the same mathematics textbook set. The examined set covers Grades 1 to 4 of primary education in Croatia. The aim was to find what task requirements are predominant in the printed and the digital textbooks, and to determine whether these textbook versions provide a wide variety of task features. In addition, the features and capacities typical of digital tasks, such as interactivity and dynamics, are examined. These task features are particularly important in geometry education for comprehending visual and dynamic geometrical objects and relations. The results show that both the printed and the digital textbook tasks have traditional requirements, with an emphasis on closed answer forms. Moreover, the new opportunities afforded by digital tasks are not realised. These findings reveal the potential of digital tasks as a new area to be explored and developed. (DIPF/Orig.)

Textbooks have been the primary teaching tool since the 19th century. By their nature, they contained a comprehensive compilation of the content of a particular subject with the intention of explaining it; this knowledge, in turn, was usually filtered to conform to a particular society's expectations of elementary knowledge about the natural and social environments. There has been a great deal of research on how the content of textbooks has changed in line with changing values in different societies and over different periods. However, little research has been done on how textbook reading substrates and design have changed and how these changes have affected learning and comprehension: studies that systematically examined the effects of different reading substrates and different layouts on reading and learning comprehension did not appear until the late 20th century and early 21st century. We examine such studies and PISA 2021 results to draw five conclusions for future textbook research. These conclusions indicate that screens are worse than printed texts for some types of reading, while interactivity and dynamic design are not values per se but require coherent design to improve reading performance and higher-level thinking skills. (DIPF/Orig.)

Library preservation programs are at the precipice of transformation. With the increasing availability of digitized content, and the development of shared print repositories, our perceived obligation to the preservation of individual print copies at an institutional level is shifting to a more shared model. Library preservation professionals must now determine how this is influencing our day to day practices. This paper reviews the data collected from a 2012 survey and interprets that data to show how the availability of digital surrogates, libraries’ increasing consideration of shared print holdings, and the perceived value of scarcely held content are all influencing preservation selection.

This paper aims to sketch a framework for comparing the efficiency of printed and digital textbooks. Considering the fact that digital textbooks are a relatively new phenomenon, they lack both practical experiences with their use, and research on their efficiency - which is why all results will only be of a preliminary nature. This is also why our paper will focus on an initial definition of not only the theoretical framework for analysing the nature of digital media, but also for analysing printed and digital textbooks. The broadest theoretical framework consists of Lev Vygotsky's theory on the character of culturally-psychological tools and their influence on the functional organisation of the brain and of Marshall McLuhan's theory of media, concerning the general fact of the medium (and not its content). The theoretical analysis shows that media (printed and digital) have significant impacts on the functional organisation of the brain, which is based on the brain's neuroplasticity. The analysis of digital media shows that they possess a set of specific features that, despite all the advantages they have, carry important risks for the organisation and functioning of the brain and for the process of learning. The production of digital textbooks also faces a significant number of challenges that the current production has not yet solved. Empirical research on the process of digital reading and understanding what has been read, indicate all the problems that still exist in digital textbook creation. (DIPF/Orig.)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss reading habits in relation to printed books and eBooks. Design/methodology/approach – The study was structured in two steps: first, an online survey was used to trace a general profile of a group of Brazilian readers who had had previous contact with digital books. Second, a subset of respondents was invited to participate in open-ended interviews. Interviewees were chosen according to their responses to the profiling questionnaire. All interviews were semi-structured. Findings – The results indicate the existence of a synergy between digital and paper books. The decision between reading one or the other depends on several factors, amongst which the authors emphasise online accessibility, reading motivation (for work or for leisure), intended modes of use and appropriation, circumstances of use and emotional factors. Other elements of importance are the corporeality of the readers and the materiality of the devices used for reading. Originality/value – The departure point of the study was the perception that, in Brazil, the arrival of digital books was accompanied by an increase in the sales of printed books. This contradicts the idea that digital books and printed books are concurrent, and the growth of the eBooks market will inevitably lead to a decrease in the revenue from printed books. The initial hypothesis was that digital and printed books could be complementary. Addressing this question required knowledge of readers’ experience with and opinion of printed and digital books. The results of the qualitative study suggest that the relation between these two types of publication is not one of alternatives, but instead is one of synergy. Specific aspects of this synergy are highlighted in the paper.

On the basis of widely read print and online media, the public discussion in Germany on working mothers since 2005 is analyzed applying the technique of theoretical sampling. After documenting how the general situation of mothers at work was seen in Germany, the content analysis focusses on different positions regarding social and political schemes. Dominant topics were the proportion of women in top managerial positions, part time employment, financial support for families and legal regulations concerning out-of-family care for children younger than three years of age. Initiatives and flexibilities of companies were discussed. A shift in the published discourse was found from a critical view on the situation of working mothers towards greater attention given to the question of how both parents could find an adequate work-life balance. Published opinion showed to be biased with respect to the importance given to singular issues. Lately, more people have taken to expressing their own opinion on the internet aside the established print and online media. (DIPF/Orig.).

Der Beitrag untersucht mittels kritischer Diskursanalyse die mediale Bearbeitung des rechtsterroristischen Anschlags von Halle (Saale) im Oktober 2019 in den drei größten Qualitätstageszeitungen Deutschlands. Ausgehend von Theorien der Zivilreligion und des kollektiven Gedächtnisses argumentieren wir, dass Journalist*innen als memory agents angesichts von Rechtsterrorismus im Sinn der deutschen Basiserzählung handeln. Dazu zeigen wir anhand identifizierter Diskursstränge, wie Schuldabwehr, positive Wir- Konstruktion und securitisation von Rechtsextremismus zusammenhängen. Wir argumentieren folglich, dass die mediale Bearbeitung dieses Anschlags gerade nicht dazu dient, politische Antworten auf Rechtsextremismus zu finden, sondern Diskurse (re-)produziert, die eine gesamtgesellschaftliche Auseinandersetzung damit behindern. Schlüsselbegriffe: Zivilreligion, kritische Diskursanalyse, kollektives Gedächtnis, Printmedien, Rechtsterrorismus, Erinnerungspolitik / One week in autumn – Media after the Halle (Saale) terrorist attack as a case for politics of memory as civil religion. Summary: Employing critical discourse analysis, this contribution examines media coverage of the Halle (Saale) terrorist attack of October 2019 in the three most important daily broadsheets in Germany. Utilising theories of civil religion and collective memory, we argue that facing far-right terrorism, journalists act as memory agents in accordance with the German basis narrative. Examining the lines of discourse, we show how deflection of guilt, a positive we-construction and the securitisation of far-right extremism are interlinked. Thus, we argue that media coverage of this attack (re)produces discourses, which are not suitable to further political answers to right-wing extremism but rather hinder a public debate. Keywords: civil religion, critical discourse analysis, collective memory, print media, far-right terrorism, politics of memory

Die besondere Bedeutung Olympischer Sommerspiele liegt in ihrer Größe und medialen Omnipräsenz. Alle vier Jahre treten seit den Spielen in Sydney 2000 über 10.500 Sportler und Sportlerinnen aus mehr als 200 Ländern in mehr als 30 Sportarten und 300 Wettbewerben gegeneinander an (Sports Reference 2016). Welche Formen und Modi die visuelle Kommunikation prägen, steht im Mittelpunkt der vorliegenden inhaltsanalytischen Forschung über die Sommerspiele 2000 bis 2016. Um das Spektrum der Printmedien in Deutschland abzubilden, wurden mit der Bild-Zeitung (BILD) ein Boulevardmedium und mit der Frankfurter Allgemeinen Zeitung (FAZ) ein Qualitätsmedium ausgewählt und insgesamt 3.394 Fotos analysiert. Zentrale Fragestellung ist hierbei, ob Sportlerinnen – wie in der Tagespresse – unterrepräsentiert sind, inwieweit in die Fotografien von Sportlern und Sportlerinnen eine mediale Konstruktion von Geschlecht eingelagert ist, sich hier stabile Muster zeigen oder sich im 21. Jahrhundert ein Wandel abzeichnet. Schlagwörter: Olympische Spiele, Gender, Printmedien, Inhaltsanalyse, visuelle Kommunikation / Visual Presentation of Athletes at the Olympic Summer Games 2000-2016. Patterns and Changes of Gender Order in the Coverage of Print Media. Abstract: The special status of the Olympic Games is based on their large scale and omnipresence in the media. Every four years since the games in Sydney, 2000 more than 10.500 sportsmen and women from more than 200 countries compete in more than 30 disciplines and 300 competitions. Studies about the visual coverage of sportsmen and sportswomen in print media often claim that female athletes are systematically underrepresented in the daily press, a fact that is less obvious in the coverage of mega events. The research questions are if there is an underrepresentation of sportswomen in the visual coverage of sportsmen and sportswomen and whether there is an embedded gender order in the visual communication. The sample comprises a total of 3,394 photos taken from the coverage of five Olympic Games (2000 to 2016) in two major national daily newspapers in Germany. This sample allows the study to answer the questions with regard to patterns and changes of visual construction of gender in sports media of the 21st century. Keywords: Olympic Games, gender, print media, content analysis, visual communication

As Irish media and society move from an insular, domestic focus in the mid-twentieth century to the global outlook of the twenty-first, this book traces how indigenous media have come to terms with international media players, the role of supranational regulation and the rapid emergence of media forms that know no geographical boundaries.

Informationsvermittlung im Internetzeitalter stellt Öffentliche Bibliotheken vor neue Herausforderungen. Gibt es Möglichkeiten, klassische Medien und digitale Informationen so zu verbinden, dass beide Welten als Einheit erfahren werden? Mit dem Forschungsprojekt „Quellentaucher“ will das Land Nordrhein-Westfalen neue Möglichkeiten der Informationsrecherche entwickeln und erproben. Dem Besucher soll ein intuitives und unterhaltsames Stöber- und Rechercheerlebnis geboten werden. Das Forschungsprojekt findet in Zusammenarbeit mit der Arbeitsgruppe Mensch-Computer Interaktion an der Universität Konstanz statt.