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Energizing teacher education and professional development with problem-based learning
This collection of papers presents a variety of field-tested examples that use problem-based learning (PBL) for teacher education in many professional development settings. It describes PBL activities for preservice, novice, and experienced educators at all levels. The eight chapters describe teacher educators' experiences using PBL in their particular professional development settings. The chapters are: (1) \"They Expect Teachers To Do That? Helping Teachers Explore and Take Ownership of Their Profession\" (Carol D. Dean); (2) \"Problem-Based Learning in an Undergraduate Educational Psychology Course\" (Lee Shumow); (3) \"Providing Structure for Analyzing Authentic Problems\" (Jean W. Pierce and Herbert G. Lange); (4) \"The Inclusion Classroom Problem: Learning about Students with Disabilities\" (Katherine L. Hibbard, Barbara B. Levin, and Tracy C. Rock); (5) \"The Charter School and Problem-Based Learning\" (Barbara B. Levin); (6) \"Using Problem-Based Learning To Teach Problem-Based Learning\" (Sara M. Sage); (7) \"Classroom Action Research as Problem-Based Learning\" (Gwynn Mettetal); and (8) \"Frequently Asked Questions about Problem-Based Learning\" (Barbara B. Levin with Carol D. Dean and Jean W. Pierce). (Contains 8 references.) (SM)
eBook
Science for all children
Remember the first time you planted a seed and watched it sprout? Or explored how a magnet attracted a nail? If these questions bring back memories of joy and wonder, then you understand the idea behind inquiry-based science-an approach to science education that challenges children to ask questions, solve problems, and develop scientific skills as well as gain knowledge. Inquiry-based science is based on research and experience, both of which confirm that children learn science best when they engage in hands-on science activities rather than read from a textbook.
The recent National Science Education Standards prepared by the National Research Council call for a revolution in science education. They stress that the science taught must be based on active inquiry and that science should become a core activity in every grade, starting in kindergarten. This easy-to-read and practical book shows how to bring about the changes recommended in the standards. It provides guidelines for planning and implementing an inquiry-based science program in any school district.
The book is divided into three parts. \"Building a Foundation for Change,\" presents a rationale for inquiry-based science and describes how teaching through inquiry supports the way children naturally learn. It concludes with basic guidelines for planning a program.
School administrators, teachers, and parents will be especially interested in the second part, \"The Nuts and Bolts of Change.\" This section describes the five building blocks of an elementary science program:
Community and administrative support.
A developmentally appropriate curriculum.
Opportunities for professional development.
Materials support.
Appropriate assessment tools.
Together, these five elements provide a working model of how to implement hands-on science.
The third part, \"Inquiry-Centered Science in Practice,\" presents profiles of the successful inquiry-based science programs in districts nationwide. These profiles show how the principles of hands-on science can be adapted to different school settings.
If you want to improve the way science is taught in the elementary schools in your community, Science for All Children is an indispensable resource.
eBook
Successfully Implementing Problem-Based Learning in Classrooms
Problem-based learning (PBL) represents a widely recommended best practice that facilitates both student engagement with challenging content and students' ability to utilize that content in a more flexible manner to support problem-solving. This edited volume includes research that focuses on examples of successful models and strategies for facilitating preservice and practicing teachers in implementing PBL practices in their current and future classrooms in a variety of K-12 settings and in content areas ranging from the humanities to the STEM disciplines. This collection grew out of a special issue of the Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning. It includes additional research and models of successful PBL implementation in K-12 teacher education and classroom settings.
eBook
Learning transfer in adult education
Learning transfer is the use of skills and knowledge acquired in one situation or setting in a different environment. It is, fundamentally, the point of education. By consciously building it into our curricula, syllabi, and practice, we can greatly enhance the likelihood that students will integrate their learning and their lives. This issue examines learning transfer across the breadth of adult education. The authors approach the question practically, looking at techniques such as experiential or problem-based learning and the use of classroom technology as well as the perspectives of brain research, the effects of race and culture, and the context and complications of personal change. Each chapter offers practitioners a thoughtful outlook that will help them plan for and implement learning transfer in their particular area of focus. This is 137th volume of the Jossey-Bass quarterly report series New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education. Noted for its depth of coverage, it explores issues of common interest to instructors, administrators, counselors, and policymakers in a broad range of adult and continuing education settings, such as colleges and universities, extension programs, businesses, libraries, and museums.
eBook
Learning transfer in adult education
Learning transfer is the use of skills and knowledge acquired in one situation or setting in a different environment. It is, fundamentally, the point of education. By consciously building it into our curricula, syllabi, and practice, we can greatly enhance the likelihood that students will integrate their learning and their lives. This issue examines learning transfer across the breadth of adult education. The authors approach the question practically, looking at techniques such as experiential or problem-based learning and the use of classroom technology as well as the perspectives of brain research, the effects of race and culture, and the context and complications of personal change. Each chapter offers practitioners a thoughtful outlook that will help them plan for and implement learning transfer in their particular area of focus. This is 137 th volume of the Jossey-Bass quarterly report series New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education. Noted for its depth of coverage, it explores issues of common interest to instructors, administrators, counselors, and policymakers in a broad range of adult and continuing education settings, such as colleges and universities, extension programs, businesses, libraries, and museums.
eBook
Towards Active Evidence-Based Learning in Engineering Education: A Systematic Literature Review of PBL, PjBL, and CBL
Implementing active learning methods in engineering education is becoming the new norm and is seen as a prerequisite to prepare future engineers not only for their professional life, but also to tackle global issues. Teachers at higher education institutions are expected and encouraged to introduce their students to active learning experiences, such as problem-, project-, and more recently, challenge-based learning. Teachers have to shift from more traditional teacher-centered education to becoming instructional designers of student-centered education. However, instructional designers (especially novice) often interpret and adapt even well-established methods, such as problem-based learning and project-based learning, such that the intended value thereof risks being weakened. When it comes to more recent educational settings or frameworks, such as challenge-based learning, the practices are not well established yet, so there might be even more experimentation with implementation, especially drawing inspiration from other active learning methods. By conducting a systematic literature analysis of research on problem-based learning, project-based learning, and challenge-based learning, the present paper aims to shed more light on the different steps of instructional design in implementing the three methods. Based on the analysis and synthesis of empirical findings, the paper explores the instructional design stages according to the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) model and provides recommendations for teacher practitioners.
Journal Article
Countering vaccine misinformation: Designing a learning resource for healthcare workers in eight countries
In response to the pervasive challenges posed by online health misinformation, our objective was to develop a training program aimed at enhancing the skills and confidence of healthcare workers in recognizing and effectively responding to misinformation, with a particular focus on vaccinations. This article discusses the design of a training program aimed at equipping healthcare workers with the skills to combat health misinformation, offering theoretical foundations for integrating evidence-based strategies into problem-based learning to help learners retain and apply information, and also shares examples and insights gained from its application across diverse learner groups. The training curriculum integrates evidence-based misinformation intervention strategies, learner engagement strategies and draws from authentic scenarios across diverse cultural contexts. The trainings were administered from January through July 2023 to 287 participants across eight countries (Cameroon, Guyana, India, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Philippines, and the United States) in English, French, Spanish, and Portuguese.
Throughout the implementation of the training, a key emphasis was placed on a learner-driven approach that fostered real-world application. Participants engaged in role-playing exercises and problem-solving sessions, enabling them to practice their newfound skills in a controlled setting. Our findings contribute to the literature of participatory, problem-based learning for healthcare professionals and vaccine communication and misinformation response, and can serve as a resource for practitioners implementing similar trainings.
Journal Article
Pre-clinical remote undergraduate medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic: a survey study
Background
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated a sudden transition to remote learning in medical schools. We aimed to assess perceptions of remote learning among pre-clinical medical students and subsequently to identify pros and cons of remote learning, as well as uncover gaps to address in ongoing curricular development.
Methods
A survey was distributed to first- and second-year medical students at the University of California San Diego School of Medicine in March 2020. Frequencies of responses to structured multiple-choice questions were compared regarding impacts of remote learning on quality of instruction and ability to participate, value of various remote learning resources, living environment, and preparedness for subsequent stages of training. Responses to open-ended questions about strengths and weaknesses of the remote curriculum and overall reflections were coded for thematic content.
Results
Of 268 students enrolled, 104 responded (53.7% of first-year students and 23.9% of second-year students). Overall, students felt that remote learning had negatively affected the quality of instruction and their ability to participate. Most (64.1%) preferred the flexibility of learning material at their own pace. Only 25.5% of respondents still felt connected to the medical school or classmates, and feelings of anxiety and isolation were noted negatives of remote learning. Most second-year students (56.7%) felt their preparation for the United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 exam was negatively affected, and 43.3% felt unprepared to begin clerkships. In narrative responses, most students appreciated the increased flexibility of remote learning, but they also identified several deficits that still need to be addressed, including digital fatigue, decreased ability to participate, and lack of clinical skills, laboratory, and hands-on learning.
Conclusions
Videocasted lectures uploaded in advance, electronic health record and telehealth training for students, and training for teaching faculty to increase technological fluency may be considered to optimize remote learning curricula.
Journal Article
The Classroom Discourse Observation Protocol (CDOP): A quantitative method for characterizing teacher discourse moves in undergraduate STEM learning environments
We describe the development and validation of a new instrument, the Classroom Discourse Observation Protocol (CDOP), which quantifies teacher discourse moves (TDMs) from observational data in undergraduate STEM classrooms. TDMs can be conceptualized as epistemic tools that can mediate classroom discussions. Through an inductive-deductive coding process, we identified commonly occurring TDMs among a group of biology instructors (n = 13, 37 class session) teaching in Active Learning Environments. We describe the CDOP coding scheme and its associated matrix that allows observers to reliably characterize TDMs in 2-min time intervals over the course of a class period. We present the protocol, discuss how it differs from existing classroom observation protocols, and describe the process by which it was developed and validated. Also, we show how this protocol is able to discriminate the discursive practices of instructors teaching in undergraduate STEM learning environments with sample qualitative and quantitative results that illustrate its utility for assessing and improving STEM instructional practices.
Journal Article