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Out of left field
In 1957, inspired by what she is learning about civil rights and armed with knowledge of female ball players, ten-year-old Katy Gordon fights to be allowed to play Little League baseball.
Book
Statistical analysis of winning percentages in Japanese professional baseball using the Wins above Replacement indicator
This study examines a previously unexplored concept in the field of sabermetrics. By employing a novel correction that accounts for player position differences, it investigates the impact of the designated hitter (DH) system on team wins in Japanese professional baseball using the Wins above Replacement metric. We applied this innovative correction to Pacific League data from 2014 to 2023, accounting for positional differences in player contributions. Our results indicate no significant difference in the correlation coefficients between team average wins above replacement (WAR) and winning percentage under conditions including and excluding the DH position, suggesting that the DH system does not substantially impact team performance. These findings offer a nuanced understanding of the DH system’s role in baseball strategy and team dynamics.
Journal Article
BALLPARK PHYSICS
The rules of baseball are quite particular, but the regulations governing the shape of Major League Baseball (MLB) parks are surprisingly flexible. According to Section 2.01 of the MLB rule book, \"The distance from home base to the nearest fence, stand or other obstruction on fair territory shall be 250 feet or more. A distance of 320 feet or more along the foul lines, and 400 feet or more to center field is preferable.\" Preferable! That single word has allowed owners and architects to shape their outfields to take advantage of their environments and their teams' strengths, making each stadium distinct. Baseball fans recognize differences between, for example, Fenway Park in Boston and Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles, and understand the advantages and disadvantages for players in each ballpark. Park design directly influences gameplay. Right-handed hitters tend to pull the ball to left field; lefties like to pull to right. Power hitters prefer pitches that break toward them, which are most often thrown by pitchers who have the opposite dominant hand as the batter.
Journal Article
The Relationship Between Watching Baseball Games at a Home Stadium and Team Identification With Subjective Well‐Being Among Middle‐Aged and Older Baseball Fans
This study examined the relationship between attending baseball games at a home stadium and team identification (including role team identification, group team identification, and fan community identification) with a professional Japanese baseball team, as well as subjective well-being (comprising positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction) among middle-aged and older fans of the Chunichi Dragons.
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted to collect data from 675 Japanese middle-aged and older fans of the Chunichi Dragons (334 men and 341 women; mean age = 59.34 ± 10.79 years) residing in any of three Tokai prefectures (Aichi, Gifu, and Mie). The analysis items included the frequency of attending baseball games at the Vantelin Dome Nagoya (VDN), overall satisfaction with watching baseball games at VDN, team identification, and subjective well-being.
Regression analysis revealed an inverted U-shaped curvilinear relationship between life satisfaction and role team identification (squared term
= -0.092,
= 0.039), a positive relationship between fan community identification and life satisfaction (
= 0.278,
< 0.001), and a positive relationship between group team identification and negative affect (
= 0.240,
< 0.001). General satisfaction with watching baseball games at VDN was related to life satisfaction (
= 0.112,
= 0.043), positive affect (
= 0.138,
< 0.001), and negative affect (
= -0.079,
= 0.042); however, the frequency of attending baseball games at VDN was not associated with subjective well-being.
Spectator satisfaction was positively associated with subjective well-being, whereas the relationship between team identification and subjective well-being varies based on the types of team identification.
Journal Article
The impact of national culture, altruism, and risk preference on salaries: The case of the Major League Baseball
Based on the longitudinal data of 30 Major League Baseball (MLB) teams over seasons from 2017 to 2020, we used random effect (RE) models to conduct regression analyses on the detailed data of pitchers and fielders. Cultural distance (CD) was measured in terms of Hofstede’s cultural indicators and Global Preference Survey (GPS) data. The results showed that salary premiums for foreign MLB players existed and CD was significantly positively correlated with salaries. Further, the risk preference (/altruism) difference between foreign pitchers and American pitchers was significantly positively (/negatively) correlated with the salaries of foreign pitchers. Salary estimation data showed that the salary premium was nearly 20% for players from South Korea and Panama, the lowest (only 0.11%) for players from Australia, and only 6.13% for players from Dominican Republic (accounting for the largest proportion of foreign MLB players), indicating that the MLB’s foreign player recruitment policy is correct.
Journal Article
Matching and Winning? The Impact of Upper and Middle Managers on Firm Performance in Major League Baseball
We investigate the joint impact of managers at different hierarchical levels on firm performance in Major League Baseball. We separately quantify the contribution of upper and middle managers and the impact of their
match quality
—the degree to which managers cooperate effectively across layers to impact firm success. We establish that match quality is a statistically significant and economically meaningful driver of firm performance. Higher-quality managers tend to be matched together across levels and achieve higher match quality during their joint employment. Match quality does not improve over the length of a joint employment spell, but lower match quality is found in pairs with more divergent educational attainment and prior strategic approaches. Hence, match quality is partly innate, and manager pairings may have difficulty improving their cooperation through learning. When we control for match quality, we find significantly lower estimates of heterogeneity in manager ability compared with commonly used estimators of managerial impact. Still, both middle and upper managers retain a meaningful impact on firm performance.
This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
Journal Article
Revenge or Gratitude? Major League Baseball Pitchers' Performance against Previous Teams
Professional athletes often change teams throughout the course of their careers. A common belief in sport is that players desire to have exceptionally better performances against teams that they have previously played for. The purpose of the current study was to investigate if there is support for the belief that athletes compete better against teams they have previously played for. We compared 229 major league baseball pitchers' career performance statistics to performance statistics against teams they have previously played for using paired sample t-tests. Our analysis of major league baseball pitchers indicated that they played significantly better against former teams as indicated by nine common pitcher performance metrics: Earned run average, opponents' batting average, walks plus hits per inning, opponents' on-base percentage, opponents' slugging average, opponents' on-base percentage plus slugging, strike-outs per nine innings pitched, walks per nine innings pitched, and hits per nine innings pitched. Evidence suggests that baseball pitchers perform better against teams they have previously played for compared against teams with no prior affiliation. Advanced sports analytics could help demonstrate psychological effects in sport.
Journal Article
Editorial Board Member: Seth L. Laver
Seth suggests that while his legal team does not literally save lives, for the professionals he represents, he and his colleagues provide a valued and needed level of service during what can be a challenging time: \"Professionals devote decades to building a reputation and developing a brand. In addition to his recent post on the ABA's editorial board, he is the chair-elect of the TIPS Professional Liability Insurance Committee. In addition to his work for the ABA, over nearly a decade of involvement, Seth has held nearly every position in the DRI Professional Liability Committee.
Journal Article