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"Project Voyager."
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Voyager probes : robots on an interstellar mission
Describes the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 robotic probes that were launched in 1977, discussing the data they have sent back and plans for their future use.
Book
No meridional plasma flow in the heliosheath transition region
The radially outward flow of plasma from the Sun is expected to be deflected when it meets the flow of interstellar plasma through which the Solar System moves, but the spacecraft Voyager 1 unexpectedly finds that the deflected, meridional, flow is consistent with zero within the transition region.
Voyager 1's roll in the heliosheath
The Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft are now deep into the heliosheath, the most distant layer of the heliosphere, where the solar wind (a stream of charged particles ejected from the Sun) is still evident but is much slowed by the pressure of interstellar gas. Both Vikings are still sending back data and this paper reports the results of recent manoeuvres in which — after holding a steady course for 25 years — Voyager 1 was periodically rotated through 70° to allow the probe's charged-particle detectors to test predictions from magnetohydrodynamic models that the heliosheath's initially radial flow was being deflected polewards, towards meridional flow. Five such rolls have been completed, the last one on 30 January this year, and the results of the experiment are surprising. The meridional-flow velocity is low — almost zero — suggesting that Voyager 1 is not yet close to the heliopause, the theorectical point where the solar wind slows to a standstill.
Over a two-year period, Voyager 1 observed a gradual slowing-down of radial plasma flow in the heliosheath to near-zero velocity
1
after April 2010 at a distance of 113.5 astronomical units from the Sun (1 astronomical unit equals 1.5 × 10
8
kilometres). Voyager 1 was then about 20 astronomical units beyond the shock that terminates the free expansion of the solar wind and was immersed in the heated non-thermal plasma region called the heliosheath. The expectation from contemporary simulations
2
,
3
was that the heliosheath plasma would be deflected from radial flow to meridional flow (in solar heliospheric coordinates), which at Voyager 1 would lie mainly on the (locally spherical) surface called the heliopause. This surface is supposed to separate the heliosheath plasma, which is of solar origin, from the interstellar plasma, which is of local Galactic origin. In 2011, the Voyager project began occasional temporary re-orientations of the spacecraft (totalling about 10–25 hours every 2 months) to re-align the Low-Energy Charged Particle instrument on board Voyager 1 so that it could measure meridional flow. Here we report that, contrary to expectations, these observations yielded a meridional flow velocity of +3 ± 11 km s
−1
, that is, one consistent with zero within statistical uncertainties.
Journal Article
Journey to Uranus
Readers will explore Uranus, its place in the solar system, how it formed, its curious sideways rotation, its rocky moons, and much more.
Book
Learn more about the Voyager space probes from Dr. Michelle Thaller of NASA
How NASA's Voyager Program Got Its Start. Interview with NASA scientist Dr. Michelle Thaller.
Streaming Video
Uranus
An introduction to the planet Uranus including the environment on Uranus, it's location in our solar system, how it was formed, and how we have explored it over the years.
Book
Voyager
Discusses mission of NASA space probes Voyager I and II, both launched in 1977, to explore Jupiter and Saturn. The Cassini-Huygens mission to Saturn, launched in 1997, built on the work of the Voyager probes and provided more in-depth scientific information about Saturn's rings and its moon Titan. The two Voyager crafts are now leaving the solar system, headed for interstellar space.
Streaming Video
Radio telescope
NASA developed Radio Telescopes in the 1950s in order to facilitate communication between their space probes and Ground Control.
Streaming Video
Voyager
The two Voyager probes allowed us a clearer picture of the solar systemʼs giant planet, Jupiter, and of Saturnʼs rings.
Streaming Video
In short. Episode 49, The Voyagers
Episode 49 – Voyager: The two Voyager probes allowed us a clearer picture of the solar system's giant planet, Jupiter, and of Saturn's rings.
Streaming Video