Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
4,912
result(s) for
"Psychiatric problems"
Sort by:
Be-liev-a-rex-ic
An autobiographical novel in which fifteen-year-old Jennifer Johnson convinces her parents to commit her to the Eating Disorders Unit of an upstate New York psychiatric hospital in 1988, where the treatment for her bulimia and anorexia is not what she expects.
Book
Impact of Bullying in Childhood on Adult Health, Wealth, Crime, and Social Outcomes
Bullying is a serious problem for schools, parents, and public-policymakers alike. Bullying creates risks of health and social problems in childhood, but it is unclear if such risks extend into adulthood. A large cohort of children was assessed for bullying involvement in childhood and then followed up in young adulthood in an assessment of health, risky or illegal behavior, wealth, and social relationships. Victims of childhood bullying, including those that bullied others (bully-victims), were at increased risk of poor health, wealth, and social-relationship outcomes in adulthood even after we controlled for family hardship and childhood psychiatric disorders. In contrast, pure bullies were not at increased risk of poor outcomes in adulthood once other family and childhood risk factors were taken into account. Being bullied is not a harmless rite of passage but throws a long shadow over affected people's lives. Interventions in childhood are likely to reduce long-term health and social costs.
Journal Article
Associations of antenatal glucocorticoid exposure with mental health in children
Synthetic glucocorticoids, to enhance fetal maturation, are a standard treatment when preterm birth before 34 gestational weeks is imminent. While morbidity- and mortality-related benefits may outweigh potential neurodevelopmental harms in children born preterm (<37 gestational weeks), this may not hold true when pregnancy continues to term (⩾37 gestational weeks). We studied the association of antenatal betamethasone exposure on child mental health in preterm and term children.
We included 4708 women and their children, born 2006-2010, from the Prediction and Prevention of Pre-eclampsia and Intrauterine Growth Restriction Study with information on both antenatal betamethasone treatment and child mental and behavioral disorders from the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register from the child's birth to 31 December 2016. Additional follow-up data on mother-reported psychiatric problems and developmental milestones were available for 2640 children at 3.5 (s.d. = 0.07) years-of-age.
Of the children, 187 were born preterm (61 betamethasone-exposed) and 4521 at term (56 betamethasone-exposed). The prevalence of any mental and behavioral, psychological development, emotional and behavioral, and comorbid disorders was higher in the betamethasone-exposed, compared to non-exposed children [odds ratio 2.76 (95% confidence interval 1.76-4.32), 3.61 (2.19-5.95), 3.29 (1.86-5.82), and 6.04 (3.25-11.27), respectively]. Levels of psychiatric problems and prevalence of failure to meet the age-appropriate development in personal-social skills were also higher in mother-reports of betamethasone-exposed children. These associations did not vary significantly between preterm and term children.
Antenatal betamethasone exposure may be associated with mental health problems in children born preterm and in those who end up being born at term.
Journal Article
Positive maternal mental health during pregnancy and psychiatric problems in children from early childhood to late childhood
Negative maternal mental health during pregnancy increases the risk of psychiatric problems in children, but research on the potential benefits of positive maternal mental health during pregnancy is scarce. We investigated associations between positive maternal mental health composite score, based on reports of maternal positive affect, curiosity, and social support during pregnancy, and children’s psychiatric problems (Child Behavior Checklist) at ages 1.9−5.9 and 7.1−12.1 years among 2636 mother–child dyads of the Prediction and Prevention of Preeclampsia and Intrauterine Growth Restriction study. For each standard deviation higher positive maternal mental health score during pregnancy, total psychiatric problems were 1.37 (95% confidence interval (CI) −1.79,−0.95) t-scores lower in early childhood and 1.75 (95% CI −2.24,−1.26) t-scores lower in late childhood. These associations were independent of covariates and of negative maternal mental health. Total psychiatric problems remained stably lower from early childhood to late childhood in children of mothers with higher positive mental health during pregnancy, whereas they increased in children of mothers with lower positive mental health. Positive maternal mental health in child’s late childhood partially mediated the effects of positive maternal mental health during pregnancy on children’s psychiatric problems. Supporting positive maternal mental health may benefit mothers and children.
Journal Article
Rapid Mental Health Nursing
A concise, pocket-sized, A-Z rapid reference handbook on all the essential areas of mental health nursing, aimed at nursing students and newly qualified practitioners.-Covers a broad range of mental health disorders, approaches interventions and conditions -Easy to locate practical information quickly in a pocket sized, rapid reference format -The topics and structure are mapped on to the NMC's (2010) Standards for Pre-registration Nursing Education and their required essential skills and knowledge.
eBook
Severe nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: psychiatric and cognitive problems and brain structure in children
Background
Two studies have suggested that severe prolonged nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is associated with emotional and behavioral problems in offspring, with smaller sample size and short-term follow-up. Moreover, little information is available on the role of the brain structure in the associations.
Methods
In a US-based cohort, the association was investigated between severe prolonged nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (extending after the second trimester and termed SNVP), psychiatric and cognitive problems, and brain morphology, from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, from 10,710 children aged 9–11 years. We validated the emotional including psychiatric findings using the Danish National Cohort Study with 2,092,897 participants.
Results
SNVP was significantly associated with emotional and psychiatric problems (
t
= 8.89, Cohen’s
d
= 0.172,
p
= 6.9 × 10
−19
) and reduced global cognitive performance (
t
= − 4.34,
d
= − 0.085,
p
= 1.4 × 10
−5
) in children. SNVP was associated with low cortical area and volume, especially in the cingulate cortex, precuneus, and superior medial prefrontal cortex. These lower cortical areas and volumes significantly mediated the relation between SNVP and the psychiatric and cognitive problems in children. In the Danish National Cohort, severe nausea and vomiting in pregnancy were significantly associated with increased risks of behavioral and emotional disorders in children (hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–1.33).
Conclusions
SNVP is strongly associated with psychiatric and cognitive problems in children, with mediation by brain structure. These associations highlight the clinical importance and potential benefits of the treatment of SNVP, which could reduce the risk of psychiatric disorder in the next generation.
Journal Article
Residential greenness associate with psychiatric problem and physical–psychological multimorbidity among 6900 Chinese middle-aged and older adults
Psychological problem and physical–psychological multimorbidity is rising among middle-aged and older adults in China. Whether residential greenness, air pollution and systemic inflammation jointly influence psychiatric outcomes remains unclear. Using a retrospective cross-sectional design based on 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data, we investigated the link between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and psychiatric problems/comorbidities, and evaluated the roles of ambient pollutants (PM₂.₅, PM₁₀) and the inflammatory biomarker C-reactive protein (CRP). The final sample included 6900 adults aged ≥ 45 years. Key findings revealed that a 0.1-unit increase in NDVI was associated with an 18% lower risk of psychiatric problems (OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.68–0.97, P = 0.024) and a 19% lower risk of physical–psychological multimorbidity (OR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.67–0.99, P = 0.035). Conversely, each unit increase in PM₂.₅ and PM₁₀ was linked to a 1% higher risk of psychiatric problems (PM₂.₅: OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00–1.02, P = 0.033; PM₁₀: OR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.02, P = 0.042) and multimorbidity (PM₂.₅: OR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.03, P = 0.048; PM₁₀: OR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.02, P = 0.052). Inflammatory marker analysis showed that a 10-unit increase in CRP was associated with a 20% higher risk of psychiatric problems (OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.04–1.39, P = 0.013) and a 22% higher risk of comorbidities (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.06–1.42, P = 0.007). Pathway analysis confirmed no significant evidence of mediation effects of PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, or CRP on the association between NDVI and physical–psychological multimorbidity. Cross-sectional analyses indicate an inverse association between residential greenness and psychiatric morbidity, yet longitudinal or interventional evidence is required to establish the clinical significance of this relationship and to determine whether air pollution or inflammation represents a causal mediator before findings can guide policy or practice.
Journal Article
Changes in mental health service use among 8-year-old children: a 24-year time-trend study
The use of children’s mental health services has increased, but most children with psychiatric problems are still not in contact with these services. This time-trend study assessed changes in considered and reported service use over a 24-year period and studied the factors associated with it using four cross-sectional studies. Information was gathered on 8-year-old children living in the area covered by Turku University Hospital, Finland, at four time points: 986 children in 1989, 891 in 1999, 930 in 2005, and 942 in 2013. The same study design, methods and school districts were used each year and the participation rates varied between 86 and 95%. Parents and teachers completed questionnaires concerning the child’s psychiatric symptoms and service use. The considered and reported service use increased continuously during the study period. In 1989, 2.4% of children had used services and in 2013 this was 11.0% (OR 5.0, 95% CI 3.1–8.0). Reported service use also increased among children with comorbid problems, from 18.3 to 50.7% (OR 5.0, 95% CI 2.1–12.0). Psychiatric problems and some family factors were associated with service use, but the increase was not explained by these factors. The increase in child mental health service use may reflect better public awareness of mental health problems, fewer barriers to accessing care and decrease of stigma. Although more children are using mental health services, there are still a large number of children with mental health problems who have not been in contact with services.
Journal Article
Prevalence and associated factors of psychiatric problems in children aged 6–18 years with type-1 diabetes mellitus in Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Background
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic illnesses in children with multiple psychosocial, economic and developmental effects. Psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, psychological distress, and eating disorders are more common in diabetic patients than the non-diabetic once. The main objective of our study was to assess Prevalence and associated factors of psychiatric problems in children aged 6–18 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Gondar, Ethiopia.
Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 206 children aged 6–18 years with type-1 diabetes mellitus having regular follow-ups at the University of Gondar comprehensive and Specialized Hospital (UoGCSH) over three three-month period. Data was collected by trained physicians using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. Convenient sampling technique was applied and Participants were selected sequentially until the sample size was achieved. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used for Model fitness and the strength of association was determined using an OR, p-value of < 0.05 and 95% CI.
Results
The prevalence of psychiatric problems was 11.7% and those children living with only either of the parent (AOR = 8.39, 95%: 1.5–46), living with other relatives (AOR = 11.3, 95% CI: 1.97–64.7), more than 5 family size (AOR = 0.3, 95%CI: 0.1–1.2), fathers attended formal education (AOR = 0.3, 95%: 0.04–1.73), a patient having good glycemic control (AOR = 0.2, 95%: 0.04–0.67) and those with a family history of diabetes mellitus(AOR = 5.2, 95% CI: 1.2–22.1) were significantly associated with a psychiatric problem in diabetic aged 6–18 years with
p-
value < 0.05.
Conclusion
The prevalence of psychiatric problems in diabetic children was significantly high and children living with single parent, paternal educational status, glycemic control, family history of diabetes, and family size were found to have significant association with the occurrence of psychiatric problems in diabetic children.
Journal Article
Associations between psychological symptoms in adolescence and debts or experienced financial scarcity in emerging adulthood
Patients with psychiatric disorders are more likely to experience financial difficulties. Yet, there is limited knowledge about the longitudinal relationship between psychopathology in adolescence and debts or experienced financial scarcity in emerging adulthood.
We aimed to examine whether distinct types of psychological symptoms in mid-adolescence precede the occurrence of unsecured debts and experienced financial scarcity in emerging adulthood.
Data from a Dutch adolescent cohort (
= 659, 53.9% female) oversampled on the risk of psychopathology was used. Psychological symptoms were self-reported at baseline (mean age 14.80 years, s.d. = 0.79), using the Youth Self-Report and the Prodromal Questionnaire-16. At follow-up (mean age 17.95 years, s.d. = 0.80), adolescents reported presence of unsecured debts and completed the Psychological Inventory of Financial Scarcity. Logistic and linear regression analyses were applied, adjusting for the baseline characteristics of sex, age, ethnic background, parental psychopathology and household income as an indicator of family socioeconomic status.
More attention-deficit/hyperactivity problems (adjusted odds ratio 1.15, 95 CI% 1.04-1.27), oppositional defiant problems (adjusted odds ratio 1.17, 95 CI% 1.00-1.35) and psychotic experiences (adjusted odds ratio 1.10, 95 CI% 1.01-1.21) at age 15 years were associated with unsecured debts at age 18 years. Depressive, anxiety, somatic and conduct problems were not associated with later unsecured debts. Depressive, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity, oppositional defiant, conduct problems and psychotic experiences at age 15 years were associated with increased experienced financial scarcity at age 18 years.
Psychological symptoms during mid-adolescence precede both objective and subjective financial difficulties when entering adulthood. Integrating financial education into prevention efforts could potentially provide significant long-term benefits, particularly for those with mental health problems.
Journal Article