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"Psycholinguistics Qatar"
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Suicidal behavior in a migrant majority population and impact on trends during the early Covid-19 period: a cross sectional study in Qatar
Background
Qatar is a high-income country with 90% of the population being economic migrants from low income countries. Due to this unique population composition, it has been suggested that Qatar may not follow suicide trends of high-income countries. Additionally, there is paucity of information on suicidal trends and rates due to social and cultural reasons. The Covid-19 pandemic has additionally impacted mental health of migrants differently form native Qataris.
Objectives
This study explores suicidal behavior trends among individuals attending the main Emergency Department in the state of Qatar for mental health emergencies. The study also compared these trends for pre-pandemic period to early post pandemic period.
Methods
A cross-sectional study of individuals attending the main emergency department of the country from 1st December 2019 to 30th June 2020 was carried out using a composite data collection form. This identified 799 individuals presenting with mental health emergencies. Suicidal behaviors, relevant sociodemographic data, along with factors known to be associated with suicidal behaviors were collected for this group.
Results
24.9% (n = 199) of the sample presented with suicidal behaviors. Younger age (31.16 ± 9.497), current hopelessness (70; 54.7%), history of suicidal thoughts (50; 47.2%), history of suicidal attempts (43; 34.7%), history of self-harm thoughts (35; 39.3%), history of self-harm attempts (41; 37.6%) were highly significantly associated with suicidal behavior (
p
< 0.01). Qataris formed 27% of the group presenting with suicidal behaviors although they constitute only around 10% of the population. There was no significant change in the rate of presenting with suicidal behaviors during the early stages of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Conclusions
This study reports an annual incidence of suicidal behaviors in Qatar lower than that has been previously reported. The authors surmise that this may be due to improved availability and early intervention of mental health services and decreased stigma around mental health.
Journal Article
Factors associated with depression and anxiety in the adult population of Qatar after the first COVID-19 wave: a cross-sectional study
There is limited data from Arabic-speaking countries on risk factors for depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Country-specific data is necessary given differences in culture, demographics, and COVID-19 infection and mortality rates. The main purpose of the study is to identify the factors associated with symptoms of depression-anxiety in the adult population of Qatar during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Qatar between July and December 2020 after Qatar’s first COVID-19 wave and before the beginning of the second wave. Depression-anxiety was defined as a cut-off of 20 or higher on the Patient Health Questionnaire-Anxiety Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS). Of 1138 participants, 71.0% were female, 69.0% Arabs, 70.0% Non-Qataris, and 77.0% were < 40 years (the median age in Qatar is 32 years). In a fully-adjusted model, six variables were significantly associated with moderate-to-severe levels of depression or anxiety on the PHQ-ADS; Arab ethnicity (OR = 1.67, p = 0.026), never married versus married (OR = 1.69, p = 0.015), prior history of psychiatric disorder versus no history (OR = 1.80, p = 0.009), increased worries due to social media use for COVID-related news/updates (OR = 1.72, p = 0.003), a history of COVID-19 (OR = 1.76, p = 0.039), loneliness (OR = 1.91, p < 0.001), and lower levels of religiosity (OR = 0.96, p = 0.039). These associations also pertained in the reduced model, with the exception of religiosity which was only marginally statistically significant (OR = 0.97, p = 0.055). The potential risk factors identified may assist with anxiety and depression prevention in future COVID-19 waves, and similar national events, and assist with early intervention to treat sufferers.
Journal Article
Strategies deemed important by frontline healthcare providers for their mental wellbeing during first wave of COVID-19 pandemic
Background
Global research so far has demonstrated a significant psychological impact on frontline healthcare workers and the need to support them. Mitigation strategies are vital to ensure psychological wellbeing of healthcare workers and should take healthcare workers experiences and views into consideration. However, qualitative research on this topic has been limited from the Arab world and we set out to fill this research gap. The objective was to understand participants’ emotional experiences and identify their valued aspects of support, to inform potential mitigation strategies for their psychological wellbeing.
Methods
Content analysis of free-text comments of a web-based survey of healthcare workers associated with the COVID-19 designated hospital and quarantine sites in Qatar, during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Extracts and phrases were used to identify potential themes, with relevant quotes gathered within identified themes.
Results
A total of 779 staff members were invited to participate in this study and 286 responded. The results indicate that strategies around infection control practice, personal protective equipment, SARS-CoV-2 testing, workload, financial compensation, religion, psychological support and engaged leadership are deemed important by frontline healthcare workers to maintain their mental wellbeing.
Conclusions
Mitigating factors identified by healthcare workers to protect their psychological wellbeing should inform the organizational strategy. Resources which enhance mental wellbeing should be easily and consistently available to all staff.
Journal Article