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"Public mental health"
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REACH for mental health in the COVID19 pandemic: an urgent call for public health action
Our submission is responsive to the urgent need for public mental health action prompted by the escalating COVID-19 pandemic. In it, we review the evidence calling for urgent public mental health action, propose a mental health equivalent fo the World Health Organization's 'Do the Five' concept, and describe the 'REACH for Mental Health' public health measure we have launched at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
Journal Article
Community interventions for improving adult mental health: mapping local policy and practice in England
Background
Public mental health (PMH) aims to improve wellbeing and prevent poor mental health at the population level. It is a global challenge and a UK priority area for action. Communities play an important role in the provision of PMH interventions. However, the evidence base concerning community-based PMH interventions is limited, meaning it is challenging to compare service provision to need. Without this, the efficient and equitable provision of services is hindered. Here, we sought to map the current range of community-based interventions for improving mental health and wellbeing currently provided in England to inform priority areas for policy and service intervention.
Method
We adopted an established mapping exercise methodology, comparing service provision with demographic and deprivation statistics. Five local authority areas of England were selected based on differing demographics, mental health needs and wider challenging circumstances (i.e. high deprivation). Community-based interventions were identified through: 1) desk-based research 2) established professional networks 3) chain-referral sampling of individuals involved in local mental health promotion and prevention and 4) peer researchers’ insight. We included all community-based, non-clinical interventions aimed at adult residents operating between July 2019 and May 2020.
Results
407 interventions were identified across the five areas addressing 16 risk/protective factors for PMH. Interventions for social isolation and loneliness were most prevalent, most commonly through social activities and/or befriending services. The most common subpopulations targeted were older adults and people from minority ethnic backgrounds. Interventions focusing on broader structural and environmental determinants were uncommon. There was some evidence of service provision being tailored to local need, though this was inconsistent, meaning some at-risk groups such as men or LGBTQ+ people from minority ethnic backgrounds were missed. Interventions were not consistently evaluated.
Conclusions
There was evidence of partial responsiveness to national and local prioritising. Provision was geared mainly towards addressing social and individual determinants of PMH, suggesting more integration is needed to engage wider service providers and policy-makers in PMH strategy and delivery at the community level. The lack of comprehensive evaluation of services to improve PMH needs to be urgently addressed to determine the extent of their effectiveness in communities they serve.
Journal Article
Managing your mind : the mental fitness guide
\"Managing Your Mind is a book for building resilience, overcoming emotional difficulties and enabling self-development. It is for any of us who wish to understand ourselves better, to be more effective in day-to-day life, to overcome current problems; or who want to support others in these tasks. The authors have between them almost 100 years of experience helping people respond skillfully to life's challenges. Drawing on this experience as well as on cutting-edge scientific research, Managing Your Mind distills effective techniques and ideas, enabling readers to select those that suit their preferences and needs. Part One of the book helps us gain a better understanding of ourselves and provides tools for clarifying what we value most in life. It highlights the benefits of the practice of acceptance and kindness, and shows how to build self-esteem and self-confidence. Part Two presents practical tools and methods, relevant to everyone, for making our way in the world. This includes the importance of perspective and how we can best use our thinking skills. It also covers everyday topics such as the value of useful habits, time management, looking after our physical health, increasing happiness, well-being and creativity, and developing and maintaining good relationships. The third part of the book provides scientifically-tested approaches to overcoming specific emotional difficulties, such as worry, panic, low mood, anger, addictions, and coping with trauma, loss and chronic ill health. With well over 150,000 copies in print, Managing Your Mind remains the definitive self-help guide for anyone seeking to lead a more fulfilling and productive life.\"-- Provided by publisher.
BOOK
Evidence Synthesis of Digital Interventions to Mitigate the Negative Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Public Mental Health: Rapid Meta-review
Accumulating evidence suggests the COVID-19 pandemic has negative effects on public mental health. Digital interventions that have been developed and evaluated in recent years may be used to mitigate the negative consequences of the pandemic. However, evidence-based recommendations on the use of existing telemedicine and internet-based (eHealth) and app-based mobile health (mHealth) interventions are lacking.
The aim of this study was to investigate the theoretical and empirical base, user perspective, safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of digital interventions related to public mental health provision (ie, mental health promotion, prevention, and treatment of mental disorders) that may help to reduce the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.
A rapid meta-review was conducted. The MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CENTRAL databases were searched on May 11, 2020. Study inclusion criteria were broad and considered systematic reviews and meta-analyses that investigated digital tools for health promotion, prevention, or treatment of mental health conditions and determinants likely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Overall, 815 peer-reviewed systematic reviews and meta-analyses were identified, of which 83 met the inclusion criteria. Our findings suggest that there is good evidence on the usability, safety, acceptance/satisfaction, and effectiveness of eHealth interventions. Evidence on mHealth apps is promising, especially if social components (eg, blended care) and strategies to promote adherence are incorporated. Although most digital interventions focus on the prevention or treatment of mental disorders, there is some evidence on mental health promotion. However, evidence on process quality, cost-effectiveness, and long-term effects is very limited.
There is evidence that digital interventions are particularly suited to mitigating psychosocial consequences at the population level. In times of physical distancing, quarantine, and restrictions on social contacts, decision makers should develop digital strategies for continued mental health care and invest time and efforts in the development and implementation of mental health promotion and prevention programs.
Journal Article
Public Mental Health Crisis during COVID-19 Pandemic, China
The 2019 novel coronavirus disease emerged in China in late 2019-early 2020 and spread rapidly. China has been implementing emergency psychological crisis interventions to reduce the negative psychosocial impact on public mental health, but challenges exist. Public mental health interventions should be formally integrated into public health preparedness and emergency response plans.
Journal Article
When someone you know has depression : words to say and things to do
\"Following on the success of Managing Your Depression, Susan Noonan's new book is for family members and friends of people with depression or bipolar disorder. A certified peer specialist at McLean Hospital (a comprehensive psychiatric hospital affiliated with Harvard University), Susan draws on her experiences providing support and education for those living with or caring for a person who has a mood disorder. A family member who has a mood disorder affects the entire family. Further, family members and close friends are often the first to recognize the subtle changes and symptoms of depression--and they are also the people who provide daily support to their loved ones, often at great personal price. Caring for someone with a mood disorder differs from caring for someone with a physical medical disorder, in ways that complicate the caregiving role. A concise and practical guide to the daily management of depression and bipolar depression written for the caregiver, the book explains how to reinforce lessons the patient has been taught in therapy, how to role model resilience skills, and how caregivers can and must care for themselves. It describes effective communication strategies and advises how to find appropriate professional help. Its many tables and worksheets convey much needed information in an accessible way. References, Resources, and a Glossary complete the package. Overall the book helps readers navigate the depression or biopolar disorder of someone close to them, providing readers with words to say and things to do as they try to help someone change the course of a sometimes confounding and often disabling illness\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Different uses of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory in public mental health research: what is their value for guiding public mental health policy and practice?
Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory is appealing as a conceptual tool for guiding public mental health interventions. However, his theory underwent significant changes since its first inception during the late 1970s until his death in 2005, due to which the implications that can be drawn might differ depending on what concepts (i.e. early or later) of the theory is utilized. The aim of this paper was to examine how different concepts of Bronfenbrenner’s theory have been utilized in (public) mental health research, and to analyse the value of these different uses for guiding public mental health policy and practice. A systematic search for articles that have utilized concepts of Bronfenbrenner’s theory within the field of mental health resulted in a review of 16 published papers. We found that one set of papers (N = 10) used the early concepts of ecological systems without investigating interactions between these systems, while another set of papers used the concepts of ecological systems by also investigating interactions within and between these systems (N = 4). Another limited set of papers (N = 2) utilized the later concepts of proximal processes and the PPCT model. Our results show that studies using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological system concepts by clearly considering interactions between and within these systems can result in recommendations that are most useful for guiding public mental health policy and practice.
Journal Article