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Purpose of Review Arterial pulse waveform analysis has a long tradition but has not pervaded medical routine yet. This review aims to answer the question whether the methodology is ready for prime time use. The current methodological consensus is assessed, existing technologies for waveform measurement and pulse wave analysis are discussed, and further needs for a widespread use are proposed. Recent Findings A consensus document on the understanding and analysis of the pulse waveform was published recently. Although still some discrepancies remain, the analysis using both pressure and flow waves is favoured. However, devices which enable pulse wave measurement are limited, and the comparability between devices is not sufficiently given. Summary Pulse waveform analysis has the potential for prime time. It is currently on a way towards broader use, but still needs to overcome challenges before settling its role in medical routine.

This study systematically investigates the influence of capacitor energy storage parameters on the energy utilization efficiency of the underwater electrochemical explosion process. By integrating spherical and cylindrical shock wave propagation models, the pulse shock wave energy under different capacitor energy storage levels was theoretically calculated and experimentally validated. The results indicate that the applicability of the shock wave propagation model depends on the distance and aquatic environment: the spherical model is more suitable for short-distance, deep-water conditions, whereas the cylindrical model performs better for long-distance or shallow-water conditions. Within the energy storage range of up to 100 J, increasing the capacitance significantly enhances both the pulse energy output and energy utilization efficiency. Specifically, as the stored energy increased from 13 J to 100 J, the shock wave energy rose from 0.051 J to 2.45 J, and the energy utilization rate improved from 0.39% to 2.45%. Nevertheless, the overall energy utilization efficiency remains below 10%. This study confirms that rationally configuring capacitor parameters can effectively regulate the discharge process, providing important experimental and theoretical support for optimizing energy utilization efficiency.

Underwater implosion is typically accompanied by intense shock wave energy. The investigation of its energy release mechanism is crucial for structural safety protection, marine environmental monitoring, ocean acoustic field analysis, and energy utilization. This study systematically examines the underwater implosion behavior of structures with different shapes and constraint states based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Realistic water conditions such as compressibility, viscosity, and turbulence are considered for simulation reliability guarantee. Various aspects are analyzed including collapse time, shock wave amplitude, and energy radiation directionality. The simulation results indicate that the implosion pulse amplitude increases with the initial size, approximately following a power‐law relationship, for spherical and cylindrical structures, either constrained or unconstrained. The implosion shock wave amplitude is sensitively affected by the internal air pressure of the structure. However, the fitting trend between structural size and pulse amplitude is almost comparable. In terms of energy radiation, different from the isotropic radiation pattern of spherical structures, cylindrical structures exhibit distinct directional energy radiation characteristic and vary with size and constraint conditions, attributed to variations in vorticity and pressure gradients, which modulate fluid velocity distribution. This study explores the implosion dynamics under different structural and constraint conditions, providing insights for analyzing implosion origin based on observations and advancing the utilization of implosion energy.

In this paper, a modified method named reconstructed carrier quasi-trapezoidal pulse width modulation (RC-qTPWM) is proposed to improve the DC voltage utilization ratio, decrease the line voltage total harmonic distortion (THD), and solve the power imbalance among H-bridge units. The modulation method is based on two steps. In the first step, the quasi-trapezoidal wave obtained by an intercepting sine wave is used as the modulation wave to improve the DC voltage utilization ratio. In the second step, the carrier arrangement of the phase disposition is reconstructed to achieve a power balance among the H-bridge units. Carrier reconstruction is achieved by shifting a single triangular carrier in the horizontal and vertical directions. Through simulation and theoretical analysis, the selection method of the optimal sine coefficient δ and the principle of the carrier reconstruction are expounded, which shows that the optimal sine coefficient δ is 0.58 and that the power balance can be achieved within 3 T c . When compared with conventional TPWM methods, this modulation method has a higher DC voltage utilization ratio, a better efficiency, a smaller line voltage, a reduced current THD, and better power balance performance. Experimental results verify the correctness of the simulation and theoretical analysis, and the feasibility of the RC-qTPWM method.