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Introduction A cure for osteoarthritis is unknown. However, lessen the discomfort and symptoms by implementing several lifestyle changes and therapies. Reducing discomfort, enhancing joint mobility, and halting more joint injury are the goals of therapy. Purpose To evaluate the combined effect of wax therapy, Ultrasound therapy, Interferential therapy, stretching and resisted exercises when compare to Pulsed shortwave diathermy and resisted exercise among bilateral osteoarthritis knee patients. Methods This was a randomized controlled trial conducted on participant aged above 45 with Bilateral knee osteoarthritis, in the Outpatient Physiotherapy Department, B.K.L Walawalkar Rural Medical Hospital, Sawarde, Maharastra. The outcome measure used were Visual Analoue Scale for pain, Goniometer for bilateral knee flexion and extension Range of Motion, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. Result There were significant improvements in the experimental group and control group in terms of the pre-test and post-test scores for the Pain by VAS ( p  = 0.000 < 0.05), average both knee flexion ROM by goniometry ( p  = 0.000 < 0.05), average both knee extension ROM by goniometry ( p  = 0.000 < 0.05), speed 50 Meters (in distance/time) ( p  = 0.000 < 0.05) and WOMAC by physiotherapy ( p  = 0.000 < 0.05). Conclusion The combined effect of Paraffin Wax Therapy, Ultrasound therapy, Interferential therapy, stretching, and resisted exercises in bilateral osteoarthritis knee patients significantly relieved the knee pain with increased knee flexion/extension range of motion, increased speed of walking for 50 m on floor and improved WOMAC Score when compare to pulsed shortwave diathermy with resisted exercises.

Background and Purpose Pulsed shortwave diathermy (PSWD) is a form of therapy commonly used to enhance tissue repair and reduce pain. It is normally considered to be an athermal form of treatment; however, there is some evidence to suggest that thermal effects can arise with adequate dosage. The purpose of this study was to determine the pulse repetition rate (PRR) required to generate a ‘possible’ and ‘definite’ thermal sensation when PSWD was applied to the thigh. Method Thirty healthy subjects were randomly assigned to placebo or treatment groups. The treatment group was exposed to PSWD at a constant setting of pulse duration (400 µs) and pulse power (190 W) while the PRR was increased from 26 Hz to 400 Hz in 10 increments. Each dose was applied for a period of two minutes. At the end of each application, subjects were asked if they felt a (1) ‘possible’ or (2) ‘definite’ thermal sensation. Skin temperature was measured immediately after each application. Placebo subjects were exposed to PSWD at its lowest settings throughout the experiment (pulse power = 5W; pulse duration = 65 µs and PRR = 26 Hz). Results The results showed a significant correlation (p<0.048) between PRR at ‘definite’ thermal sensation and skin temperature post‐treatment and PRR at ‘possible’ thermal sensation (p<0.001). Mean skin temperature increased significantly as PRR was increased, from 28.69 (±0.75) °C pre‐treatment to 31.14 (±1.04) °C post‐treatment, a mean difference of 2.34 °C. Conclusions These results suggest that PSWD at adequate dosages can generate thermal effects, and that there is a relationship between these thermal effects and the PRR used. These results may have significant implications for the safe use of PSWD in the clinical arena. Copyright © 2000 Whurr Publishers Ltd.