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"Pyramids"
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Mysteries of the Egyptian pyramids
Introduces readers to the myths, science, and technology surrounding the creation and exploration of the Egyptian pyramids.
Book
Fetal renal changes evaluation in pregnant women with fetal growth restriction
Background:Fetal kidneys appear as hypoechogenic, oval structures in the posterior midabdomen. As the kidney matures, the pelvicalyceal system becomes more apparent, and pyramids and a distinct capsule subsequently become apparent. The fetal kidneys become well developed at the 13thweek of gestation
Journal Article
Egyptian pyramids
\"Describes the pyramids of ancient Egypt, one of the ancient wonders of the world, including how and why they were built, the pharaohs who were buried inside, and what the ruins are like today\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Nile waterscapes facilitated the construction of the Giza pyramids during the 3rd millennium BCE
The pyramids of Giza originally overlooked a now defunct arm of the Nile. This fluvial channel, the Khufu branch, enabled navigation to the Pyramid Harbor complex but its precise environmental history is unclear. To fill this knowledge gap, we use pollen-derived vegetation patterns to reconstruct 8,000 y of fluvial variations on the Giza floodplain. After a high-stand level concomitant with the African Humid Period, our results show that Giza’s waterscapes responded to a gradual insolation-driven aridification of East Africa, with the lowest Nile levels recorded at the end of the Dynastic Period. The Khufu branch remained at a high-water level (∼40% of its Holocene maximum) during the reigns of Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure, facilitating the transportation of construction materials to the Giza Pyramid Complex.
Journal Article
The complete pyramids
Discusses the origin and development of the Egyptian pyramids, describes their role in Egyptian religion and culture, profiles pyramid explorers, and explains how they were built.
Book
Catalonia's Human Towers
The building of human towers (
castells ) is a centuries-old
traditional sport where hundreds of men, women, and children gather
in Catalan squares to create breathtaking edifices through a feat
of collective athleticism. The result is a great spectacle of
effort and overcoming, tension and release.
Catalonia's Human Towers is an ethnographic look at the
thriving castells practice-a symbol of Catalan cultural heritage
and identity amid debates around national autonomy and secession
from Spain. While the main function of building castells is to grow
community through a low-cost, intergenerational, and inclusive
leisure activity, Mariann Vaczi reveals how this unique sport also
provides a social base, image, and vocabulary for the independence
movement.
Highlighting the intersection of folklore, performance, and
sport, Catalonia's Human Towers captures the subtle
processes by which the body becomes politicized and ideology
becomes embodied, with all the desires, risks and precarities of
collective constructions.
eBook
Pyramids of Egypt
\"Carefully leveled text and vibrant photographs introduce early readers to the science and engineering behind the Pyramids of Egypt. Includes infographics, an activity, glossary, and index\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Discovery of a big void in Khufu’s Pyramid by observation of cosmic-ray muons
Cosmic-ray muon radiography has been used to non-invasively visualize the voids in the Great Pyramid (Khufu’s Pyramid), revealing a large void situated above the Grand Gallery.
Cosmic discovery at Giza
The Great Pyramid of Giza holds many secrets. There is no consensus on how it was built and most of its internal structure, besides three chambers, is not known. Kunihiro Morishima and colleagues used cosmic-ray muons, which are weakly deflected and absorbed by stone, as a natural imaging probe to investigate the possibility of hidden chambers. They installed a muon detector—a nuclear emulsion film—in one of the chambers and collected data over several months. They observed a clear increase in the flux of muons for specific positions above the known chambers, which indicates the presence of a previously unknown void. The findings are supported by data from two other detection techniques. This is the first major inner structure found in the Great Pyramid since the 19th century.
The Great Pyramid, or Khufu’s Pyramid, was built on the Giza plateau in Egypt during the fourth dynasty by the pharaoh Khufu (Cheops)
1
, who reigned from 2509
bc
to 2483
bc
. Despite being one of the oldest and largest monuments on Earth, there is no consensus about how it was built
2
,
3
. To understand its internal structure better, we imaged the pyramid using muons, which are by-products of cosmic rays that are only partially absorbed by stone
4
,
5
,
6
. The resulting cosmic-ray muon radiography allows us to visualize the known and any unknown voids in the pyramid in a non-invasive way. Here we report the discovery of a large void (with a cross-section similar to that of the Grand Gallery and a minimum length of 30 metres) situated above the Grand Gallery. This constitutes the first major inner structure found in the Great Pyramid since the nineteenth century
1
. The void, named ScanPyramids’ Big Void, was first observed with nuclear emulsion films
7
,
8
,
9
installed in the Queen’s chamber, then confirmed with scintillator hodoscopes
10
,
11
set up in the same chamber and finally re-confirmed with gas detectors
12
outside the pyramid. This large void has therefore been detected with high confidence by three different muon detection technologies and three independent analyses. These results constitute a breakthrough for the understanding of the internal structure of Khufu’s Pyramid. Although there is currently no information about the intended purpose of this void, these findings show how modern particle physics can shed new light on the world’s archaeological heritage.
Journal Article
The biomass distribution on Earth
A census of the biomass on Earth is key for understanding the structure and dynamics of the biosphere. However, a global, quantitative view of how the biomass of different taxa compare with one another is still lacking. Here, we assemble the overall biomass composition of the biosphere, establishing a census of the ≈550 gigatons of carbon (Gt C) of biomass distributed among all of the kingdoms of life. We find that the kingdoms of life concentrate at different locations on the planet; plants (≈450 Gt C, the dominant kingdom) are primarily terrestrial, whereas animals (≈2 Gt C) are mainly marine, and bacteria (≈70 Gt C) and archaea (≈7 Gt C) are predominantly located in deep subsurface environments. We show that terrestrial biomass is about two orders of magnitude higher than marine biomass and estimate a total of ≈6 Gt C of marine biota, doubling the previous estimated quantity. Our analysis reveals that the global marine biomass pyramid contains more consumers than producers, thus increasing the scope of previous observations on inverse food pyramids. Finally, we highlight that the mass of humans is an order of magnitude higher than that of all wild mammals combined and report the historical impact of humanity on the global biomass of prominent taxa, including mammals, fish, and plants.
Journal Article