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"Quackery."
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Causes and consequences of quack medicine in health care: a scoping review of global experience
Background
The field of health has been facing challenges with fraudulent practices and the prevalence of “quack medicine”. Many cases have given rise to this issue. Therefore, this study aims to comprehensively investigate and categorize the causes and consequences of quack medicine in the healthcare.
Methods
A scoping review, using the 5 stages of Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, was conducted to retrieve and analyze the literature. International databases including the PubMed, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science and also national Iranian databases were searched to find peer reviewed published literature in English and Persian languages. Grey literature was also included. Meta-Synthesis was applied to analyze the findings through an inductive approach.
Results
Out of 3794 initially identified studies, 30 were selected for this study. Based on the findings of this research, the causes of quackery in the health were divided into six categories: political, economic, socio-cultural, technical-organizational, legal and psychological. Additionally, the consequences of this issue were classified into three categories: health, economic and social. Economic and social factors were found to have a more significant impact on the prevalence of quackery in the health sector. Legal and technical-organizational factors played a crucial role in facilitating fraudulent practices, resulting in severe health consequences.
Conclusion
It is evident that governing bodies and health systems must prioritize addressing economic and social factors in combating quackery in the health sector. Special attention should be paid to the issue of cultural development and community education to strengthen the mechanisms that lead to the society access to standard affordable services. Efforts should be made also to improve the efficiency of legislation, implementation and evaluation systems to effectively tackle this issue.
Journal Article
Former journal editor is found guilty of data fabrication
A former journal editor fabricated data in a research paper when he was working as a registrar at King's College Hospital in London, a medical practitioners tribunal has concluded. 1 Paul Grant, now a consultant diabetologist in Brighton, edited the British Journal of Diabetes from 2014 to 2016.
Journal Article
Finger surgery for deafness: rethinking quackery in medical history
In 1923, American news dispatches announced that King Alfonso of Spain had summoned a famous New York osteopath to treat his 15-year-old son, Infante Don Jaime (1908-1975). Deaf and mute following a severe case of mastoiditis, Don Jaime was judged \"incurable\" after Spanish specialists unsuccessfully operated on him in 1912. According to court insiders, an osteopath took only 20 minutes to perform a bloodless and painless operation that miraculously cured the prince. Reporters deduced that one man fit the bill: Brooklyn-based Dr. Curtis H. Muncie (1887-1963), who happened to be sailing on the Majestic, which was bound for Europe, to promote his \"constructive bi-digital intra-aural\" technique, otherwise known as the \"Muncie Reconstruction Method\" or simply \"finger surgery.\" The technique required Muncie to insert his fingers through a patient's larynx to manipulate the eustachian tube and manually correct aural defects causing deafness. Allegedly, it had a 90% success rate in incurable cases. The popularity of finger surgery as a cure for deafness certainly reflected broader cultural expectations of normalcy and eugenics that required American citizens who were deaf to be godly, educated and civic minded.
Journal Article
The need to train uncertified rural practitioners in India
Uncertified rural practitioners (URPs) without formal medical qualification occupy an indispensable yet dangerous position in the rural health care system in India. The low cost, close proximity, and higher health hazards in rural areas along with the inability of established health-care setups to fulfill existing demands have favored the flourishing trade of URPs. Irrational and dangerous drug prescriptions, unauthorized interventions, improper waste disposal, and several cases of malpractice by URPs are serious threats to the exposed population. However, because of the practical compulsion and real-world necessity of their existence, URPs should be scientifically trained and sensitized to regulate, qualify, and integrate them as a part of the existing health care system in India.
Journal Article
The “Controversial Cundurango Cure”: Medical professionalization and the global circulation of drugs
This article examines the medical and political discussions regarding a controversial medicinal bark from Ecuador – cundurango – that was actively sponsored by the Ecuadorian government as a new botanical cure for cancer in the late nineteenth century United States and elsewhere. The article focuses on the commercial and diplomatic interests behind the public discussion and advertising techniques of this drug. It argues that diverse elements – including the struggle for positioning scientific societies and the disapproval of the capacities of Ecuadorian doctors, US abolitionist history, regional and local political struggles – played a role in the quackery accusations against cundurango and its promoters. The development and international trade of this remedy offer interesting insights into the global history of drugs, particularly how medical knowledge was challenged during a period when scientific medicine was struggling for hegemony. It explores how newspapers expanded “the public interest” in a possible cancer cure.
Journal Article