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"Quapaw"
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Everything breaks
After his three best friends die in a car crash when he should have been driving, seventeen-year-old Tucker meets Charon, the Ferryman of Hades, and must decide whether to succumb to his grief or go on living.
Book
Warrior Images and Peacemaking Traditions: Strategies for Survival among the Southern Siouan Tribal Nations
This article examines the role war and peace played in the lives of the Southern Siouans, also known as the Dhegihan and the Five Cognate Tribes. These five tribal nations-the Omaha, Ponca, Osage, Kansa (Kaw), and Quapaw-share close linguistic ties, and share similar cultural and historical traditions. The article demonstrates that peacemaking was always more important than war and that ideal conditions included thriving children in a peaceful society. The emphasis on children is also reflected in treaty negotiations between the Five Cognate Tribes and the US government. The article explores two peacemaking institutions, the sanctuary lodge and the intertribal adoption ceremony. Both show that the Southern Siouans went to great effort to prevent warfare. The article suggests that it was actually European Americans who glorified war and made the feathered bonnets of war chiefs and warriors the face of Great Plains tribal nations. It gives evidence that certain features of the modern powwow, especially the Grand Entry, where warriors lead a procession of dancers, reflects an accommodation to European American warrior values. While the sanctuary lodge is no longer used, the adoption ceremony is practiced in public and private settings and continues to be a unifying force in Native communities.
Journal Article
The Native Ground
InThe Native Ground, Kathleen DuVal argues that it was Indians rather than European would-be colonizers who were more often able to determine the form and content of the relations between the two groups. Along the banks of the Arkansas and Mississippi rivers, far from Paris, Madrid, and London, European colonialism met neither accommodation nor resistance but incorporation. Rather than being colonized, Indians drew European empires into local patterns of land and resource allocation, sustenance, goods exchange, gender relations, diplomacy, and warfare. Placing Indians at the center of the story, DuVal shows both their diversity and our contemporary tendency to exaggerate the influence of Europeans in places far from their centers of power. Europeans were often more dependent on Indians than Indians were on them. Now the states of Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Colorado, this native ground was originally populated by indigenous peoples, became part of the French and Spanish empires, and in 1803 was bought by the United States in the Louisiana Purchase. Drawing on archaeology and oral history, as well as documents in English, French, and Spanish, DuVal chronicles the successive migrations of Indians and Europeans to the area from precolonial times through the 1820s. These myriad native groups-Mississippians, Quapaws, Osages, Chickasaws, Caddos, and Cherokees-and the waves of Europeans all competed with one another for control of the region. Only in the nineteenth century did outsiders initiate a future in which one people would claim exclusive ownership of the mid-continent. After the War of 1812, these settlers came in numbers large enough to overwhelm the region's inhabitants and reject the early patterns of cross-cultural interdependence. As citizens of the United States, they persuaded the federal government to muster its resources on behalf of their dreams of landholding and citizenship. With keen insight and broad vision, Kathleen DuVal retells the story of Indian and European contact in a more complex and, ultimately, more satisfactory way.
eBook
A Little Home for Myself and Child
Scholarship on Native American economic activity in the assimilation period tells a story of unscrupulous whites, fraud, and failure, often identifying the policy of competency as the culprit. Judging from these accounts, one might assume that being declared competent was almost always bad news for Native Americans, but perhaps particularly for women—who were less likely to have exposure to the world of business. The records of the Quapaw Agency in Oklahoma from the 1910s and 1920s tell a different story. The impact of competency on Native American women was not always bleak. Competency sometimes gave women control over significant property. Some women of the Quapaw Agency were skilled in business practices, negotiated successfully with the agency, and controlled both their finances and their destinies.
Journal Article
