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3112 Acquired aphantasia in 88 cases: a preliminary report
AimsFor most of us, visual imagery is a fundamental feature of day-to-day subjective experience. It is thought to play multiple cognitive roles.1 However, there is widespread variation in the subjective intensity of visual imagery, ranging from extreme vividness to complete absence. The term aphantasia was coined recently to describe the latter, which is usually lifelong. While rarer, cases of acquired aphantasia can provide mechanistic insight. Isolated cases have long been reported,2 with some attempts at theoretical synthesis.3 4 We give a preliminary description of 88 such cases identified from among ~14,000 people contacting us in the wake of publicity surrounding Aphantasia.MethodsCases were selected from individuals contacting us spontaneously reporting reduced or absent intensity of visual imagery. Contacts were asked to complete two measures of visual imagery, the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ) and Imagery Questionnaire (IQ).5 ResultsCases were divided into those in with a strong probability of a neurological cause (n=39), a psychological cause (n=20) and those about which we cannot yet be confident (n=29). Functional aphantasia appears likely to account for some of the cases in the third category. The commonest precipitating events were head injury (n=19), affective disorder (n=17) and stroke (n=13). Other causes included surgery (postoperative) (n=7), drugs (n=6), infectious or inflammatory disease (n=3), neurodegenerative disease (n=3), and seizure disorders (n=2). For subjects completing the VVIQ (n=29), the mean score was 20.1/80 (range 16-32,) indicating marked reduction of imagery vividness. Localizable lesions were predominantly right sided (n=6) and occurred in posterior cortical areas, particularly occipital and parietal, as well as two cases associated with damage to temporal cortex. Some cases reported other impairments, including impaired memory (n=12), prosopagnosia (n=5) and navigational difficulties (n=2). Of cases who reported on their dreams (n=28), around half had lost visual dreaming, a third had preserved visual dreaming and the remainder had visual dreaming of reduced intensity.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the largest reported case series of acquired loss of visual imagery. Both neurological and psychological disorders can be responsible for acquired aphantasia. Our series includes cases of probable functional aphantasia. Further detailed analysis of these cases is required.References Pearson. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2019;20:624634. Zago, et al. Cognit. Neuropsychiatry 2011;16:481504. Farah. Cognition 1984;18:245272. Bartolomeo. Cortex 2002;38:357378. Zeman, et al. Cortex 2020;130:426440.
Journal Article
Quiz queens
\"In this high interest novel for middle readers, boy-crazy Kiara convinces studious Jane to create a questionnaire to help find her soulmate.
Book
A practical guide to survey questionnaire design and evaluation
This text summarizes practical principles, guidelines, and best practices for developing and testing survey questionnaires driven and supported by theoretical and empirical research. It provides a broad overview of literature on questionnaire design, drawing on both theoretical and empirical research.
BOOK
The psychological social impact of divorce on children and adults
The aim of the current study is to know the social, psychological and health effects of divorce on children and adults, what are the problems resulting after divorce, especially children and adults, what are the effects of divorce on the psychology of children and adults. A questionnaire was created using the Google Drive program to design it, and then it was distributed to residents. The city ofMecca and Khamis Mushayt, where it was distributed via the social networking network (WhatsApp) in the amount of 750 questionnaires, and responses were obtained in 730 questionnaires, and they were analyzed, using frequency tables, and creating histotrophic drawings, and the results presented before you were obtained.it is concluded that,Divorce destroys the entire family, and it is psychologically and socially harmful to children and adults. Young people feel that their elders have abandoned them and have preferred their interests to the interests of others. Young children, parents must be wise and patient, and understand each other apart from the children, so that they do not fall victim to bad companions and other hateful things, and a healthy and sound environment must be created for them, so that they do not grow up psychologically shaken and so that their psychology and health do not deteriorate to the worst.
Journal Article
Model of care knowledge among Northern Border Health Cluster staff at the Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
Background: The model of care is a fundamental framework that directs the provision of medical services and has a big impact on provider effectiveness and patient outcomes. Objective: the aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge of staff (health workers and admin) about model of care working in Northern Border Health Cluster (N1C) of Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Northern Border Health Cluster hospitals situated in the Northern border of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire for the data collected was obtained from the previously published research. The questionnaire link was sent to all healthcare staff working at the N1C hospitals electronically until reach to the required sample size. Results: About 380 responded to the study’s survey.About45.3% of participants were agreed and 33.4% were Strongly agree that Model of Care will improve the quality of healthcare services the patient is receiving. About (42.9%) of participants were agreed and about (33.2%) were Strongly agree that that Model of Care will have a positive impact on their career. About (43.4%) of participants were agreed and about (34.5%) were Strongly agree to participate in the implementation of Model of Care There is statistically significant association between Job function (p-value < .001) and type of work facility (p- value .022) regarding their awareness about outcomes is Model of Care aiming to achieve. There is statistically significant association between gender (P-value .030), job function (P-value .002) and type of work facility ( P- value .039 )and confidence levels with staff sharing their to explain what the MoC is to a colleague or a friend. About (43.4%) of participants were agreed and about (31.6%) were Strongly agree to convince colleagues and friends of the benefits of Model of Care.Conclusion: In this study, each dimension gave an promising assessment of the MoC expertise of Northern Border Health Cluster (N1C) staff. The Northern Border Health Cluster (N1C) staff who participated in this study had good knowledge of MoC.
Journal Article
Strategies for Coping with Lumber Disc Herniation Among Saudi Adult Patients in 2024
Background: For individuals with Lumber Disc Herniation (LDH), strategies for coping are crucial since they enhance daily living activities and reduce discomfort. Aim of study: To assess coping strategies among adult patients with LDH. Research design: A descriptive design was utilized in this study. Setting: This study was conducted at Neuro-Surgery Outpatient Clinic of Taif University Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Sample: A Convenient sample was used which included 151 adult patients with LDH. Tools of data collection: Four tools were used 1): A structured interviewing questionnaires to assess studied patients' socio-demographic characteristics, medical & family history and knowledge regarding LDH and coping strategies. II) The visual analog scale to assess pain intensity in studied patients with LDH. III) Coping strategy Questionnaires (CSQ) to assess coping strategies among studied patients with LDH. IV) Barthel Index of activity of daily living to assess dependency level of daily living activities in studied patients with LDH. Results: 35.1% of the studied patients aged from 35 to less than 45years, 97.4% of them had low back pain, 64.9%, affected in the L4&L5 vertebrae, 15.2% of the studied patients had good total knowledge level about LDH. 64.9% of the studied patients had moderate pain which affect duties performance, 76.8% of studied patients had independent level regarding activities of daily living and 64.9% of studied patients had moderate coping level regarding LDH. Conclusion: There was a highly statistically significant relation between level of coping of the studied patients and their dependency level in performing activities of daily of living. Recommendation: Develop and implement health education program to improve adult patients knowledge and practices regarding lumber disc herniation and coping strategies.
Journal Article