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"ROAD TRANSPORT"
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East Kent Road Car Company Ltd : services of the Golden Jubilee era
Richard Wallace takes the reader on a journey along the routes of all the stage-carriage services operated by East Kent in 1968, just after the Company celebrated its Golden Jubilee in 1966/7 and immediately prior to the National Bus Company taking full control.
Book
The nexus between road transport intensity and road-related CO2 emissions in G20 countries: an advanced panel estimation
This study determines the dynamic linkages between road transport intensity, road transport passenger and road transport freight, and road carbon emissions in G20 countries in the presence of economic growth, urbanization, crude oil price, and trade openness for the period of 1990 to 2016, under the multivariate framework. This study employs the residual-based Kao and Westerlund cointegration technique to find long-run cointegration, and continuously updated bias-corrected (CUP-BC) and continuously updated fully modified (CUP-FM) methods to check the long-run elasticities between the variables. The long-run estimators’ findings suggest a positive and significant impact of road transport intensity, road passenger transport, road freight transport on road transport CO
2
emissions. Economic growth and urbanization are significant contributing factors in road transport CO
2
emissions, while trade openness and crude oil price significantly reduce road transport CO
2
emissions. The Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test results disclose unidirectional causality from road transport intensity and road transport freight to the road transport CO
2
emissions. However, the causality between road passenger transport and road transport CO
2
emissions is bidirectional. Finally, comprehensive policy options like subsidizing environmental-friendly technologies, developing green transport infrastructure, and enacting decarbonizing regulations are suggested to address the G20 countries’ environmental challenges.
Journal Article
Factors influencing intention to use ridesharing or intercity bus services: a nonlinear point of View
The present study aims to explore the factors that influence the utilization of intercity transportation services, with a specific focus on ridesharing and bus services, assessing the dimensions of reliability, comfort, responsiveness, safety, social interaction, driver empathy, and value. To this end, it uses responses from 110 users of ridesharing, and 200 users of conventional intercity bus services. Using a non-linear method, Penalty-reward Contrast Analysis, the results show that the investigated dimensions have a distinct influence on the propensity to continue using each of these services, explaining 32% of using conventional road transport, and 65% of ridesharing. We confirmed the non-linearity between customer perception of the surveyed dimensions' performance and their propensity to use the service, with differences and similarities between bus and ridesharing services. A low performance of the dimensions of safety and comfort, and a high performance of reliability, impact both services. But there are significant differences in the impact of perceived value, responsiveness, driver empathy, and social interaction. These findings allow service providers to better understand customers' needs and provide better service.
Journal Article
Association Between Residential Exposure to Road Traffic Noise and Psychological Health in Preschool Children
Environmental noise pollution is one of the biggest concerns and the most important challenges in urban areas. Evidence from epidemiological studies shows that acoustic pollution can impact human health, and the effects may be stronger in susceptible and sensitive individuals. The objective of the study was to determine the individual exposure to road transport noise for preschool children in the residential environment and to assess its impact on children's psychological health. This is the first representative large-scale noise impact study in Lithuania aimed at the psychological health of children. A total of 1457 parent-child pairs were involved in the study. Residential exposure to environmental noise caused by road transport in Kaunas agglomeration, Lithuania was determined by applying geographic information systems and strategic noise mapping. A standardized Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to assess psychological health problems in children. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between residential exposure to environmental noise caused by road transport and children's psychological health. The results of the study showed that the risk of hyperactivity and total scale difficulties increased statistically significantly up to 77% and up to 48%, respectively, in the highest noise (L
≥ 50 dB) exposure. The obtained results provide new knowledge about the relationship between road traffic noise in the residential environment and the psychological health of preschool children.
Journal Article
Determination of Factors Influencing Road Transport Demand: Evidence from Croatia
Effective forecasting of road transport demand is vital for optimizing transport planning and system efficiency. Despite technological and methodological advancements, the accuracy of these forecasts has not improved significantly over the past several decades, with typical errors ranging from 20% to 35%. These inaccuracies often result in either under- or over-capacitated transport systems, leading to unforeseen economic and financial consequences. This research focuses on factors that have an impact on road transport demand, based on research conducted in Croatia over the period from 2004 to 2016. It identifies three key impact groups—traffic and transport, economy, and demography—that impact road transport demand. The findings indicate that the annual rates of change in the number of registered motor vehicles have the most significant influence on road transport demand trends. Other key factors include real net wage growth, GDP growth rates, and the rate of domestic tourist arrivals. Additionally, the analysis reveals a statistically significant difference in transport demand intensity between motorways and state roads, highlighting the importance of considering unique traffic patterns in infrastructure planning. These insights provide a robust foundation for developing more accurate forecasting models and improving transport policy and investment strategies.
Journal Article
Quantitative analysis of road transport agreements(quARTA)
Road freight transport is indispensable to international economic cooperation and foreign trade. Across all continents, it is commonly used for short and medium distances and in long distance haulage when minimizing time is important. In all instances governments play a critical role in ensuring the competitive advantage of private sector operators. Countries often have many opportunities to minimize the physical or administrative barriers that increase costs, take measures to enhance the attractiveness and competitiveness of road transport, or generally nurture the integral role of international road freight transport in the global trade logistics industry. Road freight transport is critical to domestic and international trade. It is the dominant mode of transport for overland movement of trade traffic, carrying more than 80 percent of traffic in most regions. Generally, nearly all trade traffic is carried by road at some point. Therefore, the cost and quality of road transport services is of critical importance to trade competitiveness of countries and regions within countries. In fact, road transport is fundamental to modern international division of labor and supply-chain management.
eBook
Sustainable development of passenger transport in Poland in the context of young passengers’ preference survey
The issue of reducing the adverse impact of transport on the environment has been reflected in key European transport documents. Their content clearly indicates that rail transport is more “environmentally friendly” than road transport. An increase in the number of rail passengers and, at the same time, a drop in the number of road transport passengers is consistent with the concept of sustainable development. The purpose of the article is to analyse the preferences of rail and bus passengers and use research results to enhance sustainable development. In order to achieve this aim, the method of critical analysis of available secondary research results and the survey method were adopted, with the use of a questionnaire in primary research. The author’s own research was conducted on a representative sample of 331 young passengers. On the basis of available secondary research results, the price, travel time and modern technology categories as well as elements thereof were selected for analysis. The study results may be used to formulate a strategy for sustainable development of transport, contributing to the reduction of road passenger transport in favour of rail transport.
Journal Article
Evaluation of vehicular emissions reduction strategies using a novel hybrid method integrating BWM, Q methodology and ER approach
Road transportation is the main source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Iran. Different road transport emissions reduction strategies (RTERS) can be defined to address this environmental problem. The present study aims to define a comprehensive set of RTERS according to the socio-economic conditions of Iran. Then, the defined strategies are evaluated using a new hybrid decision-making technique developed by integrating the conventional Q-methodology (QM), best–worst method (BWM) and evidential reasoning (ER) approach. The main advantages of the developed methodology include: simple Q-sorting, the capability of checking inconsistency ratio of judgments and dealing with uncertainty. A set of thirty-three RTERS was defined and then categorized into the following seven main strategies, including travel demand management (TDM), public transport management (PTM), traffic flow management (TFM), education, urban planning and development (UPD), and governmental rules and regulations (GRR). These strategies were assessed based on the views of twenty-three experts and government officials. Five perspectives on the importance of RTERS were derived using BWM and QM: 1—PTM-FCM, 2—UPD, 3—TDM, 4—FCM-PTM and 5—FCM. Finally, the ER approach was employed to aggregate these viewpoints. The aggregated perspective highlights that improving fuel quality and HOV systems are the most effective RTERS, while the mitigation policies based on deterrent rules and regulations are the least effective strategies. Accordingly, some managerial implications and suggestions are provided in this study.
Journal Article
Impact of Parking Maneuvers on the Capacity of the Inlets of Intersections with Traffic Lights for Road Traffic Conditions in Poland
The goal of smart cities and sustainable transport is to ensure the efficient movement of people while minimizing a negative impact on the environment. Many cities around the world conduct a policy aimed at limiting parking spaces; however, the complete elimination of parking spaces in cities currently does not seem possible. Parking vehicles cause disturbances in road traffic by searching for a parking space and performing the parking maneuver. This article analyzes the impact of the parking maneuver on the capacity of the inlets of intersections with traffic lights, and the significance of the time it takes to enter and exit a parking space on road traffic disturbance areas under Polish conditions. The research is carried out in on-street parking, characterized by different positions of the parking space to the road, the different surfaces of parking spaces, and the geometry of the road next to which the parking spaces are located. Differences in the time of entry to and exit from the parking space between the research areas indicate that different characteristics of the parking spaces affect the time of the parking maneuver. Drivers wait for the acceptable distance between vehicles on the road into which the vehicle can exit from the parking space. Drivers exiting from perpendicular parking spaces more often cause traffic disruptions than in the case of parallel parking spaces, due to limited visibility. The occupancy of parking spaces directly next to the analyzed ones also affects the time of entry to and exit from the parking space. However, between the time of entry to or exit from the parking space, and the use of the parking space, there is no relationship. This finding indicates that more factors determine the time of entry to and exit from the parking space. The results presented in the article show the need to conduct further research on the impact of parking maneuvers on the capacity of intersections with traffic lights for road traffic conditions in Poland. The results of the research will allow for the design and construction of an optimal parking infrastructure that will meet the needs of road users, while minimizing the negative impact on road conditions and the natural environment following sustainable development.
Journal Article
Connecting landlocked developing countries to markets : trade corridors in the 21st century
The importance of transport corridors for trade and development, including for some of the poorest countries in the world, is widely recognized in this book. A new consensus has also emerged that reducing trade costs and improving access to corridors is not just a matter of building infrastructure. The policies that regulate transport services providers and the movement of goods along corridors are important determinants of the social rate of return on such infrastructure investment. This book avoids optimistic assumptions regarding the prospects for new high-level agreements and decisions to facilitate transit or the possible benefits from increased use of technology. Instead, the authors argue that much can be done through the implementation of readily available existing tools. The use of these tools is often hampered by not only capacity constraints; but, equally if not more important, a lack of commitment. Political economic factors in both the landlocked countries and their transit neighbors must be recognized and addressed. This book offers examples of possible implementation strategies that, while challenging, should in principle help in overcoming these political economic constraints. The main message is that to bring about efficient trade corridors governments and stakeholders should focus on properly implementing the fiscal, regulatory, and procedural principles for international transit that encourage quality-driven logistics services. The various implementation challenges are the primary focus of this book.
eBook