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The effect of the music-supported education program on the awareness and health beliefs of Roma women about cervical cancer and screening
Background
Roma women, who have low education, are one of the risk groups for cervical cancer as it has proven that they marry and give birth at an early age and have limited access to preventive health services.
Aim
This study aims to reveal the effect of a music-supported education program based on the Health Belief Model on the awareness and health beliefs of Roma women about cervical cancer and screening.
Methods
This study was conducted between June 2021- January 2022 with 40 Roma women in the experimental group and 40 in the control group. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form and the Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test. The experimental group received a four-week training and a two-week music-supported training.
Results
It was revealed that 27.5% of the Roma women in the experimental group had the pap smear test after the intervention, and there was a significant difference in the mean scores of the awareness of cervical cancer and screening and the factors of the Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test compared to the pre-intervention. It was found that the intervention had a significant effect at the level of 77.9% in reducing the perceived barriers to the pap smear test (
p
< 0.001).
Conclusion
It was found that the music-supported education program based on the Health Belief Model positively affected the awareness and health beliefs of Roma women about cervical cancer and screening.
Trial registration
The study was registered with the U.S.National of Medicine Clinical Trials Registry (NCT04756440 -15.08.2020).
Journal Article
Another darkness, another dawn : a history of Gypsies, Roma and Travellers
'Another Darkness, Another Dawn' charts the history of Gypsies, Roma and Travellers - some of the most marginalised and vilified people in society - through time and place, from 15th century India to modern-day Europe.
Book
Connecting Roma Communities in COVID-19 Times: The First Roma Women Students’ Gathering Held Online
COVID-19 has exacerbated the vulnerability of the Roma communities in Europe. However, these communities have a strong sense of resilience, and the role of Roma women must be highlighted since they have historically nurtured solidarity networks even in the most challenging situations. Aim: A particular action organized by a Roma Association of Women is analyzed: the Roma Women Students’ Gathering (RWSG, or gathering). In its 19th edition, this democratic space aimed at tackling the challenges the pandemic has raised and its impact on the Roma communities. Method: The 19th RWSG, which was the first one held online, was inductively analyzed to gain a deeper understanding of the key aspects that the Roma women highlight when they organize themselves. Results: RWSG generates optimal conditions where Roma women identify the challenges affecting their community and, drawing on the dialogues shared, agree on strategies to contest them. RWSG also enhanced solidarity interactions that enabled the conquering of the virtual space, transforming it into an additional space where the Roma could help each other and thus better navigate the uncertainties unleashed by COVID-19. Key features of the Roma culture emerged in these spaces of solidarity, such as protecting the elderly and prioritizing community wellbeing rather than only the individual’s preferences. Conclusions: Roma women play a key role in weaving an organized response to the uncertainty derived from COVID-19, and connecting them to the public sphere, potentially achieving social and political impacts.
Journal Article
Concept of Health and Sickness of the Spanish Gypsy Population: A Qualitative Approach
The Roma community (RC) has poor health indicators, and providing them with adequate healthcare requires understanding their culture and cultural differences. Our objective was to understand the concept of the health and sickness of the RC in Spain, and for this, a qualitative study was conducted. A content analysis utilizing an inductive approach was used to analyze the data. Twenty-three semi-structured interviews were performed, and four main categories were obtained after the analysis of the data: perception of the state of health, the value of health, what was observed, and causal attribution. The inter-relations between the categories shows that the RC have a dichotomous worldview split between non-sickness (health) and sickness mediated by causal attribution. Their worldview is polarized into two values: not sick/sick. When not sick, optimism is prioritized along with happiness, and these two emotions are highly valued, as they also play a physical and social function. When a person becomes noticeably sick, this is understood as being in a negative and severe state, and when there are visible physical implications, then the need to act is made clear. When faced with the need to act, the behavior of the RC is mediated by causal attributions, influenced by nature and religion, timing, concealment by not mentioning the disease, and the origin of the healthcare information. For the organization of an adequate health response for the RC, it is necessary for healthcare systems to be able to merge culture and health care.
Journal Article
Psychosocial Risks and Protective Factors of Roma and Non-Roma Communities Living in Poverty in Portugal
Poverty threatens psychosocial health, especially when intersecting with minority identities such as ethnicity. Within the Roma community, discrimination, prejudice, and stigma create particularly adverse environments. This cross-sectional study compares psychosocial health between Roma and non-Roma individuals living in poverty. The sample includes 317 participants (202 non-Roma and 115 Roma), aged 18–71. Significant differences (p < 0.001) were found in psychological distress (non-Roma higher), self-stigma (Roma higher), social support (Roma higher), and resilience (Roma higher). Roma identity predicts lower distress. Discrimination impacts self-stigma, shaped by social prejudice. Higher resilience and social support in Roma communities act as protective factors. These findings highlight the need for public policies that address these populations’ needs and help reduce stigma and discrimination.
Journal Article
Exploring the Barriers: A Qualitative Study about the Experiences of Mid-SES Roma Navigating the Spanish Healthcare System
Whereas the topic of the ‘cultural sensitivity’ of healthcare systems has been addressed extensively in the US and the UK, literature on the subject in most European countries, specifically looking at the situation of Roma, is still scarce. Drawing on qualitative research conducted mainly in the city of Barcelona under the communicative approach with Roma subjects who have stable socioeconomic positions and higher cultural capitals (end-users, professionals of the healthcare system, and key informants of a regional policy oriented to the improvement of Roma living conditions), the present study aims to fill this gap. We explore the barriers that the Roma face in accessing the healthcare system, reflecting on how these barriers are accentuated by the existing anti-Roma prejudices and institutional arrangements that do not account for minority cultures. Our results point out a series of obstacles at two levels, in the interaction with healthcare professionals, and in relation to existing institutional arrangements, which prevent Roma families from having equal access to the healthcare system. Education stands up as a mechanism to contest anti-Roma sentiments among healthcare professionals.
Journal Article
Molecular Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological cancer, leading to over 152,000 deaths each year. A late diagnosis is the primary factor causing a poor prognosis of ovarian cancer and often occurs due to a lack of specific symptoms and effective biomarkers for an early detection. Currently, cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is the most widely used biomarker for ovarian cancer detection, but this approach is limited by a low specificity. In recent years, multimarker panels have been developed by combining molecular biomarkers such as human epididymis secretory protein 4 (HE4), ultrasound results, or menopausal status to improve the diagnostic efficacy. The risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA), the risk of malignancy index (RMI), and OVA1 assays have also been clinically used with improved sensitivity and specificity. Ongoing investigations into novel biomarkers such as autoantibodies, ctDNAs, miRNAs, and DNA methylation signatures continue to aim to provide earlier detection methods for ovarian cancer. This paper reviews recent advancements in molecular biomarkers for the early detection of ovarian cancer.
Journal Article
Tiberio y la Romanización de la Vasconia–Continuidad y cambio en el Principado basado en un tipo de moneda del reino de Tiberio de Calagurris
El presente trabajo pretende estudiar el proceso de romanización durante el gobierno de Tiberio mediante una emisión de moneda provincial de Calagurris en el territorio de los vascones. Para ello, presentamos un análisis acerca de los elementos importantes que se muestran en la moneda: el título imperial en el anverso, la iconografía y los dos duoviri mencionados en el reverso.
Journal Article
The decade of Roma Inclusion: did it make a difference to health and use of health care services?
Objectives
We investigated whether the severely disadvantaged health of Hungarian Roma adults living in segregated settlements changed by the Decade of Roma Inclusion program.
Methods
We compared the results of two paired health interview surveys that we carried out using the same methodology before and after the Decade, on the general Hungarian and Roma populations.
Results
Self-perceived health status of younger Roma worsened, while it improved among older Roma. Reported experience of discrimination reduced considerably and health care utilization improved in general. Positive changes in smoking and nutrition, and negative changes in alcohol consumption and overweight were observed. Many of observed changes can plausibly be linked to various government policies, including a quadrupling of public works expenditure, banning smoking in public places, restricting marketing of tobacco products, increasing cigarette prices, and a new tax on unhealthy foods. Liberalization of rules on alcohol distillation coincided with worsening alcohol consumption.
Conclusions
We have shown that Roma remain severely disadvantaged and present an innovative sampling method which can be used to monitor changes in groups where identification is a challenge.
Journal Article