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\"The Art of Subtraction is the first full-length study on the CD-ROM as a creative platform. Bruno Lessard traces the rise and relatively rapid fall of the CD-ROM in the 1980s and 1990s and its impact as a creative platform for media artists such as Jean-Louis Boissier, Zoe Beloff, Adriene Jenik, and Chris Marker. Although the CD-ROM was not a lasting commercial success it was a vibrant medium that allowed for experimentation in adapting literary works. Building on the work of Gilles Deleuze and Michele Foucault, Lessard establishes a comparative framework for linking digital adaptations with innovative concepts such as 'subtractive adaptation' and the 'object image' that will be of interest to researchers examining literary adaptations on other digital platforms such as websites, smart phones, tablets, and digital games. The Art of Subtraction is a fascinating study of intermediality in the late twentieth century and it provides the first chapter in the yet unwritten history of digital adaptation.\"-- Provided by publisher.

This richly illustrated work provides a new and deeper perspective on the interaction of visual representation and classical culture from the fifth century B.C. to the fourth century A.D. Drawing on a variety of source materials, including Greco-Roman literature, historiography, and philosophy, coupled with artistic renderings, Paul Zanker forges the first comprehensive history of the visual representation of Greek and Roman intellectuals. He takes the reader from the earliest visual images of Socrates and Plato to the figures of Christ, the Apostles, and contemporaneous pagan and civic dignitaries.   Through his interpretations of the postures, gestures, facial expressions, and stylistic changes of particular pieces, we come to know these great poets and philosophers through all of their various personas--the prophetic wise man, the virtuous democratic citizen, or the self-absorbed bon vivant. Zanker's analysis of how the iconography of influential thinkers and writers changed demonstrates the rise and fall of trends and the movement of schools of thought and belief, each successively embodying the most valued characteristics of the period and culture.   This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1995. Many titles in the Voices Revived program are also newly available as ebooks, offered at a discounted price to support wider access to scholarly work.

The essay summarizes the data collected in a research, which is still in progress, conducted by the Tempi Moderni study centre on the condition of the Rom communities in Italy. It is based on two fundamental theses. First of all, on the fact that the system of inequalities experienced by Rom people is multidimensional. These dimensions influence each other on a material level and turn the relationship between cause and effect, legitimising widespread prejudice and discrimination against the Rom community. These prejudices are reconstructed also from a historical point of view, and the essay focuses mainly on employment and housing inequality. The second thesis analyzes the system of complex disparities affecting Rom communities within the system of inequalities and discriminations typical of Italian and global society. Inequality, poverty and work segregation are therefore the consequences of political choices aimed at marginalizing the numerous Rom communities and legitimizing widespread and dangerous commonplaces and prejudices.

Chronic oxidative stress in long-distance runners adversely affects conditioning. It is important to objectively assess and monitor oxidative stress, but measuring oxidative stress can be invasive or require skill to measure. Therefore, this study aimed to verify whether skin autofluorescence (SAF), a non-invasive, rapid, and easily calculable metric for calculating advanced glycation end products (AGEs), is useful as an oxidative stress biomarker. The subjects were 50 young Japanese male long-distance runners (aged 20.2 ± 1.2 years); 35 average-sized male university students (aged 19.8 ± 1.1 years) served as controls. The interactions and relationships between SAF and plasma pentosidine and oxidative stress markers (reactive oxygen metabolite-derived compounds [d-ROMs], biological antioxidant potential [BAP], and the BAP/d-ROMs ratio) in runners were examined, and SAF in the runners and controls was compared. The results suggest that plasma pentosidine in runners is associated with oxidative stress markers and that it can assess oxidative stress. However, as SAF was not associated with oxidative stress markers, it was not validated as one. In future, clarifying the factors affecting SAF may also clarify the relationship between SAF, plasma pentosidine, and oxidative stress markers.

Background Ginger contains gingerols, shogaols, paradols, gingerdiones, and terpenes which have shown to display anti-inflammatory properties and inhibit pain receptors. For this reason, ginger has been marketed as a natural ingredient for joint health.Purpose To determine whether ginger supplementation affects joint flexibility, health markers, and/or perceptions about quality of life (QOL) in individuals with mild-to-moderate joint pain.Methods Thirty men and women (56.0 ± 9.0 years, 164.4 ± 14 cm, 86.5 ± 20.9 kg, 31.0 ± 7.5 kg/m2) with a history of mild-to-severe joint and muscle pain and inflammation participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm, intervention trial. Participants donated fasting blood, completed questionnaires, rated pain in the thighs to standardized pressure, and then completed 3 × 10 repetitions of squats/deep knee bends while holding 30% of body mass on days 0, 30, and 56 of supplementation. Participants repeated tests after 2 days of recovery following each testing session. Blood samples were evaluated for clinical markers of safety. Knee and hip range of motion (ROM) was assessed via goniometry, while low back flexibility was assessed via a sit-and-reach test. The short form health survey version 2 (SF-36) was administered to evaluate participant’s subjective perceptions of QOL. Participants were matched by age, sex, and body mass for double-blind and to ingest 125 mg/d of a placebo or ginger (GingerT3®, Specnova LLC, Tysons Corner, Virginia), standardized to contain 10% total gingerols and no more than 3% total shogaols for 58 days. Data were analyzed using the general linear model (GLM) analysis of variance with repeated measures, mean changes from baseline with 95% confidence intervals, and chi-squared analysis.Results Knee ROM tended to be higher in the ginger group (p = 0.063, ηp2 = 0.118) and at the end of the study (Day 56: 20.8 ° [−1.6, 43.2], p = 0.068; Day 58: 9.4 ° [−1.9, 20.7], p = 0.10). No significant interaction effects were observed in sit-and-reach results (p = 0.798, ηp2 = 0.013). Eosinophil values tended to increase over time in the ginger group (p = 0.009, ηp2 = 0.130), with significantly higher eosinophil levels observed after 58 days (p = 0.05), although still within normal ranges. The low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio and total cholesterol:HDL ratio tended to increase over time in the ginger group after 56 days of supplementation with differences observed between groups in cholesterol (22.1 mg/dL [−4.3, 48.3], p = 0.096), LDL cholesterol (25.3 mg/dl [0.1, 50.6], p = 0.049), non-HDL cholesterol (26.5 mg/dL [−1.1, 53.7], p = 0.060), and the LDL:HDL ratio (0.64 [−.05, 1.3], p = 0.068), in part because baseline values were generally higher in the ginger group. However, values were well within normal limits for healthy individuals. When evaluating changes from baseline, the difference in the LDL:HDL ratio was the only significant difference between groups (0.37 [0.004, 0.73], p = 0.048), while the ratio of CHL:HDL tended to be higher (0.40 [−0.03, 0.83], p = 0.067) with ginger supplementation. Pairwise comparisons revealed that fasting blood glucose values were lower in the ginger group after 56 (−11.5 mg/dL [−25.1, 2.0], p = 0.092) and 58 (−13.8 mg/dL [−26.1, −1.6], p = 0.028) days. All blood values remained within normal clinical ranges. Chi-squared analysis of the SF-36 QOL responses revealed significant differences between group ratings of health compared to 1 year ago, including reducing the volume of time allocated to work and other activities, experiencing bodily pain over the last 4 weeks, feeling full of life, and anticipating their health to worsen. Perceptions tended to differ between groups when asked to rate whether health limits lifting of carrying of groceries, physical health results in accomplishing less than they would like, physical health limiting the kind of work/activities, cutting down on time spent on work or other activities, and feeling nervous, happy, tired, healthy as anybody, and that health was excellent. A total of 73.3% participants in the placebo group reported using rescue doses of analgesics, while 46.7% participants in the ginger group reported taking analgesics. However, the chi-squared analysis did not reveal significant differences in the number of participants reporting the use of rescue doses of analgesics during baseline testing (χ2 p = 0.195), after 4 weeks (χ2 p = 0.232), and after 8 weeks of supplementation (χ2 p = 0.713). Participants typically rated side effects as infrequent (1–2 times/week) and of minimal to slight severity. However, there was some evidence that participants in the ginger group reported more frequent and severe headaches, heart palpitations, and nervousness.Conclusion Ginger supplementation appears to be well tolerated and have some favorable effects on knee ROM, markers of health and perceptions about QOL and may reduce use of over-the-counter analgesics in individuals with mild-to-moderate joint pain. Registered clinical trial #ISRCTN74292348.

Background Aging is a multifactorial phenomenon, characterized by a progressive decline in the efficiency of biochemical and physiological processes and an increased susceptibility to disease. There is increasing evidence that aging and age‐related disease are correlated with an oxidative stress (OS) condition. The latter is characterized by an imbalance between reactive species (RS), in particular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant reserve. Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the two main markers of oxidative stress, plasmatic peroxide concentration (through d‐ROMs FAST test, derivates‐Reactive Oxygen Metabolites) and plasmatic antioxidant power measured by iron‐reducing power (PAT test, Plasma Antioxidant Test) in 290 apparently healthy volunteers over 60, and their possible correlation with age and gender. Materials and methods Human capillary blood samples from healthy volunteers were used in this observational study for the evaluation of the markers of OS. Results The data obtained broadly demonstrate that the majority of elderly people display an OS condition characterized by increased levels of peroxides and a slight reduction in antioxidant reserve. Conclusions Seniors have a greater propensity to develop a condition of oxidative stress, and therefore it is important to associate the monitoring of oxidative stress markers and, if necessary, antioxidant supplementation, with a healthy lifestyle. Different factors involved in healthy aging.

There is growing interest in the development of transient, multiphysics models for nuclear reactors and analysis of uncertainties in those models. Reduced-order models (ROMs) provide a computationally cheaper alternative to compute uncertainties. However, the application of ROMs to transient systems remains a challenging task. Here, a 1-D, twogroup, time-dependent, diffusion model was used to explore the potential of three different ROMs: the intrusive POD-Galerkin and DMD-Galerkin methods and the purely datadriven DMD. For the problem studied, POD-Galerkin exhibited by far the best accuracy and was selected for further application to uncertainty propagation. Perturbations were introduced to the initial condition and to the cross-section data. A greedy-POD sampling procedure was used to construct a reduced space that captured much of the variation in the uncertain these parameters. Results indicate that relatively few samples of the uncertain parameters are needed to produce a basis for POD-Galerkin that leads to distributions of the quantities of interest that match well with those obtained from the full-order model using brute-force, forward sampling.

The Sunda Strait, a critical interoceanic conduit between the Pacific and Indian Oceans, exhibits a unique relationship between the skin SST ( s) and the sea surface energy balance. This study aims to model the cool skin (Δ c) and warm layer (Δ w) using a coupled Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) and the Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model. The focus is on analyzing the characteristics of Δ c and Δ w, quantifying the diurnal variability of the Δ c, developing a correction of the bulk SST ( b) to s, and analyzing the sea surface energy balance relative to s. Results show that the Δ c layer contributes an average cooling of −0.2°C that varies diurnally and increases with wind speed ( 10) up to 8 m s−1 and stabilizes near −0.1°C. A two-step correction based on 10 and the diurnal cycle was applied to minimize the discrepancy between b and s, successfully eliminating the combined influence of Δ c and Δ w (Δ cw). Compared to other models, the proposed model shows a high correlation between Δ cw and 10 in the Indian Ocean, Sunda Strait, and Java Sea of 0.69, 0.74, and 0.88, respectively. This study also shows that s has an ocean regimes and seasonal relationship context with 10, net shortwave flux ( sw), net longwave flux ( lw), net sensible heat flux ( shf), and net latent heat flux ( lhf). These findings establish s as a critical diagnostic parameter for understanding air-sea fluxes in tropical strait systems.

Endothelial dysfunction is one of the initial steps in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and development of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. Several risk factors are associated with endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, such as hypertension, dyslipidaemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and advanced glycation-end products. Among these risk factors, oxidative stress is the largest contributor to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is still difficult, and assays for the measurement of ROS have failed to show a consistent correlation between pathological states and oxidative stress. To solve this problem, this review summarizes the current knowledge on biomarkers of oxidative stress, especially lipid peroxidation, and discusses the roles of oxidative stress, as measured by indices of lipid peroxidation, in diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and chronic inflammation.

This superb guide brings the work of Filippo Coarelli, one of the most widely published and well-known scholars of Roman topography, archeology and art, to a broad English-language audience. Conveniently organized by walking tours and illustrated throughout with clear maps, drawings, and plans, Rome and Environs: An Archaeological Guide covers all of the major, and an unparalleled number of minor, ancient sites in the city, and, unlike most other guides of Rome, includes major and many minor sites within easy reach of the city, such as Ostia Antica, Palestrina, Tivoli, and the many areas of interest along the ancient Roman roads. An essential resource for tourists interested in a deeper understanding of Rome's classical remains, it is also the ideal book for students and scholars approaching the ancient history of one of the world's most fascinating cities. • Covers all the major sites including the Capitoline, the Roman Forum, the Imperial Fora, the Palatine Hill, the Valley of the Colosseum, the Esquiline, the Caelian, the Quirinal, and the Campus Martius. • Discusses important clusters of sites-one on the area surrounding Circus Maximus and the other in the vicinity of the Trastevere, including the Aventine and the Vatican. • Covers the history and development of the city walls and aqueducts. • Follows major highways leading outside of the city to important and fascinating sites in the periphery of Rome. • Features 189 maps, drawings, and diagrams, and an appendix on building materials and techniques. • Includes an updated and expanded bibliography for students and scholars of Ancient Rome.