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This study assesses a 40‐day 3.25‐km global simulation of the Simple Cloud‐Resolving E3SM Model (SCREAMv0) using high‐resolution ground‐based observations from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon) field campaign. SCREAMv0 reasonably captures the diurnal timing of boundary layer clouds yet underestimates the boundary layer cloud fraction and mid‐level congestus. SCREAMv0 well replicates the precipitation diurnal cycle, however it exhibits biases in the precipitation cluster size distribution compared to scanning radar observations. Specifically, SCREAMv0 overproduces clusters smaller than 128 km, and does not form enough large clusters. Such biases suggest an inhibition of convective upscale growth, preventing isolated deep convective clusters from evolving into larger mesoscale systems. This model bias is partially attributed to the misrepresentation of land‐atmosphere coupling. This study highlights the potential use of high‐resolution ground‐based observations to diagnose convective processes in global storm resolving model simulations, identify key model deficiencies, and guide future process‐oriented model sensitivity tests and detailed analyses. Plain Language Summary This research examines how well a kilometer grid scale global atmospheric model—the Simple Cloud‐Resolving Energy Exascale Earth System Model (SCREAMv0)—performs in simulating clouds and rainfall over the Amazon rainforest region. The model was assessed by comparing to high‐resolution ground‐based observations from the Green Ocean Amazon field campaign supported by the Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program. The model struggles to produce enough middle‐level clouds. When comparing the simulated rainfall to radar observations, SCREAMv0 showed good performance on the diurnal pattern of rain rate, but tends to form too many small rain clusters while failing to create large ones. A possible contributor to these errors could be the inaccurate depiction of how the earth's surface and the atmosphere interact within the model. Overall, this study shows that using detailed DOE ARM data can help improve our understanding of clouds and rainfall in global storm resolving kilometer grid scale models. Key Points Convective processes in a global storm resolving model (SCREAMv0) are evaluated using ground‐based observations over a tropical rainforest SCREAMv0 captures the morning development of shallow convection and the early afternoon precipitation peak but lacks mid‐level congestus SCREAMv0 struggles to form large precipitation clusters greater than 128 km and produces smaller ones more often than observed

In this work, different aspects of the high-energy radiation are looked at considering the LHC scenario. An event-shape variable and several jet substructure observables are studied with the Mote Carlo event simulators at the 13 TeV center of mass energy scale to mimic the current LHC environment. The event-shape and the jet substructure observables are chosen such that they are not only sensitive to the different aspects of the high energy radiation measurement but also exhibit promising features to distinguish the possible existence of new physics that considers a dark matter candidate decaying into semi-visible jet. It is verified that the observables exhibit significant sensitivities to disentangle two jets to multi-jet radiations, presence of a final state and initial state radiations, presence of a large amount of missing transverse energy as a strong indication of the possible existence of a dark matter as well as couple of promising features of a semi-visible jet are explored.

Forcing the East Asian summer monsoonWhat factors have controlled the intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon over the recent geological past? To answer this key question requires a robust proxy for rainfall amounts. Beck et al. measured the beryllium isotopic content of loess from China, from which they reconstructed a 550,000-year-long record of rainfall. Rainfall correlated with orbital precession and global variations in ice volume. This finding suggests that the monsoon is governed by low-latitude interhemispheric gradients in solar radiation levels, rather than by high-northern-latitude solar radiation levels as previously suggested.Science, this issue p. 877Cosmogenic 10Be flux from the atmosphere is a proxy for rainfall. Using this proxy, we derived a 550,000-year-long record of East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) rainfall from Chinese loess. This record is forced at orbital precession frequencies, with higher rainfall observed during Northern Hemisphere summer insolation maxima, although this response is damped during cold interstadials. The 10Be monsoon rainfall proxy is also highly correlated with global ice-volume variations, which differs from Chinese cave δ18O, which is only weakly correlated. We argue that both EASM intensity and Chinese cave δ18O are not governed by high-northern-latitude insolation, as suggested by others, but rather by low-latitude interhemispheric insolation gradients, which may also strongly influence global ice volume via monsoon dynamics.

Between 1 September and 4 October 2014, a combined airborne and ground-based measurement campaign was conducted to study tropical deep convective clouds over the Brazilian Amazon rain forest. The new German research aircraft, High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO), a modified Gulfstream G550, and extensive ground-based instrumentation were deployed in and near Manaus (State of Amazonas). The campaign was part of the German–Brazilian Aerosol, Cloud, Precipitation, and Radiation Interactions and Dynamics of Convective Cloud Systems–Cloud Processes of the Main Precipitation Systems in Brazil: A Contribution to Cloud Resolving Modeling and to the GPM (Global Precipitation Measurement) (ACRIDICON–CHUVA) venture to quantify aerosol–cloud–precipitation interactions and their thermodynamic, dynamic, and radiative effects by in situ and remote sensing measurements over Amazonia. The ACRIDICON–CHUVA field observations were carried out in cooperation with the second intensive operating period of Green Ocean Amazon 2014/15 (GoAmazon2014/5). In this paper we focus on the airborne data measured on HALO, which was equipped with about 30 in situ and remote sensing instruments for meteorological, trace gas, aerosol, cloud, precipitation, and spectral solar radiation measurements. Fourteen research flights with a total duration of 96 flight hours were performed. Five scientific topics were pursued: 1) cloud vertical evolution and life cycle (cloud profiling), 2) cloud processing of aerosol particles and trace gases (inflow and outflow), 3) satellite and radar validation (cloud products), 4) vertical transport and mixing (tracer experiment), and 5) cloud formation over forested/deforested areas. Data were collected in near-pristine atmospheric conditions and in environments polluted by biomass burning and urban emissions. The paper presents a general introduction of the ACRIDICON–CHUVA campaign (motivation and addressed research topics) and of HALO with its extensive instrument package, as well as a presentation of a few selected measurement results acquired during the flights for some selected scientific topics.

The Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility (www.arm.gov) provides atmospheric observations from diverse climatic regimes around the world. Because it is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) user facility, ARM data are freely available to anyone through the ARM Data Archive. With 20 years of operations, the facility recently added two mobile facilities and an aerial facility to its network of fixed-location sites. Research using ARM data has led to advances in areas ranging from radiative transfer to cloud microphysics. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 allowed ARM to enhance its observational capabilities with a broad array of new instruments at its fixed and mobile sites and the aerial facility. Instruments include scanning radars; water vapor, cloud/aerosol extinction, and Doppler lidars; aerosol instruments for measuring optical, physical, and chemical properties; and aircraft probes for measuring cloud and aerosol properties. Taking full advantage of these instruments will involve the development of complex data products. This work is underway but will benefit from engagement with the broader scientific community. This article describes the current status of the ARM research capabilities with an emphasis on developments over the past eight years since ARM was designated a DOE scientific user facility, reviews some of scientific advances made using the ARM Facility over the past two decades, and describes the new measurement capabilities and adaptations of the ARM facility to make effective use of these capabilities.

Other payloads include commercial experiments exploring how to develop water and food production on the Moon, as well as an instrument to measure radiation levels. The instrument is expected to power up soon after launch, and to gather radiation data as the lander flies to the Moon. Planners of future Moon missions should consider using radioisotope power systems to provide heat and electricity, says Hannah Sargeant, a planetary scientist at the University of Leicester, UK, who is working with ispace on mission concepts.

The Nd-doped LaMgAl11O19 single crystals were synthesized by the floating zone method, and the photoluminescence and scintillation properties were evaluated. Under X-ray irradiation, several sharp emission peaks due to the 4f–4f transitions of Nd3+ were observed at 900, 1060, and 1340 nm in the near-infrared range, and the decay curves show the typical decay time for Nd3+. The samples show good afterglow properties comparable with practical X-ray scintillators. The 1% and 3% Nd-doped LaMgAl11O19 samples show a good linearity in the dynamic range from 6–60,000 mGy/h.

Wadi Nassib, Egypt, has significantly higher natural radiation levels compared to global averages, particularly in uranium, thorium, radium, and potassium. This raises concerns for resident health due to potential radiation exposure. The study suggests these elements may have different origins and emphasizes the need for monitoring and managing such elevated natural radioactivity.