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By 1897 Guglielmo Marconi had transformed James Clerk Maxwell's theory of electromagnetic waves into a workable wireless telegraphy system, and by 1907 Lee de Forest had invented the audion, a feedback amplifier and oscillator that opened the way to practical radio transmission. Fifteen years after Marconi's invention, wireless had become an essential means of communication, as well as a hobby for many. This book offers a new perspective on the early days of wireless communication. Drawing on previously untapped archival evidence and recent work in the history and sociology of science and technology, it examines the substance and context of both experimental and theoretical aspects of engineering and scientific practices in the first years of this technology. It offers new insights into the relationship between Marconi and his scientific advisor, the physicist John Ambrose Fleming (inventor of the vacuum tube). It includes the full story of the infamous 1903 incident in which Marconi's opponent Nevil Maskelyne interfered with Fleming's public demonstration of Marconi's syntonic (tuning) system at the Royal Institution by sending derogatory messages from his own transmitter. The analysis of the Maskelyne affair highlights the struggle between Marconi and his opponents, the efficacy of early syntonic devices, Fleming's role as a public witness to Marconi's private experiments, and the nature of Marconi's \"shows.\" It also provides a rare case study of how the credibility of an engineer can be created, consumed, and suddenly destroyed. The book concludes with a discussion of de Forest's audion and the shift from wireless telegraphy to radio.

The behind-the-scenes story of how admen and sponsors helped shape broadcasting into a popular commercial entertainment medium. During the \"golden age\" of radio, from roughly the late 1920s until the late 1940s, advertising agencies were arguably the most important sources of radio entertainment. Most nationally broadcast programs on network radio were created, produced, written, and/or managed by advertising agencies: for example, J. Walter Thompson produced \"Kraft Music Hall\" for Kraft; Benton & Bowles oversaw \"Show Boat\" for Maxwell House Coffee; and Young & Rubicam managed \"Town Hall Tonight\" with comedian Fred Allen for Bristol-Myers. Yet this fact has disappeared from popular memory and receives little attention from media scholars and historians. By repositioning the advertising industry as a central agent in the development of broadcasting, author Cynthia B. Meyers challenges conventional views about the role of advertising in culture, the integration of media industries, and the role of commercialism in broadcasting history. Based largely on archival materials, A Word from Our Sponsor mines agency records from the J. Walter Thompson papers at Duke University, which include staff meeting transcriptions, memos, and account histories; agency records of BBDO, Benton & Bowles, Young & Rubicam, and N. W. Ayer; contemporaneous trade publications; and the voluminous correspondence between NBC and agency executives in the NBC Records at the Wisconsin Historical Society. Mediating between audiences' desire for entertainment and advertisers' desire for sales, admen combined \"showmanship\" with \"salesmanship\" to produce a uniquely American form of commercial culture. In recounting the history of this form, Meyers enriches and corrects our understanding not only of broadcasting history but also of advertising history, business history, and American cultural history from the 1920s to the 1940s.

The United States ushered in a new era of small-scale broadcasting in 2000 when it began issuing low-power FM (LPFM) licenses for noncommercial radio stations around the country. Over the next decade, several hundred of these newly created low-wattage stations took to the airwaves. InLow Power to the People, Christina Dunbar-Hester describes the practices of an activist organization focused on LPFM during this era. Despite its origins as a pirate broadcasting collective, the group eventually shifted toward building and expanding regulatory access to new, licensed stations. These radio activists consciously cast radio as an alternative to digital utopianism, promoting an understanding of electronic media that emphasizes the local community rather than a global audience of Internet users.Dunbar-Hester focuses on how these radio activists impute emancipatory politics to the \"old\" medium of radio technology by promoting the idea that \"microradio\" broadcasting holds the potential to empower ordinary people at the local community level. The group's methods combine political advocacy with a rare commitment to hands-on technical work with radio hardware, although the activists' hands-on, inclusive ethos was hampered by persistent issues of race, class, and gender. Dunbar-Hester's study of activism around an \"old\" medium offers broader lessons about how political beliefs are expressed through engagement with specific technologies. It also offers insight into contemporary issues in media policy that is particularly timely as the FCC issues a new round of LPFM licenses.

A practical guide to radio channel measurement techniques Whilst there are numerous books describing modern wireless communication systems that contain overviews of radio propagation and radio channel modelling, few contain detailed information on the design, implementation and calibration of radio channel measurement equipment, the planning of experiments and the in depth analysis of measured data. This work redresses that balance. Beginning with an explanation of the fundamentals of radio wave propagation, the book progresses through a series of topics, including the measurement of radio channel characteristics, radio channel sounders, measurement strategies, data analysis techniques and radio channel modelling. Application of results for the prediction of achievable digital link performance are discussed with examples pertinent to single carrier, multi-carrier and spread spectrum radio links. It addresses specifics of communications in various different frequency bands for both long range and short range fixed and mobile radio links. Key features: Focuses on radio channel measurements and characterization with analysis of MIMO channels Discusses the physical and technical considerations involved in the proper assessment of radio channel characteristics for efficient radio system planning, design, and implementation Provides in-depth information on the planning of experiments and the detailed analysis of measured data from radio propagation and channel modelling Unique practical approach describing how to design and implement channel sounders

This collection analyses the regulatory aspects of harmful interference faced by those entities operating space communication and broadcasting. While technology reacts to this international phenomenon with the development of continuously improving technological systems for preventing and combating harmful interference, its international regulatory and legal framework develops at a much slower pace. Issues discussed include the increasing deterioration of signals from broadcasting and communication satellites, including cases of intentional interference known as `jamming’; the human rights balance between freedom of expression and protection from hate speech; the efficacy of the current regulatory system and the legal consequences of non-compliance; the role of national authorities, and supranational bodies such as the EU and UN. The contributors include experts drawn from international and national academia, the ITU, national regulatory authorities and operators to present an international, multidimensional, and critical analysis of this complex phenomenon. Introduction, Mahulena Hofmann. Part I Harmful Interference in the Context of the ITU Framework: 'Harmful interference' and the ITU, Francis Lyall; ITU and harmful interference prevention, Mitsuhiro Sakamoto; Dealing with harmful interference: the Protostar case, Elina Morozova and Yaroslav Vasyanin; Radio frequency interference in the Earth Exploration Satellite Service: the case of the European Space Agency's SMOS mission, Alexander Soucek; Contractual responses to loss of satellite based services, Lesley Jane Smith. Part II Harmful Interference in the Context of Space Law: The 'space side' to 'harmful interference' - evaluating regulatory instruments in addressing interference issues in the context of satellite communications, Frans von der Dunk; Harmful interference in telecommunications under international and national space law, Jean-Francois Mayence. Part III Harmful Interference in the Context of European Law: European law as an instrument for avoiding harmful interference, Gerry Oberst; The European Commission's proposal for a 'connected continent', Max Spielmann. Part IV Harmful Interference from the Perspective of National Law: Harmful interference from the Netherlands Radiocommunication Agency perspective, Johan Kroon; Satellite harmful interference: a U.S. Telecom perspective, Justin (Gus) Hurwitz. Part V Other Instruments for Avoiding Harmful Interference: New and alternative means for safeguarding the efficient use of spectrum resources for satellite communications, Simona Spassova; Harmful interference and human rights, Olga Batura. Part VI Outstanding Issues: The restructuring of an intergovernmental satellite communications organisation from a Luxmbourg perspective, Guy Modert. Professor Mahulena Hofmann, SES Chair in Space Communication and Media Law at the University of Luxembourg. Prior to her appointment at the University of Luxembourg, Professor Hofmann was the holder of the Jean Monnet Chair in European Law and Transition Studies at the Faculty of Law, Justus Liebig University of Giessen. At the same time she served as a Senior Research Fellow at the renowned Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law where her research activities were in the field of International Space and Telecommunications Law, as well as the public law of Central and Eastern European countries. Member of the European Centre for Space Law and an Expert Committee of the Council of Europe dealing with regional and minority languages, she has a rich scientific profile encompassing all aspects of Satellite Communication and Media Law.

Modeled after the BBC, the Palestine Broadcasting Service was launched in 1936 to serve as the national radio station of Mandate Palestine, playing a pivotal role in shaping the culture of the emerging middle class in the region. Despite its significance, the PBS has become nearly forgotten by scholars of twentieth-century Middle Eastern studies. Drawn extensively from British and Israeli archival sources,\"This Is Jerusalem Calling\"traces the compelling history of the PBS's twelve years of operation, illuminating crucial aspects of a period when Jewish and Arab national movements simultaneously took form. Andrea L. Stanton describes the ways in which the mandate government used broadcasting to cater to varied audiences, including rural Arab listeners, in an attempt to promote a \"modern\" vision of Arab Palestine as an urbane, politically sophisticated region. In addition to programming designed for the education of the peasantry, religious broadcasting was created to appeal to all three main faith communities in Palestine, which ultimately may have had a disintegrating, separatist effect. Stanton's research brings to light the manifestation of Britain's attempts to prepare its mandate state for self-governance while supporting the aims of Zionists. While the PBS did not create the conflict between Arab Palestinians and Zionists, the service reflected, articulated, and magnified such tensions during an era when radio broadcasting was becoming a key communication tool for emerging national identities around the globe.