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Climbing the Charts
Despite the growth of digital media, traditional FM radio airplay still remains the essential way for musicians to achieve commercial success.Climbing the Chartsexamines how songs rise, or fail to rise, up the radio airplay charts. Looking at the relationships between record labels, tastemakers, and the public, Gabriel Rossman develops a clear picture of the roles of key players and the gatekeeping mechanisms in the commercial music industry. Along the way, he explores its massive inequalities, debunks many popular misconceptions about radio stations' abilities to dictate hits, and shows how a song diffuses throughout the nation to become a massive success.
Contrary to the common belief that Clear Channel sees every sparrow that falls, Rossman demonstrates that corporate radio chains neither micromanage the routine decision of when to start playing a new single nor make top-down decisions to blacklist such politically inconvenient artists as the Dixie Chicks. Neither do stations imitate either ordinary peers or the so-called kingmaker radio stations who are wrongly believed to be able to make or break a single. Instead, Rossman shows that hits spread rapidly across radio because they clearly conform to an identifiable style or genre. Radio stations respond to these songs, and major labels put their money behind them through extensive marketing and promotion efforts, including the illegal yet time-honored practice of payoffs known within the industry as payola.
Climbing the Chartsprovides a fresh take on the music industry and a model for understanding the diffusion of innovation.
eBook
The Listener's Voice
During the Jazz Age and Great Depression, radio broadcasters did not conjure their listening public with a throw of a switch; the public had a hand in its own making.The Listener's Voicedescribes how a diverse array of Americans-boxing fans, radio amateurs, down-and-out laborers, small-town housewives, black government clerks, and Mexican farmers-participated in the formation of American radio, its genres, and its operations.
Before the advent of sophisticated marketing research, radio producers largely relied on listeners' phone calls, telegrams, and letters to understand their audiences. Mining this rich archive, historian Elena Razlogova meticulously recreates the world of fans who undermined centralized broadcasting at each creative turn in radio history. Radio outlaws, from the earliest squatter stations and radio tube bootleggers to postwar \"payola-hungry\" rhythm and blues DJs, provided a crucial source of innovation for the medium. Engineers bent patent regulations. Network writers negotiated with devotees. Program managers invited high school students to spin records. Taken together, these and other practices embodied a participatory ethic that listeners articulated when they confronted national corporate networks and the formulaic ratings system that developed.
Using radio as a lens to examine a moral economy that Americans have imagined for their nation,The Listener's Voicedemonstrates that tenets of cooperation and reciprocity embedded in today's free software, open access, and filesharing activities apply to earlier instances of cultural production in American history, especially at times when new media have emerged.
eBook
Transmitting the Past
Original essays exploring important developments in radio
and television broadcasting
The essays included in this collection represent some of the
best cultural and historical research on broadcasting in the U.
S. today. Each one concentrates on a particular event in
broadcast history—beginning with Marconi’s
introduction of wireless technology in 1899.
Michael Brown examines newspaper reporting in America of
Marconi's belief in Martians, stories that effectively rendered
Marconi inconsequential to the further development of radio.
The widespread installation of radios in automobiles in the
1950s, Matthew Killmeier argues, paralleled the development of
television and ubiquitous middle-class suburbia in America.
Heather Hundley analyzes depictions of male and female
promiscuity as presented in the sitcom
Cheers at a time concurrent with media coverage of the
AIDS crisis. Fritz Messere examines the Federal Radio Act of
1927 and the clash of competing ideas about what role radio
should play in American life. Chad Dell recounts the high-brow
programming strategy NBC adopted in 1945 to distinguish itself
from other networks. And George Plasketes studies the critical
reactions to
Cop Rock, an ill-fated combination of police drama and
musical, as an example of society's resistance to genre-mixing
or departures from formulaic programming.
The result is a collection that represents some of the most
recent and innovative scholarship, cultural and historical, on
the intersections of broadcasting and American cultural,
political, and economic life.
eBook
Sounds of Belonging
The last two decades have produced continued Latino population growth, and marked shifts in both communications and immigration policy. Since the 1990s, Spanish- language radio has dethroned English-language radio stations in major cities across the United States, taking over the number one spot in Los Angeles, Houston, Miami, and New York City. Investigating the cultural and political history of U.S. Spanish-language broadcasts throughout the twentieth century,andnbsp;Sounds of Belongingandnbsp;reveals how these changes have helped Spanish-language radio secure its dominance in the major U.S. radio markets.andnbsp;Bringing together theories on the immigration experience with sound and radio studies, Dolores Ines Casillas documents how Latinos form listening relationships with Spanish-language radio programming. Using a vast array of sources, from print culture and industry journals to sound archives of radio programming, she reflects on institutional growth, the evolution of programming genres, and reception by the radio industry and listeners to map the trajectory of Spanish-language radio, from its grassroots origins to the current corporate-sponsored business it has become. Casillas focuses on Latinos' use of Spanish-language radio to help navigate their immigrant experiences with U.S. institutions, for example in broadcasting discussions about immigration policies while providing anonymity for a legally vulnerable listenership.andnbsp;Sounds of Belongingandnbsp;proposes that debates of citizenship are not always formal personal appeals but a collective experience heard loudly through broadcast radio.
eBook
Radio’s Intimate Public
Jason Loviglio shows how early network radio produced a new type of community marked by contradictions and tensions between public and private, mass media and democracy, and nation and family. Examining a broad range of radio programs, including Vox Pop, and FDR's Fireside Chats, Radio's Intimate Public illustrates how media space promised listeners a fantasy of social mobility and access._x000B_
eBook