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"Radiography"
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Do We Really Need to Worry About Calcaneocuboid Subluxation During Lateral Column Lengthening for Planovalgus Foot Deformity?
Category:
Midfoot/Forefoot; Other
Introduction/Purpose:
While lengthening of the lateral column through a calcaneal neck osteotomy is an integral component of flatfoot reconstruction in younger patients with flexible planovalgus deformities, the procedure has been implicated in iatrogenic calcaneocuboid (CC) subluxation and subsequent degenerative changes at the CC articulation. The purpose of this study is to characterize alterations at the CC joint following lateral column lengthening (LCL) as well as to determine if Steinman pin stabilization of the CC joint prior to distraction maintains a normal CC relationship.
Methods:
Seven matched pairs of fresh frozen cadaveric feet underwent pre-procedure plain radiography and cross-sectional computed tomography (CT) imaging. LCL via a calcaneal neck osteotomy was then performed. One foot of each matched pair had a single smooth Steinman pin placed centrally across the CC joint prior to osteotomy distraction. Distraction across each osteotomy was then performed and maintained with a 12mm porous titanium wedge. Repeat imaging was obtained and compared to pre-procedure studies to quantify sagittal and rotational differences at the CC articulation
Results:
Following LCL, plain radiography demonstrated statistically significant increases in the percentage of the calcaneal articular surface dorsal to the superior aspect of the cuboid in both the pinned (8.2% vs 17.6%, p=0.02) and unpinned (12.5% vs 16.3%, p=0.04) specimens. No difference in the percentage of subluxation was found between the two groups following LCL. CT imaging demonstrated statistically significant increases in rotation between the calcaneus and cuboid following LCL in both the pinned (7.6O +- 5.6O, p=0.01) and unpinned (17O +- 12.3O, p=0.01) specimens. Though a greater degree of rotation was present in the unpinned specimens following LCL, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.28).
Conclusion:
Both sagittal and rotatory subluxation seem to occur at the CC joint following LCL regardless of pin stabilization. As a single pin would be expected to limit pure translation while having little effect on rotation, it is possible that the rotational changes identified on three-dimensional imaging are interpreted as dorsal translation when viewed two dimensionally using plain radiography. Consideration should therefore be given to CC stabilization with two pins during LCL to prevent this rotatory subluxation.
Journal Article
Correction: Dental radiography and safety awareness: Insights from radiographers, dentists, and students in a cross-sectional study
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314884.].
Journal Article
Best clinical practice guidance for prescribing dental radiographs in children and adolescents: an EAPD policy document
Background
The European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) proposes this best clinical practice guidance to help practitioners decide when and how to prescribe dental radiographs in children and adolescents.
Methods
Four expert working groups conducted each a systematic review of the literature. The main subjects were radiation protection, intraoral dental radiography (bitewing and periapical radiographs), panoramic radiography (PR) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In addition, three workshops were held during the corresponding EAPD Interim Seminar in Chania (Crete, Greece) in 2019. On the basis of the identified evidence, all invited experts presented their findings and during the workshops aspects of clinical relevance were discussed.
Results
Several clinical-based recommendations and statements were agreed upon.
Conclusion
There is no or low-grade evidence about the efficacy of dental radiographic examinations in young populations. The given recommendations and rationales should be understood as best clinical practice guidance. It is essential to respect the radiological principles of an individualized and patient-specific justification. When a dental radiograph is required, its application needs to be optimized, aiming at limiting the patient’s exposure to ionising radiation according to the ALADAIP principle (
A
s
L
ow
A
s
D
iagnostically
A
chievable being
I
ndication-oriented and
P
atient-specific).
Journal Article
Scanning the Pharaohs : CT Imaging of the New Kingdom Royal Mummies
\"The royal mummies in the Cairo Museum are an important source of information about the lives of the ancient Egyptians. The remains of these pharaohs and queens can inform us about their age at death and medical conditions from which they may have suffered, as well as the mummification process and objects placed within the wrappings. Using the latest technology, including Multi-Detector Computed Tomography and DNA analysis, co-authors Zahi Hawass and Sahar Saleem present the results of the examination of royal mummies of the Eighteenth to Twentieth Dynasties. New imaging techniques not only reveal a wealth of information about each mummy, but render amazingly lifelike and detailed images of the remains. In addition, utilizing 3D images, the anatomy of each face has been discerned for a more accurate interpretation of a mummy's facial features. This latest research has uncovered some surprising results about the genealogy of, and familial relationships between, these ancient individuals, as well as some unexpected medical finds. Historical information is provided to place the royal mummies in context, and the book with its many illustrations will appeal to Egyptologists, paleopathologists, and non-specialists alike, as the authors seek to uncover the secrets of these most fascinating members of the New Kingdom royal families.\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Clinical Applications of Digital Dental Technology
Digital equipment in all dental practices is commonplace. From digital imaging through electronic recordkeeping, general dentists and specialists are seeing more accurate diagnoses, faster treatment times, and lower costs for equipment. Here in one volume is a comprehensive look at the digital technology available, describing indications, contraindications, advantages, disadvantages, limitations, and applications in the various dental fields. Included are digital imaging, digital impressions, digital operative dentistry, digital prosthodontics, digital implant fabrication and placement, and digital applications in endodontics, orthodontics, and oral surgery. The book is ideal for dental students seeking a reference for digital dental technology and for seasoned practitioners and specialists interested in incorporating digital technology in their daily practice.
eBook