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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227773.].

Digital equipment in all dental practices is commonplace. From digital imaging through electronic recordkeeping, general dentists and specialists are seeing more accurate diagnoses, faster treatment times, and lower costs for equipment. Here in one volume is a comprehensive look at the digital technology available, describing indications, contraindications, advantages, disadvantages, limitations, and applications in the various dental fields. Included are digital imaging, digital impressions, digital operative dentistry, digital prosthodontics, digital implant fabrication and placement, and digital applications in endodontics, orthodontics, and oral surgery. The book is ideal for dental students seeking a reference for digital dental technology and for seasoned practitioners and specialists interested in incorporating digital technology in their daily practice.

This publication provides a framework for the quality control (QC) of radiographic and mammographic imaging systems using remote and automated tools.The methodology provided in this publication is designed to be easy to implement, in order to support initiation of remote/automated QC programmes.

Personal identification is often an essential contribution of forensic anthropologists in medicolegal death investigations. This research evaluated the accuracy and reliability of radiographic features of the lateral foot when used by professionals and graduate students in forensic anthropology for purposes of identification. A survey comprising five scenarios, each with one antemortem lateral foot radiograph and 20 postmortem lateral foot radiographs, was provided to participants (n = 35) from which they were asked to conclude an identification, an exclusion, or insufficient evidence. Four of the five scenarios included a postmortem match for the antemortem film, and one scenario did not have an associated match for the antemortem among the postmortems. The findings of this study indicate practitioners can reliably use lateral foot radiographs for positive identification or exclusion of tentative identities in comparative medical radiography casework with an overall correct classification rate (CCR) of 94.19% and a positive predictive value of 95.87%. Pairwise Mann–Whitney U tests for evaluator profession and evaluator case experience produced nonsignificant p-values (p ≥ 0.05) for all tests, suggesting identification accuracy is independent of observer profession and case experience.

Whilst digital radiography (DR) is often seen as the “bread and butter” of medical imaging, there have been considerable advances in technology in the last two decades. Research and education need to move with these new technologies to recognise and take advantage of evolving technologies and optimisation methods that are not constrained by film/screen limitations. Now is an excellent time for radiographers, physicists and students to embark on original and contemporary research into DR.

When fracture management includes operative fixation with a load-sharing construct in good-quality bone, screening for healing problems or hardware failure with radiographs in the first 6 postoperative weeks may be unnecessary. I sought to determine Canadian orthopedic surgeons’ current protocol for early postoperative radiographs of stable, internally fixed fractures as well as their willingness to adopt a simplified protocol. Members of the Canadian Orthopaedic Association were surveyed electronically. Five examples of surgically treated fractures were chosen to represent the spectrum of load-sharing constructs. The survey collected demographic data and inquired about current postoperative radiograph protocols and consideration of a simplified protocol. Of the 822 emailed invitations to complete the survey, 400 were opened and 243 surveys were completed. Most participants (91%) practised in Canada and managed some trauma (91%), but were not trauma specialists (82%). Surgeon experience was equally distributed. Sixty-six percent of respondents acquire immediate postoperative radiographs after femur and tibia intramedullary nails, and 62% repeat radiographs at 2-week follow-up. Fifty-one percent of respondents acquire immediate postoperative radiographs after forearm, humerus and ankle internal fixation, and 69% repeat radiographs at 2-week follow-up. Of the respondents who currently acquire radiographs, 33% would consider foregoing immediate postoperative radiographs after intramedullary nailing of femur and tibia fractures, while 25% would forego them at 2-week follow-up. Similarly, 58% would consider foregoing radiographs immediately after internal fixation of forearm, humerus and ankle fractures, while 24% would forego them at 2-week follow-up. Many Canadian orthopedic surgeons do not acquire screening postoperative radiographs after stable fracture fixation, and many more are willing to adopt this practice. These findings support investigating the safety and cost-effectiveness of a simplified postoperative radiographic protocol. Lorsqu’une facture est prise en charge par fixation peropératoire au moyen d’une structure répartissant les charges dans un os de bonne qualité, il peut être inutile d’effectuer des radiographies pour dépister les problèmes de consolidation ou les défaillances matérielles dans les 6 semaines suivant l’intervention. J’ai voulu déterminer le protocole actuellement utilisé par les chirurgiens orthopédistes canadiens quant aux radiographies effectuées peu après une opération de fracture stabilisée par fixation interne, ainsi que la volonté des chirurgiens d’adopter un protocole simplifié. Un sondage électronique a été envoyé aux membres de l’Association canadienne d’orthopédie; 5 exemples sélectionnés de fractures traitées par chirurgie y ont été utilisés pour représenter l’éventail de structures répartissant les charges. Des données démographiques ont été recueillies dans le sondage, qui comportait des questions sur les protocoles actuels de radiographie postopératoire et la prise en considération d’un protocole simplifié. Sur les 822 courriels d’invitation, 400 ont été ouverts; 243 personnes ont répondu au sondage. La plupart des répondants exerçaient au Canada (91 %) et prenaient en charge certains cas de traumatologie (91 %), mais n’étaient pas traumatologues (82 %). L’échantillon était composé de chirurgiens possédant divers degrés d’expérience selon une répartition homogène. Parmi les répondants, 66 % font une radiographie postopératoire immédiatement après l’enclouage centromédullaire de fractures du fémur et du tibia, et 62 %, une autre radiographie lors d’un suivi 2 semaines plus tard. En outre, 51 % des répondants font une radiographie postopératoire immédiatement après fixation interne de fractures de l’avant-bras, de l’humérus et de la cheville, et 69 %, une autre radiographie lors du suivi 2 semaines plus tard. Parmi les répondants qui font actuellement des radiographies, 33 % envisageraient d’y renoncer immédiatement après l’enclouage centromédullaire de fractures du fémur et du tibia, tandis que 25 % y renonceraient lors du suivi 2 semaines suivant l’intervention. De façon similaire, 58 % envisageraient de renoncer à la radiographie immédiate après fixation interne de fractures de l’avant-bras, de l’humérus et de la cheville, tandis que 24 % y renonceraient lors du suivi 2 semaines plus tard. Bon nombre de chirurgiens orthopédistes canadiens ne procèdent pas à une radiographie postopératoire de dépistage après stabilisation d’une fracture par fixation, et de nombreux autres seraient prêts à emboîter le pas. Ces résultats sont en faveur de l’étude de la sécurité et du rapport coût-efficacité associés à un protocole de radiographie postopératoire simplifié.