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This paper proposes a rain coat design and development process based on objective analysis of user needs. The proposed raincoat is developed aiming at children for age group 7–8 years. The proposed design process starts with personal interviews and participant observation. The user needs analysis will be realized in this process regarding the user need categories of functional, expressive, and aesthetic needs.These needs led to the further development of design criteria.These criteria were then translated into raincoat attributes and used in the development of a raincoat prototype. Finally, the raincoat prototype was evaluated regarding the design criteria. The final design combines the desired functional, expressive, and aesthetic attributes as outlined by the design criteria.

Oribatid mites of the family Liacaridae comprise a large number of species with smooth and shiny body surfaces that display extraordinary anti-wetting properties. The principle of liacarid unwettability is not related to micro-structured surfaces as present in many Oribatida (“Lotus effect”) but the formation of raincoat-like lipid layers covering the epicuticle. We here conducted a comparative study on the chemistry of cuticular lipid layers in a selection of Liacaridae, including representatives of all major Central European genera, Liacarus, Dorycranosus, Adoristes, and Xenillus. Cuticular lipids of unwettable individuals were removed from mite bodies by hexane extraction, and were analyzed by GC–MS. Basically, two chemically distinguishable systems were found. Type I: cuticular lipids of Liacarus subterraneus, L. coracinus, L. nitens, Dorycranosus curtipilis, and Xenillus tegeocranus contained different carboxylic acids (C8-, C10-, C10:1-, C10:2-acids) and their corresponding di-glycerides in species-specific combinations. Type II: Adoristes ovatus exhibited a system of cuticular lipids composed of esters of pentanoic- and heptanoic acids with C14-, C15-, C16- and C17-alcohols. Interestingly, the chemistry of surface lipids did not reflect the morphology of the cuticle in the species investigated. Smooth and shiny cuticles, though exhibiting a specific pattern of round or slit-like pores, were found in representatives of Liacarus, Dorycranosus (all of which exhibiting cuticular chemistry of type I) and Adoristes (exhibiting cuticular chemistry of type II). Xenillus, possessing a rough, cerotegumental cement layer-covered surface, showed type I-chemistry. The acid–esters systems herein investigated are considered characteristic for the cuticular chemistry of Liacaridae or a lineage of these, and provide first insights into the comparative chemistry of the inner (=lipid) layer of the oribatid cerotegument.

Gregg is at a clothing factory in South Shields where they make 650 wax jackets a day. Cherry learns about the science of staying dry. Ruth investigates the fishy history of waxed jackets.

Use Woodland camouflage paint Oxford fabric as base cloth, first the light pressure processing was used on the fabric, and then use polyurethane which has high water vapor permeability performance and other various additives as face glue and Bottom glue, the fabric was compounded a thin macromolecule hydrophilic polymer PU film, the fabric was water allocation processed after stripping, At last the fabric will have high performance of the windproof, waterproof and moisture permeability. After testing, the performance index of the fabric are: the smoothness appearance of fabrics after cleaning≥grade4.0; hydrostatic pressure≥10000mmH2O, after 20 times washing≥5000mmH2O, The surface water repellency level≥grade 4.0,after 20 times washing≥grade3.0, water vapor permeability≥3500g/(m2·24h); Electrostatic charge density≥2.5uc/m2; humid air accelerated aging grade≥4.0.Test data shows that the designed functional fabric meet the technology requirement of the standards, meet the demand of the customer’s use requirements.

A poem is presented.

This essay is the first of a three-part series entitled:The Veil of Esteem: On Seeing Oneself Being Seen. Inspired by Walter Benjamin's “reflection through vignette” method, I inquire into the notions and interconnections between memory and esteem. Esteem is the truth of oneself through the eyes of the other, and any truth of esteem must be told from the perspective of that other, through the spectating other. Thus, I find that any story of esteem is veiled. This first part,Fragment/Never Thinking of Tomorrow, interrogates the role of fiction as a necessary component of the practice of memorialization. The story is narrated not as a representation of a person or of people, but the discourse through which I have been lent her voice. I am the translator through which she is now speaking. The translator is the producer of the discourse that suffocates her and allows her to breathe in gasped breaths, the producer of the discourse that both takes away her voice and gives her voice. The second part of this series,Riddle and Accident, appears inCultural Studies ⇔ Critical MethodologiesVolume 12, Issue 2; the third part,A Loan, appears inQualitative InquiryVolume 18, Issue 4.