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"Rama"
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Rendezvous with Rama
\"The enigmatic object christened Rama was detected while still outside the orbit of Jupiter. A first radar contact at such a distance was unprecedented, indicating that Rama was of exceptional size. As it raced through the Solar System, it became apparent that Rama was a cylinder so geometrically perfect that it might have been turned on a gigantic lathe. Mankind was about to receive its first visitor from the stars\"--Back cover.
Book
Ángel Rama en la coyuntura posmoderna
Archivo histórico de Kipus: Revista Andina de Letras y Estudios Culturales, 1995.
Journal Article
Biblioteca Ayacucho: the Latin American Encyclopedia of Ángel Rama
El artículo reconstruye las políticas editoriales de Ángel Rama como director literario de la Biblioteca Ayacucho, haciendo hincapié en la formación de redes intelectuales en América Latina y en la consolidación de un canon latinoamericano no solo a partir de la selección de los títulos reeditados en la colección, sino también de sus paratextos, en particular los prólogos de cada volumen. Las reediciones de la Biblioteca Ayacucho buscan abarcar un conjunto de saberes para ofrecer a los lectores un conocimiento enciclopédico del espacio latinoamericano.
Journal Article
Multidrug efflux pumps in Gram-negative bacteria and their role in antibiotic resistance
Gram-negative bacteria express a plethora of efflux pumps that are capable of transporting structurally varied molecules, including antibiotics, out of the bacterial cell. This efflux lowers the intracellular antibiotic concentration, allowing bacteria to survive at higher antibiotic concentrations. Overexpression of some efflux pumps can cause clinically relevant levels of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative pathogens. This review discusses the role of efflux in resistance of clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria, the regulatory mechanisms that control efflux pump expression, the recent advances in our understanding of efflux pump structure and how inhibition of efflux is a promising future strategy for tackling multidrug resistance in Gram-negative pathogens.
Journal Article
ÁNGEL RAMA y REINALDO ARENAS EN ESTADOS UNIDOS: INTELECTClALES ESPECULARlOS Y LA CULTURA CRÍTICA DE HOY
Archivo histórico de Kipus: Revista Andina de Letras y Estudios Culturales, 2000.
Journal Article
Impact of Indian Ocean Dipole and El Niño/Southern Oscillation wind-forcing on the Wyrtki jets
Interannual variability of the Wyrtki jets is studied in the context of Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) wind‐forcing using a three dimensional numerical ocean model and observations. The boreal fall (October–November) Wyrtki jet is more significantly affected than the boreal spring (April–May) Wyrtki jet since both the IOD and ENSO tend to peak toward the end of the calendar year. Various statistical methods are used in an attempt to separate the impacts of the IOD and ENSO on these jets, with emphasis on the fall jet. The first two modes of an Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) decomposition account for about 90% and 85% of variability in zonal currents and wind stress respectively along the equator in the Indian Ocean, but EOF analysis does not cleanly separate out IOD and ENSO forcing and response. Partial correlation analysis reveals that IOD wind‐forcing and zonal equatorial current response are stronger on average than for ENSO and extend further west across the basin. Composite analysis of IOD only, ENSO only, and combined IOD and ENSO years provides a complementary definition of the relative contributions of these two phenomena on Wyrtki jet variability and in general is consistent with the results of the partial correlation analysis. Key Points Numerical simulation of Wyrtki jets Influence of ENSO on Wyrtki jets ENSO and IOD forcing on EIO is quantified
Journal Article
Observation Impact of Moored Buoys in the Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean During Boreal Winter Using Ensemble‐Based Forecast Sensitivity to Observations
ABSTRACT Understanding the impact of marine meteorological observations is crucial for improving atmospheric analyzes, particularly in data‐sparse oceanic regions. This study investigated the impact of marine meteorological observations on atmospheric forecasts over the eastern tropical Indian Ocean, using the Ensemble‐based Forecast Sensitivity to Observations (EFSO) technique. 17‐year statistics revealed pronounced seasonality; impacts were significantly greater during boreal winter than in summer, despite comparable observation frequencies. Focusing on moored buoys, the results showed a strong correspondence between observation impacts and the intensity of atmospheric disturbances. High impacts were spatially aligned with eastward‐propagating moist convective disturbances such as the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO). The impact of the buoys near 95°E increased across a broad area associated with MJO passage. Even behind the MJO‐active phase, enhanced impacts were detected from small‐scale moist convective disturbances, though their spatial influence was more limited. Observation type comparison revealed that near 95°E, the impact of surface marine observations increased markedly with convective activity, accompanied by enhanced satellite‐derived impacts. Moist energy accounted for the largest share of the total observation impacts, followed by kinetic energy, highlighting the role of near‐surface marine observations in improving the representation of low‐level moisture and wind structures essential for the development of moist atmospheric disturbances.
Journal Article
Acceptance sampling plans based on truncated life tests for Rama distribution
Purpose
Lifetime data are used in many different applied sciences, like biomedicine, engineering, insurance and finance and others. The purpose of this paper is to develop a new acceptance sampling plans for Rama distribution when the mean lifetime test is truncated at a pre-determined time. The minimum sample sizes required to assert the specified life mean is obtained for a given customer’s risk. The operating characteristic function values of the sampling plans and producer’s risk are calculated.
Design/methodology/approach
The results are illustrated using numerical examples and a real data set is considered to illustrate the performance of the suggested acceptance sampling plans and how it can be used for the industry applications.
Findings
This paper shows a new acceptance sampling plans based on Rama distribution in the particular case when the mean life time test is truncated.
Originality/value
The results calculated in this paper demonstrate the differences between OC values for different distributions taken into account. In particular, OC values of Rama distribution are found to be less than the proposed distribution counterparts.
Journal Article
How food-system resilience is undermined by the weather: the case of the Rama Indigenous group, Nicaragua
Climate change is likely to increase both the extent of seasonal weather variation and the magnitude of extreme weather events. The food security of those living in poorer countries and in poorer communities will be disproportionately affected by this change in weather patterns. We explored how the heterogeneity that exists within the Rama Indigenous community (Nicaragua) interacts with seasonal weather variation and extreme weather events to adversely affect food-system resilience. Firstly, we show that there are different levels of food system resilience between the Rama who fish using the traditional methods of hand nets and paddle-powered canoes, and those that can afford gill nets and motorboats. Secondly, there are significant differences in the way Rama farmers respond to threats to their food security: some rely on short-term resilience-based strategies, whereas others focus on more transitional responses. These differences contribute to short-term inequalities in food security and are also likely to have a differential impact on the future food-system resilience of the Rama community. More research at the household scale is vital for understanding how to improve food-system resilience for the most vulnerable populations without introducing policies that are unsustainable and/or curtail future options.
Journal Article