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What happens if an employer cuts wages by one cent? Much of labor economics is built on the assumption that all the workers will quit immediately. Here, Alan Manning mounts a systematic challenge to the standard model of perfect competition.Monopsony in Motionstands apart by analyzing labor markets from the real-world perspective that employers have significant market (or monopsony) power over their workers. Arguing that this power derives from frictions in the labor market that make it time-consuming and costly for workers to change jobs, Manning re-examines much of labor economics based on this alternative and equally plausible assumption. The book addresses the theoretical implications of monopsony and presents a wealth of empirical evidence. Our understanding of the distribution of wages, unemployment, and human capital can all be improved by recognizing that employers have some monopsony power over their workers. Also considered are policy issues including the minimum wage, equal pay legislation, and caps on working hours. In a monopsonistic labor market, concludes Manning, the \"free\" market can no longer be sustained as an ideal and labor economists need to be more open-minded in their evaluation of labor market policies.Monopsony in Motionwill represent for some a new fundamental text in the advanced study of labor economics, and for others, an invaluable alternative perspective that henceforth must be taken into account in any serious consideration of the subject.

The paper studies populations of the Dolly Varden charr from some rivers in eastern Kamchatka in 2005–2007. Generally small variability is noted in biological parameters (length, weight, age, and sex composition), however, significant variability is revealed in size of individuals within age groups. Long-period cycles are marked in the dynamics of catches. The periodicity of catches of charr in different areas of east Kamchatka in general terms is the same, which gives reason to summarize the nature of its population dynamics in the whole coast.

The current study was carried out on Okpara Stream in Northern Benin to evaluate the demographic factors with inferences on fisheries status of five dominant fish species, which were sampled monthly intervals for 18 months. Asymptotic length (Lro) ranged from 36.23 cm (Brycinus macrolepidotus) to 18.8 cm (Hemichromis fasciatus). Growth rates (K) varied between 1.6 yr-1 and 0.66 yr-1 with growth performance index (Φ') ranging from 2.4 to 3.1. Theoretical age at length zero (t0) varied -0.95 year for Marcusenius senegalensis to -0.59 year for Shilbe intermedius. Except for B. macolepidotus, total mortalities were higher than 2 year-1 and length at first capture (L50) ranged 7.72-12.09 cm. Marcusenius senegalensis and S intermedius showed one annual peak of recruitment, whereas H fasciatus, Oreochromis niloticus and B. macrolepidotus displayed two peaks. The results indicated that the stocks of these five species were underexploited. However, the low length at first capture (L50) recorded for some species, requires the implementation of early fisheries management scheme to assure a sustainable exploitation of these fishes.

During the 1990s, all of the European transition economies (TE) experienced a major recession and suffered from the explosion of income inequality. However, distribution of income between labor and capital differed greatly from one group of post-communist countries to another. The paper discusses and analyzes linkages between models of capitalism that emerged in former communist countries in the 1990s and the outcome of capitalist transition for labor in terms of income distribution and inequality. It is based on the estimates of the Marxian rate of exploitation and other indicators of labor income performance during the reform period.

This study analyzed the utilization status of the blue swimming crab (BSC) (Portunus pelagicus) in Kebumen coastal waters. Field research was conducted from October to December 2024. Biological characteristics related to growth and infinity carapace width (CWoo) were assessed, along with mortality and exploitation rates. Results showed a carapace width (CW) at 50% capture (CWc 50%) of 11.95 cm and a CWo of 18.38 cm. Peak BSC recruitment occurred in May. An exploitation rate of 0.31 indicates that the BSC population in Kebumen coastal waters is currently underexploited.

Golden rabbitfish ( Siganus guttatus ) is an important species to people in Wakatobi islands that are surrounded by the Banda Sea and the Flores Sea. They catch the fish for local consumptions and trade processed fish to other areas. This study aims to determine estimates of the fish's growth, mortality, and exploitation rates. The study was conducted from January to November 2016 in Wakatobi. Analysis was carried out the FISAT II package. The fish length ranged from 8.0 to 49.0 cm with an average of 26.19 cm. The growth pattern of male fish was positive allometric while for female fish was allometric negative. The sex ratio was inbalanced. The estimate of length at first capture (Lc) was 27.65 cm (FL) while the estimate of length at first maturity (Lm) was 30.49 cm (FL). The natural mortality (M) was 1.51/year while the fishing mortality was 1.28/year and the exploitation rate was 0.46/year. The SPR was 0.49, indicating the exploitation rate of Siganus guttatus in the studied areas is still at the optimum condition.

Population's biological parameters, including length at first capture, mortalities, exploitation rates, growth coefficient, longevity, and recruitment times, are essential in assessing fishing status, but there is no data on Mystus mysticetus. Therefore, the study was conducted to provide these parameters to assess the fishing status of this species at Cai Rang, Can Tho (CRCT) and Long Phu, Soc Trang (LPST). A collection of 741 individual fish was used for analysis and showed that most fish size groups ranged from 9.0 cm to 12.0 cm, and the asymptotic length was 16.8 cm for both CRCT and LPST populations. The fish population von Bertalanffy curve was Lt = 16.80(1 − e−0.51(t + 0.38)) at CRCT and Lt = 16.80(1 − e−0.48(t + 0.40)) at LPST. The fish growth coefficient at CRCT (2.16) was higher than at LPST (2.13), whereas the reverse case was true for longevity ranging from 5.88 years (at CRCT) to 6.25 years (at LPST). At CRCT, fishing mortality, natural mortality, total mortality, and exploitation rate were 0.69/year, 1.40/year, 2.09/year, and 0.33, respectively; at LPST, these values were 0.75/year, 1.33/year, 2.08/year, and 0.36, respectively. Although the population parameter of this fish species exhibited a spatial variation, both CRCT and LPST fish resources have not been subjected to overexploit because E (0.33 at CRCT and 0.36 at LPST) is lower than E0.1 (0.707 at CRCT and 0.616 at LPST). The fish population von Bertalanffy curve was Lt = 16.80(1 − e‐0.51(t + 0.38)) at CRCT and Lt = 16.80(1‐ e‐0.48 (t + 0.40)) at LPST; and the fish growth coefficient at CRCT (2.16) was higher than at LPST (2.13), whereas the reverse case was true for lifespan ranging from 5.88 years (at CRCT) to 6.25 years (at LPST). At CRCT, fishing mortality, natural mortality, total mortality, and exploitation rate were 0.69/year, 1.40/year, 2.09/year, and 0.33, respectively; at LPST, these values were 0.75/year, 1.33/year, 2.08/year, and 0.36, respectively. Although the population parameter of this fish species exhibited a spatial variation, both CRCT and LPST fish resources have not been subjected to overexploit because E (0.33 at CRCT and 0.36 at LPST) is lower than E0.1 (0.707 at CRCT and 0.616 at LPST).

Population parameters studies of Shovelnose catfish, Arius subrostratus, from the Cochin estuary were conducted to determine age, growth, mortality, yield per recruit, and exploitation rate. Length frequency data of 1,205 species were collected from different landing centres of the Cochin estuary for this estimation. The Von Bertalanffy growth model is described as Lt = 364 (1-e -0.53 (1+0.023) from the findings. The values of Loo and К were calculated to be 364 mm and 0.53, respectively. The estimated lifespan of the catfish, based on the present study, is 5.43 years. The study also revealed total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), fishing mortality (F), and exploitation rate (E) as 1.56 y-1, 0.59 y-1, 0.97 y-1, and 0.62, respectively. The recruitment pattern of A. subrostratus exhibited a single peak throughout the study period. The present findings revealed overexploitation of the species in the Cochin Estuary and suggested some management measures to ensure its conservation.

Aquatic biodiversity of the Yarlung Zangbo River is both unique and fragile, with its ecological environment currently under significant pressure. However, comprehensive studies on the biological characteristics and resource status of fish in its tributaries remain insufficient. In this study, we analyzed the population structure, growth characteristics, and resource dynamics of 2058 specimens of Schizopygopsis younghusbandi that were collected from four major tributaries in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River (Duoxiong Zangbo, Lhasa River, Niyang River, and Nianchu River) between 2023 and 2024. Population parameters were estimated using the Von Bertalanffy growth equation, revealing asymptotic body lengths (L∞) between 387.877 and 414.535 mm and growth coefficients (k) ranging from 0.154 to 0.174. Notably, the k values exhibited a gradual decline in growth rate with increasing altitude. Based on calculations from FiSAT II software, the exploitation rate (E) revealed that the Duoxiong Zangbo population remained within a safe range (E < 0.5), whereas the Nianchu, Lhasa, and Niyang River populations were overexploited (E > 0.5), with their population structures showing signs of under-ageing and miniaturization. To ensure stable population continuity, the minimum catchable body lengths were estimated as 248 mm, 240 mm, 233 mm, and 236 mm for the Duoxiong Zangbo, Nianchu, Lhasa, and Niyang Rivers, respectively, with slight variations among tributaries. These findings suggest that S. younghusbandi populations in the Yarlung Zangbo River tributaries are adversely affected by external pressures and face a decline, necessitating effective conservation and restoration strategies.

A thorough understanding of bioecological characteristics and levels of exploitation is necessary for both the conservation of marine biodiversity and sustainable fisheries management. The yellow boxfish, Ostracion cubicus, is the subject of this study because it is valuable economically and plays a crucial ecological role in coastal habitats. O. cubicus is a boxfish with a wide distribution in the world's coral reef ecosystems. This study aims to examine the bioecological parameters and exploitation of O. cubicus. O. cubicus samples were collected from fishermen's catches landed at the Paotere Fish Landing, Makassar city. Fishermen catch O. cubicus in the Liukang Kalmas waters, Makassar Strait. O. cubicus samples were taken every mid-month from August 2022 to October 2023. The parameters measured were morphometric-meristic parameters, and total weight. O. cubicus shows sexual dimorphism where female fish have larger eye width, mouth opening width, head length, tail stem length, feed weight, intestine weight, and fish weight to feed weight ratio than male fish. O. cubicus can reach a total length of 39.9 cm. O. cubicus has a relatively slow growth rate (0.180) with a smaller growth performance index (2.46) when compared to fish with flat bodies. The average length at first catch (Lc) was 24.0 cm. O. cubicus was completely subsumed to capture fisheries (L100) at a size of approximately 28.0 cm. The total, natural, and capture mortality rates were 3.30, 1.89, and 1.41, respectively. The exploitation rate and growth performance index were 0.43 and 2.46, respectively. O. cubicus became susceptible to fishing gear at a size of 26.5 cm. Although there is still potential to increase catches because there has been no apparent acceleration in fishing mortality, the exploitation rate is still below 0.5, and the catch per recruit is relatively low (0.02); increasing the exploitation rate must be done carefully because the growth rate is slow. The recommended catch size is above 24 cm.