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An Engaged Nouveau Réalisme? Eastern European Mutations as an Alternative to Criticism of the Movement. The Conceptual Approach of Alex Mlynárčik
The article analyses the connections between Slovak artist Alex Mlynárčik and the French milieu centred around Pierre Restany, theorist of the Nouveau Réalisme (New Realism) movement in the 1960s. Referring to the research method of Czech art historian Tomáš Pospiszyl called associative art history (2018), the text attempts to challenge myths about the development of art in the Eastern Bloc in the 1960s and 1970s, such as the impermeability of the Iron Curtain or the secondary nature of Eastern Bloc artistic production in relation to their Western counterparts. The method allows us to view Mlynárčik’s artistic projects and compare them in a non-hierarchical way with the works of artists such as Joseph Beuys and the art and architecture theory of Frenchman Michel Ragon. In addition, the article not only highlights Mlynárčik’s original contribution to the development of art in Europe, but also analyses his early conceptual approach, which may be a response to the limitations of the New Realism movement and its criticism.
Journal Article
Reacting to Reality Television
The unremitting explosion of reality television across the schedules has become a sustainable global phenomenon generating considerable popular and political fervour.
The zeal with which television executives seize on the easily replicated formats is matched equally by the eagerness of audiences to offer themselves up as television participants for others to watch and criticise. But how do we react to so many people breaking down, fronting up, tearing apart, dominating, empathising, humiliating, and seemingly laying bare their raw emotion for our entertainment? Do we feel sad when others are sad? Or are we relieved by the knowledge that our circumstances might be better? As reality television extends into the experiences of the everyday, it makes dramatic and often shocking the mundane aspects of our intimate relations, inviting us as viewers into a volatile arena of mediated morality.
This book addresses the impact of this endless opening out of intimacy as an entertainment trend that erodes the traditional boundaries between spectator and performer demanding new tools for capturing television's relationships with audiences. Rather than asking how the reality television genre is interpreted as 'text' or representation the authors investigate the politics of viewer encounters as interventions, evocations, and more generally mediated social relations.
The authors show how different reactions can involve viewers in tournaments of value, as women viewers empathise and struggle to validate their own lives. The authors use these detailed responses to challenge theories of the self, governmentality and ideology.
A must read for both students and researchers in audience studies, television studies and media and communication studies.
eBook
The rise of realism
Until quite recently, almost no philosophers trained in the continental tradition saw anything of value in realism. The situation in analytic philosophy was always different, but in continental philosophy realism was usually treated as a pseudo-problem. That is no longer the case. In this book, two leading philosophers examine the remarkable rise of realism in the continental tradition. While exploring the similarities and differences in their own positions, they also consider the work of others and assess rival trends in contemporary philosophy. They begin by discussing the relation between realism and materialism, which DeLanda links closely but which Harman tries to separate. Part Two covers the many different meanings of realism, with the two authors working together to develop an expanded definition of the term. Part Three features a spirited exchange on the respective virtues and drawbacks of DeLanda's realism of attractors and singularities and Harman's object-oriented theory. Part Four shifts to the question of the knowability of the real, as the authors discuss whether scientific knowledge does full justice to reality. In Part Five, they shift the focus to space, time, and science more generally, and here Harman offers a defence of actor-network theory despite its obvious anti-realist elements.
Book
