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Revisiting Biblical Studies in Light of Reception Theory: Christian and Jewish Arabic Sources on Psalms 110 and 137
The purpose of the present paper is to revisit the interface between biblical studies, reception exegesis, and reception theory. In the first part of the paper, we discuss what we believe to be the most important lessons learned from recent scholarship on the relationship between these fields and highlight what we think is still an underestimated conclusion: if we assume that “meaning” is contextual rather than essential, the full(er) capacity of a biblical text is not discoverable until we have examined how it has appeared in various contexts. Related to this is the question of why and how texts survive and even thrive in new contexts and in what way later authors utilize the “capacity” of the biblical texts, because even if “meaning” is ultimately brought to texts by their readers, texts are in some senses agents as well. To exemplify these discussions and the connection between reception exegesis and biblical criticism, two short examples from the reception of Psalms 110 and 137 in medieval Christian Arabic and Judeo-Arabic sources are presented. In the first example, we recapitulate findings on how inner-biblical reception generates a complex web of potential interpretations but also how the ambivalence created in the process may be the greatest asset of that text. It is also an example of where interpretation may teach us about the life and thought of ancient and medieval communities and how they interacted with one another over the meaning of the biblical text. In contrast, the second example is more centered on the “capacity” of the text and in what sense communities exploit that potential for their larger purposes.
Journal Article
Sharia incorporated : a comparative overview of the legal systems of twelve Muslim countries in past and present
\"Sharia Incorporated is an ambitious study of how Islamic law traditions have been incorporated into the national legal systems throughout the Muslim world. Both puritan Islamists and Western alarmists tend to oversimplify and misrepresent the role and position of sharia. In response, this book takes stock of the actual legal positions, putting them into their socio-political and historical contexts. The twelve country chapters, each written by laudable international scholars speak to the historical evolution of Islamic, legal, and political ideas and practices. They consider the key legal issues raised by the 'Islamic awakening' of recent decades. Otto's conclusion presents the main findings of this unique comparative study and explains why the incorporation of sharia is such a thorny governance problem for an government in today's Muslim world. It is intended that this wealth of facts and analyses contributes to current debates on sharia, law, and politics\"--Publisher's description, p. [4] of cover.
Book
Recepce Hölderlinova života a díla v Čechách a na Moravě: Část II. (1919–2025)
The second part of the article traces the reception of the work and fate of the German poet Friedrich Hölderlin in Bohemia, Moravia, and partly in Slovakia from 1919 to 2025. The focus is again on: 1) translations of the poet’s works into Czech and Slovak, 2) poems about him or dedicated to him, and 3) familiarity with the poet’s life and work. Czech Germans generally approached Hölderlin from a very nationalistic perspective in the context of German culture and politics at the time, while Czechs tended to present him as a figure of European culture and an example of a supranational or even anti-national artist. Hölderlin was and is known in the area of former Czechoslovakia, but mainly only in poetic and intellectual circles. There he is regarded as the prototype of a poet who appeals most to people because of his tragic life story, while as a creator and thinker he is respected, but his poetry and ideas are hardly followed at all. His influence on Czech culture and poetry has been and remains small.
Journal Article
Recepce Hölderlinova života a díla v Čechách a na Moravě: Část I. (1841–1918)
The first part of the article traces the reception of the work and fate of the German poet Friedrich Hölderlin in Bohemia, Moravia, and partly in Slovakia from 1841 to 1918. The focus is on: 1) translations of the poet’s works into Czech and Slovak, 2) poems about him or dedicated to him, and 3) familiarity with the poet’s life and work. A fundamental difference emerged between Czech and Moravian Germans and German-speaking Jews, who found their way to Hölderlin earlier and approached him in the context of German culture and politics of the time, and Czechs, who began to accept him later and primarily as a figure of European culture. The basic awareness of Hölderlin was provided mainly by secondary schools from the 1870s onwards, but it was only from the beginning of the 20th century onwards that individual authors developed a more personal relationship to him on the basis of new editions and interpretations of the poet’s work and life and in a changed socio-political situation.
Journal Article
What is Qohelet’s Problem?
This essay distinguishes various interpretations of Ecclesiastes using heuristic categories that effectively map their divergent readings on the basis of how they primarily construe the central problem posed by the book. We suggest that there are roughly five broad conceptual models used by readers to answer the question, “What is Qohelet’s problem?” namely: as an epistemological, theological/ethical, political/economic, existential, and/or ontological issue. This article provides examples of each approach from both recent scholarship and the history of reception, showing that each brings certain aspects of the text to light, even as they keep other parts of the book in the dark. While we therefore recognize the value of each approach to Ecclesiastes, we especially advocate for the ontological perspective because we find that it is often overlooked or underappreciated in contemporary scholarship and because we think that it is central to a full understanding of Ecclesiastes’ teachings. This perspective sees Qohelet’s key term הבל (hebel) as pointing to a fundamental instability or incoherence in the nature of reality itself. We support our advocacy for this approach through readings of key texts, an exploration of relevant themes in Ecclesiastes, and engagement with various receptions of the book in literature, art, music, and film. The aims of this article, therefore, are to provide a conceptual map of the interpretation and reception of Ecclesiastes. We also advocate for the need to understand the book as a response to various problems including ontological contradictions, which may not be prevalent among contemporary interpretations but nonetheless have precedents in the book’s reception history.
Journal Article
