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A grand gender convergence
The converging roles of men and women are among the grandest advances in society and the economy in the last century. These aspects of the grand gender convergence are figurative chapters in a history of gender roles. But what must the \"last\" chapter contain for there to be equality in the labor market? The answer may come as a surprise. The solution does not (necessarily) have to involve government intervention and it need not make men more responsible in the home (although that wouldn't hurt). But it must involve changes in the labor market; especially how jobs are structured and remunerated to enhance temporal flexibility. The gender gap in pay would be considerably reduced and might vanish altogether if firms did not have an incentive to disproportionately reward individuals who labored long hours and worked particular hours. Such change has taken off in various sectors, such as technology, science, and health, but is less apparent in the corporate, financial, and legal worlds.
Journal Article
Environmental Jurisprudence Approach in Maslahat-Based Development
The progress of a country is marked by the rapid development. The impact will require a lot of land to support development. Lately there has been a widespread process of releasing forest land for the benefit of the company as one of the sectors supporting economic development. Making this need to be further investigated in terms of the benefit of nature and humanity for the survival of human life in the future. Environmental fiqh as an idea which regulates how humans are able to synergize with nature appropriately in accordance with Islamic laws and certainly will not neglect the interests of the State. So that by using this approach development will not be hampered, but also can be realized. This study uses the method of literature by analyzing using the fiqh and usul ulh fiqh principles which strengthen the argument about the importance of the environmental Jurisprudence approach to achieving maslahat-based development.
Journal Article
The use of artificial intelligence in criminal law and criminal procedure systems
The XXI century is rightfully referred to as \"the century of endless technological possibilities and ultimate human aspirations\" on discussion platforms of various levels, devoted to the issues of certain scientific fields. Scientific forums, conferences, meetings, round tables, researchers at regional, state, world levels present to the attention of the target audience new technologies in materials science, construction, transport, energy, development of software programs in the field of other doctrinal branches, as well as theoretical and practical models of artificial intelligence, capable of solving certain problems facing the world community, individual states, society. Unfortunately, or fortunately, information technologies have also affected the branches of Russian legal system. This article is devoted to the study of issues of potentialities of introducing various mathematical algorithms and computer programs into the current justice system of Russian Federation, by means of which the types of punishment in specific criminal cases, as well as their deadlines or sizes, would be determined. This problem was the subject of discussion at a meeting of the St. Petersburg International Criminological Club on February 15, 2019 on the topic: \"Crime and the problem of adequate punishment.\" Based on the analysis of judgments expressed in modern criminal law science, a theoretical substantiation of inadmissibility of the use of impersonal digital and other means to determine the form of criminal sentencing, including terms or sizes of punishment for the crime committed, is formulated.
Journal Article
Economical competencies for IT professionals
A modern specialist in the field of IT technologies must inevitably be conversant with the economic environment in which he or she conducts their development work, as well as to be familiar with economic processes and financial data, which can be related to the work as a whole and to some of its aspects. Therefore, an IT specialist should be competent in economic theory, management and marketing, as well as risk management. The peculiarities of today's fluctuation functioning of objects in the world economy bring some new requirements for the level of training in such disciplines, as Mathematical methods in Economics, Cyclical processes and Economic forecasting. This research paper presents an argument for a certain minimum knowledge, skills and competencies that are needed in order to increase the competitiveness of an IT specialist. And some basic knowledge in law science and English language must be added to this minimum. The paper summarizes the experience of teaching Economics and economic-mathematical and predictive models for future specialists, as well as the experience of young IT specialists.
Journal Article
Text Classification on Islamic Jurisprudence using Machine Learning Techniques
Indonesia, which is the world's most populous Muslim-majority nation, Islamic education is not an alternative to secular education but compulsory to any Muslims learn the way of life. The two primary sources of the religion of Islam is the Quran and Hadith. These two are where the majority of the teachings come from. However, when looking for guidance, a Muslim often refers to Islamic scholars to interpret the verses and hadith for them and educate themselves on a topic. However, due to many circumstances, people could not meet and ask a scholar personally regarding Islamic jurisprudence. Chatbot is one of the solutions. Chatbot offers users new opportunities to improve the learning and engagement process, reducing the typical cost of face-to-face consultation. However, to train a chatbot on Islamic Jurisprudence, a text classifier is needed to build a strong knowledge base for the chatbot. This study adopted a standard methodology for building a text classification model. This study used 600 Islamic jurisprudence text data obtained from the books and the web written by an influential Islamic scholar named Ustadz Abdul Somad (UAS). Machine learning algorithms such as Bayesian Network and Naïve Bayes, were employed to classify the text data. Based on the experimental testing results, the Naïve Bayes algorithm is more accurate in all evaluation models, 84.25% using training set, and 76.54% using 10-Fold cross-validation. Meanwhile, the Bayesian Network algorithm is faster in terms of time taken on all evaluation models. Thus, it can be concluded that the text classification model using Naïve Bayes and String to Word Vector filter have the potential to be used effectively but still has plenty of room for improvement.
Journal Article