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42
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"Red colobus monkey."
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Using multiple travel paths to estimate daily travel distance in arboreal, group-living primates
Primate field studies often estimate daily travel distance (DTD) in order to estimate energy expenditure and/or test foraging hypotheses. In group-living species, the center of mass (CM) method is traditionally used to measure DTD; a point is marked at the group’s perceived center of mass at a set time interval or upon each move, and the distance between consecutive points is measured and summed. However, for groups using multiple travel paths, the CM method potentially creates a central path that is shorter than the individual paths and/or traverses unused areas. These problems may compromise tests of foraging hypotheses, since distance and energy expenditure could be underestimated. To better understand the magnitude of these potential biases, I designed and tested the multiple travel paths (MTP) method, in which DTD was calculated by recording all travel paths taken by the group’s members, weighting each path’s distance based on its proportional use by the group, and summing the weighted distances. To compare the MTP and CM methods, DTD was calculated using both methods in three groups of Udzungwa red colobus monkeys (
Procolobus gordonorum
; group size 30–43) for a random sample of 30 days between May 2009 and March 2010. Compared to the CM method, the MTP method provided significantly longer estimates of DTD that were more representative of the actual distance traveled and the areas used by a group. The MTP method is more time-intensive and requires multiple observers compared to the CM method. However, it provides greater accuracy for testing ecological and foraging models.
Journal Article
Keepers of the forest. The red colobus of Zanzibar
From Costa Rica to Madagascar, 'Keepers of the Forest' paints 14 portraits of these truly human beings, in their struggle to make certain that these animals which are often the treasure of their culture, continue to thrive.
Streaming Video
Influence of Chimpanzee Predation on Associations Between Red Colobus and Red-tailed Monkeys at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda
Issue Title: Special Issue: Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation of Colobine Monkeys Colobines often associate with cercopithecines at various African sites. Such polyspecific associations presumably have an antipredation function. At Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda, red colobus (Procolobus rufomitratus) spend considerable time in association with red-tailed monkeys (Cercopithecus ascanius), and they are also heavily hunted by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). I conducted behavioral observations and playback experiments to test the hypothesis that red colobus and red-tailed monkeys obtain mutual protection and predator-related benefits by associating. Despite high chimpanzee hunting pressure on red colobus and much lower hunting pressure on red-tailed monkeys, red-tailed monkeys initiate, maintain, and terminate the associations. The results suggest that rather than providing red colobus with protection against chimpanzees, the associations occur mostly because they protect red-tailed monkeys against predation by eagles.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Journal Article
Influence of chimpanzee predation on the red colobus population at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda
Frequent hunting of red colobus monkeys (
Procolobus rufomitratus
) takes place at all long-term chimpanzee (
Pan troglodytes
) study sites where both species are present. Red colobus are the most commonly selected prey of chimpanzees even when other monkey species are more abundant. In particular, the chimpanzee community at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda, preys heavily on red colobus monkeys: the chimpanzee hunting success rate is extremely high, and chimpanzees kill many individuals per successful hunt. Census data had suggested that the red colobus population is declining and that predation by chimpanzees may be contributing to this decline. In this paper, I address the impact of hunting on the red colobus population at Ngogo. To test the hypothesis that chimpanzee hunting is sustainable, I am using demographic data collected on red colobus monkeys over a period of 3 years, as well as fecundity and mortality data from previous studies of this species. I apply matrix models and vortex analyses using a sensitivity analysis approach to project future population development. Results show that current rates of hunting are not sustainable, but that chimpanzees are neither more “noble”, nor more “savage” than humans are, but that they also hunt to ensure maximum benefit without regard for the consequences for the prey population.
Journal Article
Chimpanzee Hunting Behavior and Human Evolution
Chimpanzees are efficient predators that use meat as a political and reproductive tool. The question of whether there are implications for the evolution of human behavior in the chimpanzees' behavior is examined.
Journal Article
Farewell, Monkey
\"Scientists have pronounced a type of large West African monkey extinct, making it the first primate to vanish in the 20th century.\" (ABC NEWS) Learn how scientists determined that the Miss Waldron's Red Colobus monkey was extinct. Facts about this and other primate extinctions are presented.
Web Resource
Zanzibar Red Colobus Monkeys
\"Zanzibar red colobus monkeys are extremely rare, shy and beautiful creatures that can only be found on the small tropical island of Zanzibar, just off the coast of Tanzania in the Indian Ocean.\" (Animal Action) Learn about the Zanzibar red colobus monkey's physical characteristics, diet, behavior and more. Some facts about this endangered animal are presented.
Magazine Article