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Positive discipline tools for teachers : effective classroom management for social, emotional, and academic success
\"The Positive Discipline method has proved to be an invaluable resource for teachers who want to foster creative problem-solving within their students, giving them the behavioral skills they need to understand and process what they learn. In Positive Discipline Tools for Teachers, you will learn how to successfully incorporate respectful, solution-oriented approaches to ensure a cooperative and productive classroom. Using tools like \"Connection Before Correction,\" \"Four Problem-Solving Steps,\" and \"Focusing on Solutions,\" teachers will be able to focus on student-centered learning, rather than wasting time trying to control their students' behavior. Each tool is specifically tailored for the modern classroom, with examples and positive solutions to each and every roadblock that stands in the way of cooperative learning. Complete with the most up-to-date research on classroom management and the effectiveness of the Positive Discipline method, this comprehensive guide also includes helpful teacher stories and testimonials from around the world. You will learn how to: - Model kind and firm leadership in the classroom - Keep your students involved and intrinsically motivated - Improve students' self-regulation -And more!\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Nanoscale reference and test materials for the validation of characterization methods for engineered nanomaterials — current state, limitations, and needs
The rational design of engineered nanomaterials (NMs) with improved functionality and their increasing industrial application requires reliable, validated, and ultimately standardized characterization methods for their application-relevant, physicochemical key properties such as size, size distribution, shape, or surface chemistry. This calls for nanoscale (certified) reference materials (CRMs; RMs) and well-characterized reference test materials (RTMs) termed also quality control (QC) samples, assessed, e.g., in interlaboratory comparisons, for the validation and standardization of commonly used characterization methods. Thereby, increasing concerns regarding potential risks of NMs are also addressed and the road for safe and sustainable-by-design concepts for the development of new functional NMs and their use as nanomedicines is paved. With this respect, we will provide an overview of relevant international standardization and regulatory activities, definitions, and recommendations on characterization methods and review currently available organic or inorganic nanoscale CRMs, RMs, and RTMs, including their characterization or certification. In addition, we will highlight typical applications to streamline the regulatory approval process and improve manufacturability including the special challenges imposed by the colloidal nature and sometimes limited stability of NMs. Subsequently, we will critically assess the limitations of currently available nanoscale RMs and RTMs and address the gaps to be filled in the future such as the availability of NMs that come with reference data on properties other than commonly addressed particle size, such as surface chemistry or particle number concentration, or more closely resemble commercially available formulations or address application-relevant matrices.
Journal Article
Connecting animals and children in early childhood
\"Animals appeal to children's curiosity, bring enthusiasm to their learning, and enrich their daily experiences. This book emphasizes the reasons why children's interactions and connections with animals are important, and it describes the valuable social-emotional development that results. It combines research, anecdotes, and a number of creative ideas that caregivers and educators can use to create authentic experiences for children age three through eight. These ideas incorporate all kinds of animals in a variety of ways-including adaptations if live animals are not permitted in the child care or learning environment. Patty Born Selly is Executive Director of the National Center for STEM Elementary Education at St. Catherine University in St. Paul, Minnesota. In 2005, she founded Small Wonders, an educational consulting company offering services to schools, faith-based communities, and other organizations wishing to incorporate STEM and nature education to their programs. Patty also serves as adjunct faculty at Metropolitan State University in Minnesota, where she teaches classes on children and nature and environmental education. \"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
A new database to guide reference material selection for dietary supplement and nutrition science
Rigorous research on the health effects of dietary supplements and related nutritional interventions requires thorough chemical characterization of complex matrices for their composition of macro- and micronutrients, botanical phytochemicals, and potential contaminants. Reference materials (RMs) with metrologically traceable values for these specific properties are ideal analytical tools to ensure requisite chemical measurements are reliable. However, identifying and comparing appropriate RMs for studying dietary ingredients and their metabolites is challenging, creating a barrier to reproducible regulatory testing and research. To address this challenge, the Office of Dietary Supplements at the National Institutes of Health coordinated the development of a new publicly available Reference Materials Search Tool (
https://odsrmst.od.nih.gov/
) database featuring comprehensive data records and search and comparison functionality. The RMST significantly expands research capacities to discover and select fit for purpose reference materials for dietary supplement and related food and natural product chemical analysis.
Graphical Abstract
Journal Article
The architecture book
An accessible guide to the most important ideas and developments in the history of architecture, and the people behind them.
BOOK
Commutability assessment of new standard reference materials (SRMs) for determining serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D using ligand binding and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) assays
Commutability is where the measurement response for a reference material (RM) is the same as for an individual patient sample with the same concentration of analyte measured using two or more measurement systems. Assessment of commutability is essential when the RM is used in a calibration hierarchy or to ensure that clinical measurements are comparable across different measurement procedures and at different times. The commutability of three new Standard Reference Materials
®
(SRMs) for determining serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], defined as the sum of 25-hydroxyvitamin D
2
[25(OH)D
2
] and 25-hydroxyvitamin D
3
[25(OH)D
3
], was assessed through an interlaboratory study. The following SRMs were assessed: (1) SRM 2969 Vitamin D Metabolites in Frozen Human Serum (Total 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Low Level), (2) SRM 2970 Vitamin D Metabolites in Frozen Human Serum (25-Hydroxyvitamin D
2
High Level), and (3) SRM 1949 Frozen Human Prenatal Serum. These SRMs represent three clinically relevant situations including (1) low levels of total 25(OH)D, (2) high level of 25(OH)D
2
, and (3) 25(OH)D levels in nonpregnant women and women during each of the three trimesters of pregnancy with changing concentrations of vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP). Twelve laboratories using 17 different ligand binding assays and eight laboratories using nine commercial and custom liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) assays provided results in this study. Commutability of the SRMs with patient samples was assessed using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) approach based on 95% prediction intervals or a pre-set commutability criterion and the recently introduced International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) approach based on differences in bias for the clinical and reference material samples using a commutability criterion of 8.8%. All three SRMs were deemed as commutable with all LC–MS/MS assays using both CLSI and IFCC approaches. SRM 2969 and SRM 2970 were deemed noncommutable for three and seven different ligand binding assays, respectively, when using the IFCC approach. Except for two assays, one or more of the three pregnancy levels of SRM 1949 were deemed noncommutable or inconclusive using different ligand binding assays and the commutability criterion of 8.8%. Overall, a noncommutable assessment for ligand binding assays is determined for these SRMs primarily due to a lack of assay selectivity related to 25(OH)D
2
or an increasing VDBP in pregnancy trimester materials rather than the quality of the SRMs. With results from 17 different ligand binding and nine LC–MS/MS assays, this study provides valuable knowledge for clinical laboratories to inform SRM selection when assessing 25(OH)D status in patient populations, particularly in subpopulations with low levels of 25(OH)D, high levels of 25(OH)D
2
, women only, or women who are pregnant.
Graphical Abstract
Journal Article
Development of reference materials for dietary supplements—analytical challenges, use, limitations, and future needs
For two decades, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements have collaborated to develop dietary supplement-matrix reference materials. During the first decade, NIST developed over 20 botanical and non-botanical dietary supplement Standard Reference Materials (SRMs
®
) using multiple analytical techniques to assign values for selected marker compounds and toxic elements. In the past decade, NIST has expanded the scope of materials available, and other producers of certified reference materials (CRMs) have joined to provide a limited number of additional materials. This review describes briefly the first decade in the development of CRMs for dietary supplements, primarily botanical dietary supplement ingredients (e.g., ginkgo, green tea, saw palmetto, St. Johns’ wort, botanical oils, berries, and soy) and a popular multivitamin/multimineral (MVM) SRM. We discuss the analytical challenges in producing these materials and how these materials established a model for the next generation of CRMs. The second generation of dietary supplement CRMs/RMs, consisting primarily of botanical matrices, calibration solutions, and new and replacement MVM CRMs, is discussed in greater detail including improvements based on experiences from the first decade and potential future needs and developments in this emerging reference material research sector.
Graphical Abstract
Journal Article
Commutability study on three CRMs evaluating their suitability for calibration, trueness verification and statistical quality control of methods measuring metal concentrations in human blood
The commutability of three certified reference materials for Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb and Tl in blood was evaluated for the combination of digestion ICP-MS with dilution ICP-MS or dilution GFAAS using the difference in bias approach. Maximum non-commutability bias (MANCB) was derived from the median of the tolerance limits set by six proficiency testing (PT) providers. The evaluation showed that this criteria are too strict and that either unfeasible high number of measurements or a larger MANCB is required to demonstrate commutability. The effect of increasing the MANCB on the maximum tolerable measurement uncertainty was found small to moderate demonstrating the commutability of the materials when used as a calibrator. Also the inclusion of the uncertainty of non-commutability into the measurement uncertainty resulted in only small increases of the measurement uncertainty, demonstrating the suitability of the materials for trueness control and method validation. The bias of the three CRMs was for most elements within the 99% confidence limits of the bias of the patient samples, demonstrating the suitability of the materials for statistical quality control.
Graphical abstract
Journal Article
Powering precision: development of a certified reference material for elemental composition analysis of lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (Li-NMC) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries
This work presents the development and certification of the world’s first certified reference material (CRM), BAM-S014, for a lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (LiNi
0.33
Mn
0.33
Co
0.33
O
2
or Li-NMC 111) cathode material—an integral component in high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries that power electric vehicles (EVs), portable electronics, and stationary energy storage systems. By providing certified mass fractions for 11 elements, this CRM addresses a critical need for accurate and traceable elemental analysis, supporting quality control and regulatory compliance in the global battery industry. Ensuring reliable and harmonized measurements supports the efficient use of resources, including the reuse of recycled materials, and ultimately helps maintain product performance and safety. The values were assigned through an interlaboratory comparison involving 16 participating laboratories and various analytical techniques such as inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, and combustion analysis. In addition to chemical characterization, the certification process includes homogeneity and stability testing of the candidate material. Details are provided on the analytical methods used for chemical characterization and the calculation of the uncertainties of the certified mass fractions. In addition to detailing the development of the CRMs, this work provides an overview of ongoing standardization activities in Li-component analysis, thereby guiding the calibration of analytical methods and contributing to the establishment of globally accepted standards for evaluating energy storage materials and advancing sustainable mobility and clean energy solutions.
Graphical Abstract
Journal Article
Optimizing Available Tools for Achieving Result Standardization: Value Added by Joint Committee on Traceability in Laboratory Medicine (JCTLM)
Abstract
Background
The JCTLM created a Task Force on Reference Measurement System Implementation (TF-RMSI) to provide guidance on metrological traceability implementation for the in vitro diagnostics (IVD) community.
Content
TF-RMSI investigated the reference measurement systems (RMS) for 13 common measurands by applying the following procedural steps: (a) extracting data from the JCTLM database of available certified reference materials (CRMs) and reference measurement procedures (RMPs); (b) describing the RMS to which each recruited CRM or RMP belongs; (c) identifying the intended use of the CRMs, and, if used as a common calibrator for IVD measuring systems and/or trueness assessment of field methods was included, checking the CRM’s certificate for information about commutability with clinical samples; and (d) checking if the CRM or RMP measurement uncertainty (MU) has the potential to be small enough to avoid significantly affecting the analytical performance specifications (APS) for MU of clinical sample results when the MU from the IVD calibrator and from the end-user measuring system were combined.
Summary
We produced a synopsis of JCTLM-listed higher-order CRMs and RMPs for the selected measurands, including their main characteristics for implementing traceability and fulfilling (or not) the APS for suitable MU. Results showed that traceability to higher-order references can be established by IVD manufacturers within the defined APS for most of the 13 selected measurands. However, some measurands do not yet have suitable CRMs for use as common calibrators. For these measurands, splitting clinical samples with a laboratory performing the RMP may provide a practical alternative for establishing a calibration hierarchy.
Journal Article