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Administrative restructuring and urban development in China
This study focuses on state-led urbanisation in the Chinese context by examining the effects of urban administrative level upgrading on urbanisation and urban development. We argue that urban administrative level upgrading is an important policy instrument in China that empowers cities to play a leading role in driving national and regional economic development. However, there is a lack of systematic empirical investigation to determine whether the objectives of urban administrative level upgrading have been achieved. Using a quasi-experimental method that combines propensity score matching with the difference-in-difference approach, we thoroughly examine the effects of county- to prefecture-level city upgrading and county to county-level city upgrading on the development performance of cities. The results confirm that county- to prefecture-level city upgrading can positively lead to a significant increase in urban population growth and fiscal revenue in a few years after upgrading, although this may not necessarily lead to rapid industrialisation. However, the same is not true for county to county-level city upgrading. This difference may be because counties and county-level cities are at the same administrative level, whilst prefecture-level cities are at a higher administrative level compared with county-level cities and counties. The results indicate that China’s administrative division system, although restructured, retains hierarchical and level-based structure in the post-reform period. We highlight the continuing strategic role of the Chinese state by establishing new scales and arenas and adjusting administrative structures to promote urban development.
本项研究通过考察城市行政级别升级对城市化和城市发展的影响，重点关注中国背景下国家主导的城市化。我们认为，城市行政级别升级是中国的一项重要政策工具，它使城市在推动国家和地区经济发展中发挥主导作用。然而，缺乏系统的实证研究来确定，城市行政级别升级的目标是否已实现。我们采用将倾向评分匹配与双重差分法相结合的准实验方法，深入研究了县级到地级市升级和县到县级市升级对城市发展绩效的影响。结果证实，县级到地级市的升级可以在升级后的几年内积极地导致城市人口增长和财政收入的显著增加，尽管这可能不一定导致快速的工业化。但是，县到县级市的升级并非如此。这种差异可能是因为，县和县级市处于同一行政级别，而地级市与县级市和县相比处于较高的行政级别。结果表明，中国的行政区划体系虽然经过重组，但在改革后的时期保留了等级和层级结构。我们表明了中国政府发挥的持续性战略作用，其建立新的规模和舞台并调整行政结构来促进城市发展。
Journal Article
Digital financial inclusion, environmental sustainability and regional economic growth in China: insights from a panel threshold model
As digital technologies rapidly transform global economies, the digital financial inclusion index (DFII) has emerged as a critical driver of economic growth, particularly in developing regions. In the context of China, where regional economic disparities persist, the expansion of digital financial services offers a promising avenue to boost regional development, promote inclusive growth, and enhance environmental sustainability. This study looks into how digital financial inclusion affects regional economic growth (GRP) in China’s provinces. It does this by using a panel threshold autoregressive model (PTAR) and a panel smooth transition autoregressive model (PSTAR) to see if the relationship is not always linear. Drawing on data from 31 Chinese provinces between 2003 and 2022, the analysis uncovers significant threshold effects, revealing distinct phases where digital financial inclusion’s influence on economic growth intensifies as financial inclusion increases. Furthermore, digital financial services empower small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and individual entrepreneurs to invest in eco-friendly innovations and low-emission technologies. By lowering barriers to funding, digital financial inclusion encourages the adoption of cleaner production processes and efficient resource management, which can significantly decrease emissions and improve air quality. Additionally, enhanced financial literacy and access to information through digital platforms enable consumers to make environmentally conscious choices, further contributing to reduced pollution levels. These findings provide empirical evidence of the transformative role of digital finance in both regional development and environmental sustainability, underscoring the need for policy interventions that enhance financial inclusion to drive economic growth.
Journal Article
China’s high-quality economic development: a study of regional variations and spatial evolution
Based on the current reality of unbalanced and inadequate regional economic development in China, this study constructs a comprehensive index system to asses China’s economic development quality across six dimensions: innovation dynamic, coordinated development, market governance, green transformation, open economy, and people’s welfare. It employs the vertical and horizontal scatter degree approach that better captures the inherent characteristics of data to dynamically measure China’s high-quality economic development index (HQEDI) and unveils its spatial interaction patterns through a modified dynamic Spatial Durbin Model. Findings indicate that China’s HQEDI demonstrates a persistent upward trend and an expanding cycle, with significant spatial agglomeration effects. The spatial correlation structure portrays an imbalanced distribution of HQEDI, with Shanghai and Beijing as the center, the eastern coast as the secondary center, the central and western regions occupying subordinate positions. Under various spatial weights, China’s HQEDI exhibits conditional β convergence and positive spillover effect. Convergence rates decreases in the order of “Central-West-Northeast-East,” with corresponding convergence cycles increasing in this order.
Journal Article
The spatiotemporal effects of green fiscal expenditure on low-carbon transition: empirical evidence from china’s low-carbon pilot cities
This study analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution and agglomeration characteristics of the scale and intensity of carbon emission scale and intensity in 21 low-carbon cities from 2005 to 2016 by kernel density estimations and Moran’s I. Based on the revealed comparative advantage index, environmental protection expenditure and science and technology expenditure are symmetrically treated as green fiscal expenditure proxy variables. Simultaneously, four models are constructed, involving non-time and non-space effect, time effect, spatial effect, and spatiotemporal effect, to investigate the effect of green fiscal expenditure on urban carbon emission. The results demonstrate that: First, the carbon emission scale continues to increase and does not present spatial agglomeration characteristics. Conversely, carbon emission intensity continues to decline and manifests spatial agglomeration heterogeneity. The uncoordinated regional economic development is a primary factor for spatial differences in carbon emission scale and intensity. Second, green fiscal expenditure enhances the effectiveness of emission reduction and generates spatiotemporal effects. In the short term, science and technology expenditure is more effective in carbon reduction than environmental protection expenditure. The former can resolve the emergency. Additionally, due to the radiation-driven effect, the latter has a negative spatial spillover effect. In the long term, environmental protection expenditure consistently restrains carbon emissions, and its reduction effect is sustainable. Third, economy and population are the drivers of carbon emission growth, and the structural effect is greater than the scale effect. An optimized energy structure can achieve carbon reductions. Technological innovation should not be ignored.
Journal Article
Collaborative governance for local economic development : lessons from countries around the world
\"Although collaborations for local and regional economic development have been popular in recent years, it is not yet wholly clear when or how such efforts bring successful outcomes. Using an integrative conceptual framework for collaborative governance, this innovative collection provides a systematic and interdisciplinary analysis of real-world collaborative networks for local and regional economic development. Focusing on a wide range collaborative economic development in diverse cities and regions in USA, Canada, Germany, India, Italy, and South Korea, the chapters explore what forces motivate the emergence of collaborative economic development efforts. Each chapter explores the factors which contribute to or hinder collaborative governance efforts for economic development and identifies lessons for overcoming challenges to creating communities that are economically resilient, environmentally sustainable and politically engaged in the era of globalization. By focusing on collaborative governance and its implications for the ability of policies to meet the challenges of the 21st century, it provides lessons for researchers in public management, urban planning/development, public policy, and political science, as well as practitioners interested in promoting local economic development\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Innovation and regional economic convergence: evidence from China
Reducing regional economic disparities in China is an important task to facilitate inclusive and sustainable long-term economic growth. This paper investigates the role of technological innovation in facilitating regional economic convergence in China (i.e., narrowing the gap between more developed and less developed provinces). We utilize a province-level panel data set from 1998 to 2017 to calculate the so-called sigma (σ) and beta (β) regional economic convergence indexes, which allows us to examine the patterns of convergence in China over time. In particular, we use panel data regression models to calculate β indexes and examine how various measures of technological innovation influence regional economic convergence in China. Findings from our empirical analysis suggest that the provincial economies were diverging from 1998 to 2006. However, we observe regional economic convergence in China after 2006. Moreover, we find that technological innovation promoted regional economic convergence post-2006, and there is evidence that technological innovation spills over and benefits nearby surrounding provinces. We also find that transfer payments made by the Chinese central government to the provinces help boost regional economic growth and narrow regional economic disparities.
Journal Article