Explore the vast range of titles available.

Background Since 2009, in Ontario, reportable disease surveillance data has been used for timely in-season estimates of influenza severity (i.e., hospitalizations and deaths). Due to changes in reporting requirements influenza reporting no longer captures these indicators of severity, necessitating exploration of other potential sources of data. The purpose of this study was to complete a retrospective analysis to assess the comparability of influenza-related hospitalizations and deaths captured in the Ontario reportable disease information system to those captured in Ontario’s hospital-based discharge database. Methods Hospitalizations and deaths of laboratory-confirmed influenza cases reported during the 2010–11 to 2013–14 influenza seasons were analyzed. Information on hospitalizations and deaths for laboratory-confirmed influenza cases were obtained from two databases; the integrated Public Health Information System, which is the provincial reportable disease database, and the Discharge Abstract Database, which contains information on all in-patient hospital visits using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Canada (ICD-10-CA) coding standards. Analyses were completed using the ICD-10 J09 and J10 diagnosis codes as an indicator for laboratory-confirmed influenza, and a secondary analysis included the physician-diagnosed influenza J11 diagnosis code. Results For each season, reported hospitalizations for laboratory-confirmed influenza cases in the reportable disease data were higher compared to hospitalizations with J09 and J10 diagnoses codes, but lower when J11 codes were included. The number of deaths was higher in the reportable disease data, whether or not J11 codes were included. For all four seasons, the weekly trends in the number of hospitalizations and deaths were similar for the reportable disease and hospital data (with and without J11), with seasonal peaks occurring during the same week or within 1 week of each other. Conclusion In our retrospective analyses we found that hospital data provided a reliable estimate of the trends of influenza-related hospitalizations and deaths compared to the reportable disease data for the 2010–11 to 2013–14 influenza seasons in Ontario, but may under-estimate the total seasonal number of deaths. Hospital data could be used for retrospective end-of-season assessments of severity, but due to delays in data availability are unlikely to be timely estimates of severity during in-season surveillance.

Context: The State Reportable Conditions Assessment (SRCA) is an annual assessment of reporting requirements for reportable public health conditions. The Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have gained valuable experience in developing a centralized repository of information about reportable conditions across US states and territories. Objective: This study examines the reporting status in states of nationally notifiable conditions used to inform public health and national surveillance initiatives. Design: Conditions included in SRCA are updated annually by using a Web-based tool created by the CSTE. Setting: SRCA information for 2008 was reported from all US states, 2 cities, and 4 territories. Participants: Respondents included state or territorial epidemiologists (or designees) for reporting jurisdictions. Main Outcome Measure: Conditions were classified as explicitly reportable, implicitly reportable, or not reportable. Results were tabulated to determine reporting statistics for the conditions nationwide. Results: The SRCA included 101 conditions recommended for national notification: 93 (92%) were infectious conditions, and 8 (8%) were other (noninfectious or crosscutting) conditions. Of nationally notifiable infectious conditions, 61 (66%) were explicitly reportable in 90% or more jurisdictions; only 2 (25%) noninfectious or crosscutting nationally notifiable conditions were explicitly reportable in 90% or more jurisdictions. Furthermore, 3 nationally notifiable infectious conditions were explicitly reportable in less than 70% of jurisdictions. Conclusions: Although most nationally notifiable conditions were explicitly reportable, we found that many of these conditions have implicit reporting authority in states. As notifiable condition surveillance moves toward an informatics-driven approach, automated electronic case-detection systems will need explicit information about what conditions are reportable. Future work should address the feasibility of standardizing the format of reportable disease lists and nomenclature used to facilitate data aggregation and interpretation across states.

Probleme Au Paraguay, l'insuffisance de données de surveillance entraîne une sous-estimation du fardeau causé par la syphilis congénitale, ce qui aboutit a des occasions manquées de diagnostiquer et traiter les nourrissons. Approche Le taux d'incidence de la syphilis congénitale, telle que définie par l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS), a été calculée au Paraguay a l'aide de l'outil devaluation de l'OMS. Cet outil a également servi a suivre les progres dans l'élimination de la transmission de la syphilis de la mere a l'enfant. Environnement local Le fardeau de la syphilis au Paraguay a toujours été lourd: la prévalence de la maladie chez les femmes enceintes était estimée a 3% en 2018. Changements significatifs Le taux d'incidence de la syphilis congénitale calculé avec l'outil de l'OMS était environ neuf fois plus élevé que celui enregistré. Par conséquent, le Paraguay a: (i) proposé des formations afin d'améliorer le diagnostic et le signalement des cas; (ii) renforcé les systemes d'information pour le suivi et la notification des cas; et enfin, (iii) fourni des doubles tests rapides VIH/syphilis et des tests rapides de la réagine plasmatique supplémentaires en vue d'accroître les capacités de dépistage de la syphilis. En outre, le ministere de la Santé a élaboré un nouveau plan national destiné a éliminer la transmission de la syphilis de la mere a l'enfant, comprenant une série d'étapes de suivi. Leçons tirées Les procédures des prestataires de soins de santé en matiere de notification et de surveillance de la syphilis congénitale pourraient différer de la définition des cas aux niveaux national et international. L'utilisation de l'outil devaluation mis au point par l'OMS pour la syphilis congénitale au Paraguay a attiré l'attention sur cette maladie qui représente un probleme de santé publique nationale, et souligné l'importance des systemes de surveillance complets et des données précises. Continuer a employer cet outil peut permettre de mesurer les progres accomplis dans l'élimination de la transmission de la syphilis de la mere a l'enfant, en contribuant a améliorer la couverture des services et la surveillance nationale.