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Background One of the greatest concerns for cancer patients of reproductive age is fertility. Numerous studies have demonstrated that patients with cancer lack regular access to fertility preservation information. This study aimed to evaluate awareness of reproductive concerns related to infertility preservation among female cancer patients. Methods A cross‑sectional study was conducted between March and August 2024 at the gynecological oncology unit in collaboration with the assisted reproductive technology unit at Woman’s Health Hospital, Assiut University, Egypt. A purposive sample of 20 women aged 16–40 years with newly diagnosed early‑stage cancer who had not yet initiated treatment and had already received fertility counseling was recruited. Data were collected through structured face‑to‑face interviews via questionnaires covering personal, obstetrical, reproductive, and cancer‑related characteristics, in addition to the Infertility Knowledge Questionnaire, the Reproductive Concerns After Cancer Scale, the Fertility Intention Scale, and the Decisional Conflict Scale. Associations between study variables were examined via appropriate statistical analyses. Results Most women with cancer reported poor knowledge about fertility preservation, high reproductive concerns, strong fertility intentions, and low decisional conflict. Associations were observed between education level, infertility knowledge, and fertility intentions. Conclusion Most female cancer patients reported high reproductive concerns and strong fertility intentions despite limited knowledge about infertility and fertility preservation. Education level and selected obstetrical factors were associated with infertility knowledge, fertility intentions, and reproductive concerns.

Fertility is a significant concern among adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors and their caregivers, especially after their completion of cancer treatment programs. Concerns about fertility affect not only cancer patients' psychological well‐being, but also all aspects of their medical treatments, including treatment protocol, decision‐making, and treatment adherence. In this scoping review, the PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang electronic databases were searched according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews. The searches identified 669 articles, 54 of which met the inclusion criteria. Reviewers extracted the data on the study characteristics, measurements, positive factors, negative factors, and additional themes. This scoping review included studies from 10 countries. Most studies were quantitative using a cross‐sectional design. The prevalence of reproductive concerns among AYA cancer survivors ranged from 44% to 86%, and 28% to 44% of the survivors experienced moderate to severe concerns. The specific implementation of fertility consultation, including timing, consult frequency, and content, deserves ongoing exploration. Current research situations about reproductive concerns in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors.

Purpose Reproductive concerns are prevalent in the female breast cancer patient population and increase existential distress. Although self-disclosure significantly correlated reproductive concerns, the exact mechanism of action is unknown. Based on previous theoretical studies on couples’ cancer-related communication problems and intimacy in couples, this study constructed a chain mediation model to investigate whether the two variables mediate the relationship between self-disclosure and reproductive concerns. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from August 2023 to July 2024 at Jiangxi Cancer Hospital. A total of 280 female breast cancer patients completed the Distress Disclosure Index, Couples’ Cancer-Related Communication Problems Scale, Quality Relationship Index, and Reproductive Concerns After Cancer Scale. Data description and Pearson’s correlation analysis were performed through SPSS 26.0 software. Serial mediation effect analysis and testing were performed through Hayes’ Process 4.1 program. Results Self-disclosure was found to be negatively associated with reproductive concerns and couples’ cancer-related communication problems, but positively associated with intimacy. After controlling for sociodemographic variables, including age, matrimonial, number of children, and hormone receptor, the direct effect of self-disclosure on reproductive concerns was significant (Effect =  − 0.320; 95% CI, − 0.465 to − 0.178). In addition, three other indirect pathways of action were also significant: (1) through couples’ cancer-related communication problems (Effect =  − 0.113; 95% CI, − 0.181 to − 0.045), (2) through intimate relationships (Effect =  − 0.110, 95% CI − 0.187 to − 0.043), and (3) through the chain-mediated effects of couples’ cancer-related communication problems and intimacy (Effect =  − 0.025; 95% CI, − 0.054 to − 0.007). The total indirect effect of the three pathways of action was 43.66%. Conclusions Self-disclosure not only directly affects reproductive concerns in female breast cancer patients, but also indirectly through couples’ cancer-related communication problems and intimacy, as well as sequential mediation of the two. Interventions targeting the above factors can help promote self-disclosure in female breast cancer patients, reduce couples’ cancer-related communication problems, and improve intimacy, thereby alleviating reproductive concerns after cancer.

PurposeThis study examined associations between fertility consultation (FC) and multiple dimensions of reproductive concerns among young adult (YA) male cancer survivors.MethodsOne hundred and seventy YA male cancer survivors (age 18 to 35) across the USA completed an online survey between 2016 and 2018. Participants reported demographics, receipt of FC, and reproductive concerns. Reproductive concerns were measured multidimensionally using the Reproductive Concerns after Cancer-Male scale. We used log binomial regression to examine associations between FC and high reproductive concerns across multiple domains.ResultsIn multivariate analyses adjusting for desire for children, FC was associated with higher likelihood of having at least one high reproductive concern (relative risk [RR] 1.4, 95% CI 1.2–1.7). Across subscales, FC was associated with greater likelihood of having high concerns about fertility potential (RR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0–3.0), achieving pregnancy (RR 3.5, 95% CI 1.3–9.5), their (potential) child’s health (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.2), and disclosing infertility to a partner (RR 2.7, 95% CI 1.8–4.1). In contrast, associations were not observed between FC and likelihood of high concerns about personal health (RR 1.4, 95% CI 0.5–3.8) or acceptance of infertility (RR 1.8, 95% CI 0.8–3.9).ConclusionsYA male cancer survivors who received FC were more likely to have high reproductive concerns than those who did not receive FC. Men who seek out FC after cancer diagnosis may need additional support for their reproductive concerns. Research is needed to identify strategies to alleviate these concerns among this population.

Background To discuss the current status of reproductive concerns and its correlation with fear of recurrence and level of family support in patients of childbearing age with gynecologic malignancies. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to enroll 188 patients with gynecologic malignancies in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, and Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from September 2022 to April 2023. Patients were assessed using general information questionnaire, Reproductive Concerns After Cancer Scale (RCAC), Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory (FCRI) questionnaire, and Perceived Social Support-Family (PSS-FA) Scale. Results Among patients of childbearing age with gynecologic malignancies, the total RCAC score was (54.35 ± 7.52), indicating a moderate level of reproductive concerns. Patients scored (20.98 ± 4.51) on FCRI, implying a moderate level of fear of recurrence. The PSS-FA score was (9.57 ± 2.76), denoting a moderate level of family support. The total score and each dimensional score of RCAC were positively correlated with FCRI total score ( P  < 0.05), and negatively correlated with PSS-FA total score ( P  < 0.05). Fear of recurrence, family support level, number of children, educational background, treatment modality, and fertility intention were influencing factors for reproductive concerns in patients of childbearing age with gynecologic malignancies (all P  < 0.05). Conclusion The reproductive concerns, fear of recurrence and family support are all at moderate levels in patients of childbearing age with gynecologic malignancies, and reproductive concerns are positively correlated with fear of recurrence and negatively correlated with family support.

Purpose Concerns about fertility and parenthood are important to many young adult (YA) female cancer survivors and are associated with poorer quality of life. We aimed to develop a new scale to comprehensively measure these concerns so that they can be better addressed. Methods Scale development involved: (1) seven focus groups to identify reproductive concerns among YA female cancer survivors and develop potential scale items followed by pilot testing and cognitive interviews to refine items, (2) administering surveys to 204 YA female survivors and conducting principal components analysis (PCA) with oblique rotation to identify underlying factors in the multidimensional scale, and (3) identification of preliminary construct validity evidence. Results We subjected 37 potential scale items to PCA, which indicated a six-factor solution. After removing low-loading and cross-loading items, we selected the three top loading items representing each factor. The 18-item Reproductive Concerns After Cancer scale ( α  = 0.82) assesses concerns about fertility potential, partner disclosure, child’s health, personal health, acceptance, and becoming pregnant. As hypothesized, women who wanted to have a baby ( p  < 0.001) and those for whom having a biological child was very important ( p  < 0.05) had higher mean scores, indicating higher concerns. Conclusions The scale demonstrated good internal consistency and evidence of construct validity and holds promise for future clinical and research applications. Implications for Cancer Survivors An effective tool to identify concerns related to fertility and parenthood is essential for meeting the long-term reproductive health needs of young women who have survived cancer.

Objectives Reproductive concerns are common in women of childbearing age with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with inadequate disclosure. This study aimed to investigate the contributing factors of reproductive concerns and to evaluate their impact on health-related quality of life. Methods One hundred eighty women of childbearing age with SLE were enrolled in this cross-sectional study in Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from March 2021 to December 2021. A series of questionnaires were conducted: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R), Family Assessment Device (APGAR), the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), the Short-Form 36 (SF-36), and the Chinese version of Reproductive Concerns After Cancer (RCAC). Independent t test, one-way ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U test, Pearson/Spearman, and multiple linear stepwise regression were used to analyze the data. Results The results indicated that female SLE patients were more concerned about the child’s health and personal health than becoming pregnant, fertility potential, partner disclose and acceptance; SLE patients with the characteristics of living in rural residence, having no reproductive history, fearing unexpected pregnancy, sexual distress, and depression showed more serious fertility concerns. Meanwhile, most female SLE patients adopted active confrontation when facing reproductive concerns, and these patients were significantly lower in the dimension score of mental related quality of life. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that female SLE patients should be paid more attention to their fertility concerns and effective intervention measures should be carried out to relieve their reproductive concerns, so as to improve their long-term quality of life if their disease condition permits.

Aim The aim of this study was to synthesize qualitative research evidence on cancer survivors' experiences with reproductive concerns (RC). Methods We conducted a systematic search of qualitative studies and utilized the meta‐aggregation approach. The database searches were extended up to May 14, 2023, encompassing 12 databases, specifically MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science (Core Collection), AMED, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wan Fang Data, and VIP. Results Three overarching themes were synthesized from the analysis of 21 studies that explored cancer patients' awareness of reproductive concerns, their perceptions, needs, and coping styles. These themes encapsulate the multifaceted aspects of cancer patients' reproductive concerns: “Gender differences in fertility concerns among cancer patients: Perspectives from men and women”; “The influence of age: Experiences with fertility issues among cancer patients at different life stages”; “The impact of treatment stages on fertility concerns: The evolution of perception and coping strategies in the course of cancer treatment”. Conclusion Our study presents an in‐depth exploration of the reproductive concerns experienced by cancer patients from various perspectives. We found that the internal experiences of reproductive concerns, their perceptions, needs, and coping mechanisms differ based on their roles. This comprehensive understanding of the complex emotions and needs of cancer patients when confronted with fertility issues can guide clinicians in providing more effective medical assistance, psychological counseling, and fertility‐related information services.

Parents often respond negatively when a child discloses their minoritized sexual orientation. We propose that parents’ negativity in this context may be shaped by evolutionary concerns regarding their children’s reproductive outcomes. We tested relevant hypotheses in a correlational study (Study 1) and two randomized experiments (Studies 2 and 3) that recruited parents with children under age 6 as participants. Study 1 ( N  = 386; 192 mothers and 194 fathers; 84.68% non-Hispanic White) revealed associations between parents’ concerns regarding their children’s reproductive outcomes and views toward a child disclosing a lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) orientation in the future. The most negative views were reported by parents with elevated reproductive concerns and pessimistic beliefs about the possibility of reproduction for LGB individuals. Studies 2 ( N  = 327 mothers; 84.10% non-Hispanic White) and 3 ( N  = 279 fathers; 81.00% non-Hispanic White) tested whether information about reproductive assistance available to same-gender couples might promote more favorable views toward a child’s hypothetical LGB orientation disclosure relative to control information. Parents who received reproductive versus control information reported more positive attitudes toward having an LGB child and toward the LGB community. These effects were statistically mediated by their more optimistic beliefs about the possibility of LGB reproduction. Taken together, this work suggests that reproductive concerns may influence parents’ views toward their children’s sexual orientation disclosures, and alleviating these concerns may be one way to improve parents’ relationships with their sexually diverse children.

Background This study investigated the latent profiles of reproductive concerns among women of childbearing age with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and analyzed the differences in the characteristics across these profiles. Methods A questionnaire was administered to 332 female patients of childbearing age with SLE at four tertiary-grade general hospitals in Mianyang City, China. We used a general information questionnaire, the Reproductive Concerns After Cancer Scale (RCAC), the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). A latent profile analysis (LPA) and multiple logistic regression models were employed to investigate the characteristics of the latent profiles and the factors that influence reproductive concerns. Results The total score for the reproductive concerns among women with SLE of childbearing age was moderate (58.45 ± 13.51). Four latent profiles were identified: low reproductive concern–high infertility acceptance (12.66%), moderate reproductive concern–concern about personal health (18.95%), moderate reproductive concern–concern about the child’s health (45.64%), and high reproductive concern–balance (22.75%). The model fit indices that support the four latent profiles included high entropy (0.92) and a significant result of the Lo–Mendell–Rubin (LMR) adjusted likelihood ratio test ( P  < 0.001). The factors that influence the reproductive concern categories included age, marital status, annual income, method of medical payment, number of children, fertility intention, a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), disease activity, social support, and medical coping strategies ( P  < 0.05). Conclusions The reproductive concerns observed among women of childbearing age with SLE exhibited significant heterogeneity. In the field of clinical nursing, personalized intervention measures should be developed based on distinct categorical characteristics and influencing factors to reduce reproductive concerns among members of this patient population.