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"Rescue work."
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Rescue vehicles
\"Hear the sirens! See the police car? Police cars help people in danger. Ambulances help people who are hurt. Whoosh! Look at them drive quickly to the hospital! Through delightfully simple text and bright, close-up photos, beginning readers will learn about rescue vehicles, types, and uses in this eBook. All Little Pebble books have an Accelerated Reader ATOS level of 1.0 or below. Download the Capstone 4D app to access a variety of bonus content.\"--Provided by publisher.
Book
Drones reduce the treatment-free interval in search and rescue operations with telemedical support – A randomized controlled trial
Response to medical incidents in mountainous areas is delayed due to the remote and challenging terrain. Drones could assist in a quicker search for patients and can facilitate earlier treatment through delivery of medical equipment. We aim to assess the effects of using drones in search and rescue (SAR) operations in challenging terrain. We hypothesize that drones can reduce the search time and treatment-free interval of patients by delivering an emergency kit and telemedical support.
In this randomized controlled trial with a cross-over design two methods of searching for and initiating treatment of a patient were compared. The primary outcome was a comparison of the times for locating a patient through visual contact and starting treatment on-site between the drone-assisted intervention arm and the conventional ground-rescue control arm. A linear mixed model (LMM) was used to evaluate the effect of using a drone on search and start of treatment times.
Twenty-four SAR missions, performed by six SAR teams each with four team members, were analyzed. The mean time to locate the patient was 14.6 min (95% CI 11.3–17.9) in the drone-assisted intervention arm and 20.6 min (95% CI 17.3–23.9) in the control arm. The mean time to start treatment was 15.7 min (95% CI 12.4–19.0) in the drone-assisted arm and 22.4 min (95% CI 19.1–25.7) in the control arm (p < 0.01 for both comparisons).
The successful use of drones in SAR operations leads to a reduction in search time and treatment-free interval of patients in challenging terrain, which could improve outcomes in patients suffering from traumatic injuries, the most commonly occurring incident requiring mountain rescue operations.
Journal Article
The Adventure Bay treasury
\"Follow the PAW Patrol on three awesome adventures around Adventure Bay. The tales in this treasury prove that no job is too big and no pup is too small!\"-- Back cover.
Book
The potential use of unmanned aircraft systems (drones) in mountain search and rescue operations
This study explores the potential use of drones in searching for and locating victims and of motorized transportation of search and rescue providers in a mountain environment using a simulation model.
This prospective randomized simulation study was performed in order to compare two different search and rescue techniques in searching for an unconscious victim on snow-covered ground. In the control arm, the Classical Line Search Technique (CLT) was used, in which the search is performed on foot and the victim is reached on foot. In the intervention arm, the Drone-snowmobile Technique (DST) was used, the search being performed by drone and the victim reached by snowmobile. The primary outcome of the study was the comparison of the two search and rescue techniques in terms of first human contact time.
Twenty search and rescue operations were conducted in this study. Median time to arrival at the mannequin was 57.3min for CLT, compared to 8.9min for DST. The median value of the total searched area was 88,322.0m2 for CLT and 228,613.0m2 for DST. The median area searched per minute was 1489.6m2 for CLT and 32,979.9m2 for DST (p<0.01 for all comparisons).
In conclusion, a wider area can be searched faster by drone using DST compared to the classical technique, and the victim can be located faster and reached earlier with rescuers transported by snowmobile.
Journal Article
Cats in the city
While admiring the view of the city from his friend Edith's apartment, Stick Cat notices that Hazel, the bagel maker, is in danger across the alley, and he devises a plan to rescue her.
Book
Measuring the physiological impact of extreme heat on lifeguards during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Randomized simulation study
Lifeguard teams carry out their work in extremely hot conditions in many parts of the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of high temperatures on physiological parameters during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
A randomized quasi-experimental cross-over design was used to test physiological lifesaving demands (50 min acclimatization +10 min CPR) in two different thermal environments: Thermo-neutral environment (25 °C) vs Hyperthermic environment (37 °C).
The data obtained from 21 lifeguards were included, this covers a total of 420 min of resuscitation. The CPR performance was constantly maintained during the 10 min. The Oxygen uptake (VO 2) ranged from 17 to 18 ml/min/kg for chest compressions (CC) and between 13 and 14 ml/min/kg for ventilations (V) at both 25 °C and 37 °C, with no significant difference between environments (p > 0.05). The percentage of maximum heart rate (%HR max) increased between 7% and 8% at 37 °C (p < 0.001), ranging between 75% and 82% of HR max. The loss of body fluids (LBF) was higher in the hyperthermic environment; LBF: (37 °C: 400 ± 187 g vs 25 °C: 148 ± 81 g, p < 0.001). Body temperature was 1 °C higher at the end of the test (p < 0.001). The perceived fatigue (RPE) increased by 37° an average of 2 points on a scale of 10 (p = 0.001).
Extreme heat is not a limiting factor in CPR performance with two lifeguards. Metabolic consumption is sustained, with an increase in CC, so V can serve as active rest. Nevertheless, resuscitation at 37 °C results in a higher HR, is more exhausting and causes significant loss of fluids due to sweating.
Journal Article
Pawsome puppy adventures!
Ryder and his team of dogs describe their characteristics, abilities, favorite activities, and vehicles; rescue Mayor Goodway when her hot air balloon goes awry; and Skye rescues her hero, pilot Ace Sorenson, as the others ready a landing.
Book
Tourniquet application in time-critical aquatic emergencies on a moving rescue water craft (RWC): Can speed and precision coexist?
Lifeguards are the first responders to any type of aquatic incident, including rapid rescue situations such as boating and sporting accidents, animal bites/attacks, and cases involving massive bleeding. In their line of work, rescue boats such as Rescue Water Craft (RWC) are commonly utilized the aim of this study is to evaluate the time and technique of placing a tourniquet on the sled of an RWC navigating at full speed.
A randomized crossover study design was used with a sample of 44 lifeguards. The inclusion criteria required that participants be certified lifeguards with experience in RWC operations and possess knowledge of responding to massive bleeding.
Two CAT tourniquet placement tests were performed. In the 1) Beach-Tourniquet (B-TQ) test: it was performed on land and in the 2) Rescue Water Craft-tourniquet (RWC-TQ) test, sailing at a cruising speed of 20 knots.
The evaluation was recorded in a checklist on the steps and timing of the correct application TQ by direct observation by an expert instructor.
The tourniquet placement on RWC was an average of 11 s slower than when placed on the beach (BT-TQ 35.7 ± 8.0 vs. 46.1 ± 10.9 s, p > 0.001).
In the percentage analysis of the results on correct execution of the skills, higher values are obtained for the B-TQ test than in RWC-TQ in Distance to the wound (into 5–7 cm), band adjustment, checking the radial pulse and reporting the time of tourniquet placement (p > 0.005).
The placement of a tourniquet on a RWC navigating at 20 knots is feasible, relatively quick, and technically well executed.
Journal Article
Surf's up!
Clarence joins his neighbor, Mr. Dent, and his cat Throttle for a day of surfing at the beach, but when Throttle gets into trouble and cannot swim, it's up to Clarence to save the day.
Book
Training Children for Prehospital Aquatic Interventions: Assessing Throwing Skills Using Traditional and Alternative Materials in a Simulated Water Rescue
Drowning remains a significant cause of mortality among children world-wide, making prevention strategies crucial. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends training children in safe rescue techniques, including the use of basic skills such as throwing floating objects. This study aims to address a knowledge gap regarding the throwing capabilities of children aged six to twelve using conventional and alternative water rescue materials.
A total of 374 children aged six to twelve years participated in the study, including both males and females. A randomized crossover approach was used to compare throws with conventional rescue material (ring buoy and rescue tube) to an alternative material (polyethylene terephthalate [PET]-bottle). Throwing distance and accuracy were assessed based on age, sex, and the type of rescue tools used.
Children of all ages were able to throw the PET-bottle significantly farther than both the ring buoy (P <.001; d = 1.19) and the rescue tube (P <.001; d = 0.60). There were no significant differences (P = .414) in the percentage of children who managed to throw each object accurately.
Conventional rescue materials, particularly the ring buoy, may not be well-suited for long-distance throws by children. In contrast, lighter and smaller alternatives, such as PET-bottles, prove to be more adaptable to children's characteristics, enabling them to achieve greater throwing distances. The emphasis on cost-effective and easily accessible alternatives should be implemented in drowning prevention programs or life-saving courses delivered to children.
Journal Article