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Improved technologies for harnessing solar energy are not limited to creating more efficient solar cells. The associated hardware of delivering power from solar cells to homes and businesses, and storing this intermittent resource on the grid, offer R&D opportunities. Lewis reviews the status of these areas, as well as solar thermal and solar fuels approaches for harnessing solar energy. Science , this issue p. 10.1126/science.aad1920 Major developments, as well as remaining challenges and the associated research opportunities, are evaluated for three technologically distinct approaches to solar energy utilization: solar electricity, solar thermal, and solar fuels technologies. Much progress has been made, but research opportunities are still present for all approaches. Both evolutionary and revolutionary technology development, involving foundational research, applied research, learning by doing, demonstration projects, and deployment at scale will be needed to continue this technology-innovation ecosystem. Most of the approaches still offer the potential to provide much higher efficiencies, much lower costs, improved scalability, and new functionality, relative to the embodiments of solar energy-conversion systems that have been developed to date.

Purpose: Universities can do more to deliver against the sustainable development goals (SDGs), working with faculty, staff and students, as well as their wider stakeholder community and alumni body. They play a critical role in helping shape new ways for the world, educating global citizens and delivering knowledge and innovation into society. Universities can be engines of societal transformation. Using a multiple case study approach, this study aims to explore different ways of strategizing sustainability toward delivering the SDGs are explored in a university setting with an example from the UK, Bulgaria (Europe) and USA. Design/methodology/approach: The first case is a public UK university that adopted enterprise and sustainability as its academic mission to secure differentiation in a disrupted and increasingly marketized global higher education sector; this became a source of inspiration for change in regional businesses and the local community. The second case is a business sector-led sustainability-driven transformation working with a private university in Bulgaria to catalyze economic regeneration and social innovation. Finally, a case from the office for sustainability in a major US research university is given to show how its engagement program connected faculty and students in sustainability projects within the institution and with external partners. Findings: Each case is in effect a \"living lab,\" positioning sustainability as an intentional and aspirational strategy with sustainable development and the SDG framework a means to that end. Leadership at all levels, and by students, was key to success in acting with a shared purpose. Partnerships within and with universities can help accelerate delivery of the SDGs, enabling higher education to make a fuller contribution to sustaining the economic, environmental, cultural and intellectual well-being of our global communities. Originality/value: The role of universities as the engine of transformational sustainability toward delivering the SDGs has been explored by way of three case studies that highlight different means toward that end. The collegiate nature of the higher education sector, with its shared governance models and different constituencies and performance drivers, means that sustainability at a strategic level must be led with leaders at all levels acting with purpose. The \"living lab\" model can become a part of transformative institutional change that draws on both top-down and bottom-up strategies in pursuit of sustainable development.

Pandemics have been an unfortunate but consistent facet of human existence over centuries, threatening lives as well as livelihoods globally. Disconcertingly, their frequency persists, with four “major” pandemics disrupting the planet in the last 65 years and more expected in the future. While many of the economic and health consequences of pandemics are well-documented, their marketing implications are less understood. Addressing this gap, we develop a broad, conceptual framework to highlight the characteristics and impacts of pandemics as they relate to marketing. We first identify four macro-level forces that characterize pandemics and highlight their marketing implications. Next, using the 7P marketing mix model as the organizing structure, we discuss these implications at a micro-level and identify a set of research questions to stimulate further inquiry, not only to generate deeper insights pertaining to pandemics’ marketing implications but also to envision new developments in these areas. Finally, we identify pandemics’ disproportionate impacts on and implications for some industry sectors, including healthcare, retail, education, hospitality, and tourism.

The emergence and continued reliance on the Internet and related technologies has resulted in the generation of large amounts of data that can be made available for analyses. However, humans do not possess the cognitive capabilities to understand such large amounts of data. Machine learning (ML) provides a mechanism for humans to process large amounts of data, gain insights about the behavior of the data, and make more informed decision based on the resulting analysis. ML has applications in various fields. This review focuses on some of the fields and applications such as education, healthcare, network security, banking and finance, and social media. Within these fields, there are multiple unique challenges that exist. However, ML can provide solutions to these challenges, as well as create further research opportunities. Accordingly, this work surveys some of the challenges facing the aforementioned fields and presents some of the previous literature works that tackled them. Moreover, it suggests several research opportunities that benefit from the use of ML to address these challenges.

The transition to industry 4.0 has impacted factories, but it also affects the entire value chain. In this sense, human-centred factors play a core role in transitioning to sustainable manufacturing processes and consumption. The awareness of human roles in Industry 4.0 is increasing, as evidenced by active work in developing methods, exploring influencing factors, and proving the effectiveness of design oriented to humans. However, numerous studies have been brought into existence but then disconnected from other studies. As a consequence, these studies in industry and research alike are not regularly adopted, and the network of studies is seemingly broad and expands without forming a coherent structure. This study is a unique attempt to bridge the gap through the literature characteristics and lessons learnt derived from a collection of case studies regarding human-centred design (HCD) in the context of Industry 4.0. This objective is achieved by a well-rounded systematic literature review whose special unit of analysis is given to the case studies, delivering contributions in three ways: (1) providing an insight into how the literature has evolved through the cross-disciplinary lens; (2) identifying what research themes associated with design methods are emerging in the field; (3) and setting the research agenda in the context of HCD in Industry 4.0, taking into account the lessons learnt, as uncovered by the in-depth review of case studies.

Why did you do this work?To evaluate the priorities of paediatric trainees and identify areas of improvement to postgraduate paediatric training in LondonTo compare these results to previous years to monitor trendsTo identify areas that contribute to attrition of paediatric traineesWhat did you do?1014 paediatric trainees in London were invited to complete a survey about their training experience for the March – September 2024 rotation. Of these, 811 were currently in-programme, 123 were out of programme and 80 were on parental leave.The survey consisted of two areas for analysis:Closed questions – to allow for direct quantitative comparison between trusts and sub-specialtiesOpen comments – to allow trainees to qualitatively describe factors relating to the positive and negative aspects of the rotationFree text qualitative analysis was performed by DataSyrup and the London School of Paediatrics (LSP) Everyday Excellence subgroup. A novel self-coding methodology was used to assist in qualitative analysis.What did you find?The survey had a completion rate of 87% amongst in-programme trainees, which is comparable to previous years.This year, 36% of trainees rated their placement as ‘excellent’, compared to 33% last year. 42% of trainees rated their placement to be ‘good’ this year, compared to 47% last year.The analysis of the qualitative responses demonstrated the following themes about the best parts of their placement (figure 1):Learning opportunities, new experiences and exposureSenior supportTeam relationship and work environmentAbstract 8098 Figure 1Trainees were asked “the best things about the placement were in these areas”[Image Omitted. See PDF.]Similar themes to previous years were mentioned in the responses regarding their concerns and areas for improvement (figure 2):Rota and staffing issuesWorkload intensityLearning opportunitiesAbstract 8098 Figure 2Trainees were asked “ I have suggested improvements in these areas”[Image Omitted. See PDF.]What does it mean?The RCPCH acknowledges that issues with the retention of trainees can impact the safe delivery of care to children and young people.1 Clinical experience, supportive consultants and positive workplace morale have been ranked as the most important factors for trainee satisfaction. Whereas, insufficient staffing, workload intensity and rota issues within placements continue to be a major concern to trainees. This should be the focus for training programme directors to prevent a further increase in the attrition rate of trainees.ReferenceRoyal College of Paediatrics & Child Health. Workforce briefing- winter 2018 (2018a). Available: https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/workforce-briefing-winter-2018 [Accessed 30th September 2024].

ObjectivesThe RCPCH Progress+ curriculum mandates research and audit skills for all paediatric trainees. The London REACH (Research, Evaluation and Audit for Child Health) network1 aims to support trainees in gaining those valuable skills. We gathered cross-sectional data on London School of Paediatrics (LSP) trainees’ (1) existing experience of and (2) perceived access to research and multi-centre quality improvement projects.MethodsThe PEAR survey was designed by a subgroup of the REACH central committee and disseminated by NHSmail by local leads. All paediatric trainees in London were included including those OOP. Descriptive quantitative analysis of anonymised data was conducted via R and Excel. A qualitative thematic analysis was undertaken by three reviewers to identify shared themes throughout the open-ended questions.Results142 responses were received and categorised by demographic (age, gender, ethnicity, non-UK primary medical qualification) and training data (integrated academic training, subspecialty training, less than full time). 61.3% of trainees felt they had no capacity for research, whilst 35% found it difficult to identify research opportunities and supervisors. Whilst 98% of trainees demonstrated involvement in local quality improvement projects, only 33% had multi-site experience. Trainees reported conducting only 16% of research activity during paid time and 89% wanted more access to research during their training.Multiple trainee subgroups showed variable research involvement. Integrated academic trainees were more likely to have additional qualifications (100% vs 64%), oral presentations (100% vs 46%) and publications (90% vs 61%); and felt more able to identify research opportunities (80% vs 38%). Less than full time trainees were also more likely to have publications (75% vs 57%), despite fewer being able to identify research opportunities., Trainees with non-UK primary medical qualifications were less likely to have additional qualifications (47% vs 72%) or involvement in poster presentations (76% vs 90%).Qualitative analysis identified three key themes: recognising the importance of paediatric research, barriers to research within training, and wanting integrated research during training. Notable barriers included variable research culture and limitations in time and commitment.ConclusionsOverall, trainees desired greater involvement in research related activities, yet demonstrated difficulty in accessing opportunities. There was variability between subgroups in experiences and access. Subgroups with more protected research time, such as integrated academic trainees, were more likely to have greater academic attainment. Therefore, the provision of equitable access to research will require expansion of protected time for all trainees.Referencewww.reachnetworkldn.com

Purpose Given the recent growth of service robot research in hospitality and tourism management (HTM), the purpose of this study is to identify a research agenda by conducting a systematic and holistic review of service robot research published in both HTM and broader business management (BM) journals. Design/methodology/approach Adopting a service ecosystem perspective, 38 HTM articles and 13 highly cocited BM articles out of 126 BM articles were qualitatively reviewed to analyze the intellectual structures and foundations of robotics research. Findings The relationships between service robots and the four multilevel actors of the service ecosystem were analyzed: the consumer, employee, management and society. Twenty-eight specific research questions were proposed for the robotics-customer relationship, robotics-employee relationship, robotics-management relationship and robotics-society relationship. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to understanding the intellectual structures and evolution of rapidly growing HTM robotics research in terms of the holistic relationships among the four service ecosystem actors of robotics. Future research needs to identify other actors and their activities to examine the service ecosystem of robotics. Originality/value This study provides a pathway for future hospitality and tourism research by helping to focus on important robotics issues and further develop the theoretical and empirical knowledge of robotics. This work informs practitioners of key issues associated with the industrial adoption of robots.

Trainee-led Research Networks (TRNs) can mitigate against the lack of in-training academic opportunities by offering research experience, support and shared learning for paediatricians. The London Research, Evaluation and Audit for Child Health (REACH) Network, founded in 2021, has grown to involve a diverse group of 190 volunteer members at 28 London hospitals. Planning and delivery of a range of multisite projects bring not only many challenges but also a wealth of learning opportunities relating to research and quality improvement as well as leadership, management, education and fostering an accessible and equitable research culture. TRNs are an effective and valuable tool in improving the experience of trainees.

Since decades, the financial industry has experienced a continuous evolution in service delivery due to digitalization. This evolution is characterized by expanded connectivity and enhanced speed of information processing both at the customer interface and in back-office processes. Recently, there has been a shift in the focus of digitalization from improving the delivery of traditional tasks to introducing fundamentally new business opportunities and models for financial service companies. Digital Finance encompasses a magnitude of new financial products, financial businesses, finance-related software, and novel forms of customer communication and interaction—delivered by FinTech companies and innovative financial service providers. Against this backdrop, the research on finance and information systems has started to analyze these changes and the impact of digital progress on the financial sector. Therefore, this article reviews the current state of research in Digital Finance that deals with these novel and innovative business functions. Moreover, it gives an outlook on potential future research directions. As a conceptual basis for reviewing this field, the Digital Finance Cube, which embraces three key dimensions of Digital Finance and FinTech, i.e., the respective business functions, the technologies and technological concepts applied as well as the institutions concerned, is introduced. This conceptualization supports researchers and practitioners when orientating in the field of Digital Finance, allows for the arrangement of academic research relatively to each other, and enables for the revelation of the gaps in research.