Explore the vast range of titles available.

The study of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has led to an increased understanding of the multiple pathologies and pathways of the disease. As such, it has been proposed that AD and its various stages might be most effectively treated with a combination approach rather than a single therapy; however, combination approaches present many challenges that include limitations of non‐clinical models, complexity of clinical trial design, and unclear regulatory requirements. The Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable meeting on May 7–8, 2018, discussed the approaches and challenges of combination therapy for AD. Experts in the field (academia, industry, and government) provided perspectives that may help establish a path forward for the development of new combination therapies.

The Alzheimer's disease (AD) scientific field continues to make significant advances in early detection and treatments, which importantly rest on advances in our fundamental understanding of AD pathobiology and its contribution to cognitive decline. Clinical readouts of monoclonal antibodies against various forms of the amyloid beta (Aβ) protein indicate that the impact of these treatments may extend beyond reduction in amyloid plaques. The Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable meeting held on May 17 and 18, 2022, reviewed our understanding to date of the impact of treatments targeting various species of Aβ; its impact on other related pathophysiology including tau; and ultimately, its effects on neurodegeneration and clinical decline, driven by the latest available data. Participants discussed the current evidence for a causal relationship among amyloid accumulation, tau alteration, and cognitive decline; the effect of anti‐amyloid therapies on clinical and biomarker endpoints; and how we can accelerate the pathway to therapeutic approval and what should guide us for the near future. Highlights The Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable convened leaders from industry and academia, as well as patients, clinicians, and government and regulatory agency scientists to discuss the topic “Current Understanding of AD Pathophysiology & Impact of Amyloid‐beta Targeted Treatments on Biomarkers and Clinical Endpoints.” The totality of scientific evidence (clinical trials, animal data, modeling, and observational studies) on the relationship between amyloid beta (Aβ), amyloid, tau, and cognitive impairment is helping our understanding of the downstream effects and overall importance of lowering amyloid plaque load. Based on data from multiple phase 2 and 3 clinical trials of anti‐amyloid monoclonal antibodies, there is strong evidence to support that a sufficiently large reduction in amyloid plaque load to near‐normal levels is associated with positive changes in tau biomarkers and clinical endpoints. Reduction of Aβ plaque, measured easily by plasma amyloid biomarkers, is reasonably likely to predict benefit in clinical outcome measures.

Demonstrating that treatments are clinically meaningful across the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum is critical for meeting our goals of accelerating a cure by 2025. While this topic has been a focus of several Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable (AARR) meetings, there remains no consensus as to what constitutes a “clinically meaningful outcome” in the eyes of patients, clinicians, care partners, policymakers, payers, and regulatory bodies. Furthermore, the field has not come to agreement as to what constitutes a clinically meaningful treatment effect at each stage of disease severity. The AARR meeting on November 19–20, 2019, reviewed current approaches to defining clinical meaningfulness from various perspectives including those of patients and care partners, clinicians, regulators, health economists, and public policymakers. Participants discussed approaches that may confer clinical relevance at each stage of the disease continuum and fostered discussion about what should guide us in the future.

Advances in biomarker technology, digital cognitive assessments, and amyloid‐targeting therapies have redefined the opportunities for accurate and early diagnosis and care of Alzheimer's disease (AD). These advances also create new possibilities for intervention before the onset of cognitive impairment. This paradigm shift has increased the focus on Stages 1 and 2 of AD, in which individuals are cognitively unimpaired but exhibit biological evidence of disease. While early identification of AD offers an opportunity to intervene early to delay progression and preserve quality of life, it also presents complex challenges related to communicating diagnostic results to patients and their families, contextualizing the cost effectiveness of early diagnosis and treatment, and implementation of and equitable access to treatments. Recent, successfully enrolled, preclinical AD trials highlight the complex strategies required to identify asymptomatic, biomarker‐positive individuals on a large scale, and demonstrate critical knowledge gaps in inclusion, follow‐up, and long‐term outcome measurement. The Spring 2025 Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable (AARR) meeting brought together academics, clinicians, industry, and regulatory leaders to exchange perspectives on current challenges, key learnings, and potential strategies for identifying and treating individuals in very early stages of AD, effectively and safely. This paper presents key takeaways from the Spring 2025 AARR meeting. Highlights New criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) enable early identification of AD pathology. Blood tests and digital cognitive assessment tools may facilitate early and personalized care. Plasma biomarkers may be scalable in clinical settings but need confirmation or follow‐up assessments in those individuals with equivocal results. Early therapy shows best results in people with lower initial amyloid and tau burden.

The Alzheimer's disease (AD) research field has entered a new era, where our fundamental understanding of the pathophysiology of AD and advances in biomarkers have not only allowed for earlier, timely, and accurate detection and diagnosis of the disease, but that amyloid removal has been shown to be associated with signals of slowing cognitive and functional decline. Although recent FDA‐approved amyloid plaque‐lowering monoclonal antibody therapies have shifted the trajectory of AD, additional treatment options will be key to further slowing clinical decline or stopping disease progression. Thus, new and emerging therapies for AD have created an evolving therapeutic landscape. The Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable (AARR) Spring meeting held on May 23–34, 2023, brought together a broad array of scientific leaders from the AARR membership, academia, industry, and government and regulatory agencies to discuss the future of clinical trials in an era of regulator‐approved amyloid‐targeting therapies. Participants discussed lessons learned from other neurological diseases where disease‐modifying treatments were first approved and key considerations for future clinical trials, for example, trial population real‐world representativeness, duration, biomarker screening, efficacy endpoints, combination therapy, as well as overall trial design and the ethical and equity concerns that clinicians, patients, and their families face when considering clinical trial participation. Highlights The Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable (AARR) convened leaders from industry and academia, as well as patients, clinicians, and government and regulatory agency scientists to discuss the topic, “Alzheimer's Disease Drug Development in an Evolving Therapeutic Landscape.” While recently approved amyloid‐targeting therapies show great promise in providing clinically meaningful outcomes for patients and families, additional treatments, and a better understanding of dosing and administration of these approved treatments, are needed to further slow and eventually prevent clinical decline in AD. Approved therapies will impact many aspects of clinical trial design including the use of placebo‐controls, participant re‐enrollment, safety monitoring, as well as biomarker selection. This exciting new era in AD research represents a hopeful future for clinicians, patients, and their care partners.

Each of 32 nonprofit organizations contributing a presentation to the Pan-Organizational Summit on the Science and Engineering Workforce (November 11-12, 2002; The National Academies, Washington, DC) was invited to issue a corresponding position paper to be reproduced in this volume. The bulk of this report comprises these papers. In addition, Shirley Jackson and Joseph Toole, two of the keynote speakers, have included their remarks.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a continuum consisting of a preclinical stage that occurs decades before symptoms appear. As researchers make advances in investigating the continuum, the importance of developing drugs for secondary prevention is garnering increased discussion. For efficacious drug development for secondary prevention it is important to define what are the earliest biological stages of AD. The Alzheimer's Association Research Roundtable convened November 27 to 28, 2018 to focus on pre‐clinical AD. This review will address the biological approach to defining pre‐clinical AD, detection, identification of at‐risk individuals, and lessons learned from trials such as A4 and TOMMORROW.

[...]there was the search for scholars who were interested and hence my approach to Jennifer, and Dianne Otto from Law, and Nesam, so people within my immediate purview. [...]we needed seed funding and after gaining this we asked La Mama to provide us with a model of this performance, a pilot, which could then be taken to community so they could see what it was and see the possibilities. Every time the curriculum is taught it might initially focus around the Coranderrk story but if it is taught in the western district, for example, there will be reference to a version of the Coranderrk story that is unique to that place. [...]whenever that curriculum is taught in a region like that it would activate again local links that are already established between that high school and local indigenous communities and therefore that kind of engagement is embedded for as long as this curriculum would be taught. Because to give privilege to the Aboriginal story distorted the relevance of the Indigenous/non-Indigenous relationship at law.

Each of 32 nonprofit organizations contributing a presentation to the Pan-Organizational Summit on the Science and Engineering Workforce (November 11-12, 2002; The National Academies, Washington, DC) was invited to issue a corresponding position paper to be reproduced in this volume.The bulk of this report comprises these papers.