Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
74,488
result(s) for
"Research parks"
Sort by:
Cities of Knowledge
What is the magic formula for turning a place into a high-tech capital? How can a city or region become a high-tech powerhouse like Silicon Valley? For over half a century, through boom times and bust, business leaders and politicians have tried to become \"the next Silicon Valley,\" but few have succeeded. This book examines why high-tech development became so economically important late in the twentieth century, and why its magic formula of people, jobs, capital, and institutions has been so difficult to replicate. Margaret O'Mara shows that high-tech regions are not simply accidental market creations but \"cities of knowledge\"--planned communities of scientific production that were shaped and subsidized by the original venture capitalist, the Cold War defense complex.
At the heart of the story is the American research university, an institution enriched by Cold War spending and actively engaged in economic development. The story of the city of knowledge broadens our understanding of postwar urban history and of the relationship between civil society and the state in late twentieth-century America. It leads us to further redefine the American suburb as being much more than formless \"sprawl,\" and shows how it is in fact the ultimate post-industrial city. Understanding this history and geography is essential to planning for the future of the high-tech economy, and this book is must reading for anyone interested in building the next Silicon Valley.
eBook
The development model of sustainable campus based on green buildings: a systematic comparative study between Japan and China
PurposeThe research on sustainable campus is related to environmental protection and the realization of global sustainable development goals (SDGs). Because the sustainable campus development in China and Japan is carried out around buildings, this paper takes Kitakyushu Science and Research Park as a case to study the characteristics and typical model of sustainable campus in Japan by combined with the characteristics of Chinese sustainable campus.Design/methodology/approachThis study compares the evaluation standards of green buildings between China and Japan, then compares the assessment results of the same typical green building case and finally summarizes the development mode and main realization path by discussing the implications of green buildings on campus sustainability.FindingsThe results show that (1) the sustainable campus evaluation in Japan mainly pays attention to the indoor environment, energy utilization and environmental problems. (2) Buildings mainly affect the sustainability of the campus in three aspects: construction, transportation and local. (3) The sustainable campus development model of Science and Research Park can be summarized as follows: taking green building as the core; SDGs as the goals; education as the guarantee; and the integration of industry, education and research as the characteristics.Practical implicationsIt mainly provides construction experience for other campuses around the world to coordinate the contradictions between campus buildings and the environment based on sustainable principles in their own construction. It proposes a new sustainable campus construction path of “building–region–environment” integrated development.Originality/valueThis study provides theoretical framework for the development of sustainable campuses that includes long-term construction ideas and current technological support greatly improving the operability of practical applications. It not only enriches the sample cases of global sustainable campuses but also provides new ideas and perspectives for the sustainable development research of the overall campus through quantitative evaluation of building and environmental impacts.
Journal Article
Chinese Science and Technology Industrial Parks
Title first published in 2003. This book examines types of advanced technology Chinese districts set aside for developing products for national and global markets. Culminating in a proposed best practice model for Chinese integration into global networks, based on China's own particular political economy.
Susan M. Walcott is Associate Professor in the Department of Geography at Georgia State University.
Contents: Chinese economic development zones: an overview; New industrial districts: theories and models; Chinese policy background; Multinational development zone: Shenzhen; Multinational development zone: Dongguan; Multinational development zone: Suzhou; Multinational learning zone: Shanghai; Local innovation learning zone: Beijing; Local innovation learning zone: Shenzhen; Local innovation learning zone: Xi'an; A Chinese best practice model; Index.
eBook
The Research Triangle
Over the past three decades, the economy of North Carolina's Research Triangle-defined by the cities of Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill-has been transformed from one dependent on agriculture and textiles to one driven by knowledge-based jobs in technology, telecommunications, and pharmaceuticals. Now home to roughly 1.7 million people, the Research Triangle has attracted an influx of new residents from across the country and around the world while continuing to win praise for its high quality of life. At the region's center is the 7,000-acre Research Triangle Park, one of the nation's largest and most prominent research and development campuses. Founded in 1959 through a partnership of local governments, universities, and business leaders, Research Triangle Park has catalyzed the region's rapid growth and hastened its coalescence into a single metropolitan area.
The Research Triangle: From Tobacco Road to Global Prominencedescribes the history, current challenges, and future prospects of this fascinating metropolitan area. Focusing on the personalities and perspectives of key actors in the development of the region, William M. Rohe traces the emergence of the Research Triangle Park and its role in the region's economic transformation. He also addresses some of the downsides of development, illustrating the strains that explosive population growth has placed on the region's school systems, natural resources, transportation infrastructure, and social cohesion. As Rohe shows, the Research Triangle is not a city in the traditional sense but a sprawling conurbation whose rapid, low-density growth and attendant problems are indicative of metropolitan life in much of America today. Although the Triangle's short-term prospects are bright, Rohe warns that troubling issues loom-the region is expected to add nearly a million residents over the next two decades-and will need to be addressed through improvements in governmental cooperation, regional planning, and civic leadership. Finally, the author outlines key lessons that other metropolitan areas can learn from the Research Triangle's dramatic rise to prominence.
eBook
The somatic mutation profiles of 2,433 breast cancers refines their genomic and transcriptomic landscapes
The genomic landscape of breast cancer is complex, and inter- and intra-tumour heterogeneity are important challenges in treating the disease. In this study, we sequence 173 genes in 2,433 primary breast tumours that have copy number aberration (CNA), gene expression and long-term clinical follow-up data. We identify 40 mutation-driver (Mut-driver) genes, and determine associations between mutations, driver CNA profiles, clinical-pathological parameters and survival. We assess the clonal states of Mut-driver mutations, and estimate levels of intra-tumour heterogeneity using mutant-allele fractions. Associations between PIK3CA mutations and reduced survival are identified in three subgroups of ER-positive cancer (defined by amplification of 17q23, 11q13-14 or 8q24). High levels of intra-tumour heterogeneity are in general associated with a worse outcome, but highly aggressive tumours with 11q13-14 amplification have low levels of intra-tumour heterogeneity. These results emphasize the importance of genome-based stratification of breast cancer, and have important implications for designing therapeutic strategies.
Journal Article
HOW ENTREPRENEURS LEVERAGE INSTITUTIONAL INTERMEDIARIES IN EMERGING ECONOMIES TO ACQUIRE PUBLIC RESOURCES
Research summary: Governments in emerging economies often use institutional intermediaries to promote entrepreneurship, and bridge the void between ventures and public funding. While prior literature describes what institutional intermediaries do, it leaves open how intermediaries support different types of entrepreneurs. By comparing science park and non-science park firms in Beijing and across China, we distinguish which entrepreneurs benefit from certification versus capability-building through the introduction of two new constructs: skill adequacy and context relevance. Broadly, our study adds insights at the nexus of emerging economies and entrepreneurship research, and to the tie formation and institutional intermediaries literatures. Managerial summary: A key dilemma facing entrepreneurs is how to finance their ventures. While entrepreneurs in developed economies can seek VC or angel investment, entrepreneurs in emerging economies often need to pursue potential government funding opportunities. Our study highlights three strategies for acquiring government funding. Well-connected entrepreneurs can leverage their political ties to acquire such funding. Less-connected entrepreneurs can leverage science parks that in emerging markets are designed to help governments to identify promising ventures. For returnees whose ample experience abroad may not fit with local ways of doing business, gaining science park admission can certify quality and so ease the path to government funding. For technically skilled local entrepreneurs who lack business skills, science parks can help build such skills, which then ease the path to government funding.
Journal Article
U.S. university research parks
University research parks are important as a mechanism for the transfer of academic research findings, as a source of knowledge spillovers, and as a catalyst for national and regional economic growth. We develop a model to describe the growth, or productivity, of research parks, and we test this model using the newly constructed National Science Foundation database on university research parks. We find that parks closer to the university, operated by a private organization, and with a specific technology focus — information technology in particular — grow faster than the average of 8.4% per year.
Journal Article
Ruminococcus gnavus: friend or foe for human health
Abstract
Ruminococcus gnavus was first identified in 1974 as a strict anaerobe in the gut of healthy individuals, and for several decades, its study has been limited to specific enzymes or bacteriocins. With the advent of metagenomics, R. gnavus has been associated both positively and negatively with an increasing number of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases from inflammatory bowel diseases to neurological disorders. This prompted renewed interest in understanding the adaptation mechanisms of R. gnavus to the gut, and the molecular mediators affecting its association with health and disease. From ca. 250 publications citing R. gnavus since 1990, 94% were published in the last 10 years. In this review, we describe the biological characterization of R. gnavus, its occurrence in the infant and adult gut microbiota and the factors influencing its colonization of the gastrointestinal tract; we also discuss the current state of our knowledge on its role in host health and disease. We highlight gaps in knowledge and discuss the hypothesis that differential health outcomes associated with R. gnavus in the gut are strain and niche specific.
Ruminoccocus gnavus, a prevalent member of the infant and adult gut microbiota has emerged a as a key biomarker of health and diseases with functionally characterized immune and metabolic properties.
Journal Article
Methane Emissions From Created Riverine Wetlands
We measured methane emissions over a two-year period (2006–08) from two 12 to 14-year-old created freshwater marshes in central Ohio, one initially planted and the other allowed to self-colonize. Overall, methane emissions in the two created wetlands were different (
p
< 0.05), with the plant self-colonized wetland having higher annual methane (median and mean) emissions of 19 and 68 g CH
4
-C m
−2
y
−1
than the planted wetland (6 and 17 g CH
4
-C m
−2
y
−1
). Since hydrology and soil/water temperature were identical for the two wetlands, we hypothesize that differences in carbon accumulation due to higher net primary productivity in the self-colonized wetland may be causing higher methane emissions in that wetland. Net primary productivity in the self-colonized wetland was higher 7 out of 11 years prior to the study. Methane emissions from the created wetlands were lower than the average methane emission of 82 g CH
4
-C m
−2
y
−1
in a natural wetland in Ohio with similar hydrologic patterns. Methane emissions increased at a slower rate in the planted wetland (4 g CH
4
-C m
−2
y
−1
) than in the self-colonized wetland (16 g CH
4
-C m
−2
y
−1
) over a four-year period. Early methane emissions from created wetlands may depend as much or more on the methods used to create the wetlands, e.g. planting v. self colonization, as on their hydrogeomorphic conditions.
Journal Article