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"Resistance ability"
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Restore me
\"It's been sixteen days since Juliette Ferrars killed the supreme commander of North America and took over as ruler of the Reestablishment on the continent ... Juliette thought she'd won. She took over sector 45 and now has Warner by her side. But she's still the girl with the ability to kill with a single touch--and with so much power in her young hands, the world is watching her every move, waiting to see what happens next.\"--Dust jacket.
Book
Physiological Responses of Robinia pseudoacacia and Quercus acutissima Seedlings to Repeated Drought-Rewatering Under Different Planting Methods
Changing precipitation patterns have aggravated the existing uneven water distribution, leading to the alternation of drought and rewatering. Based on this variation, we studied species, namely, Robinia pseudoacacia and Quercus acutissima , with different root forms and water regulation strategy to determine physiological responses to repeated drought-rewatering under different planting methods. Growth, physiological, and hydraulic traits were measured using pure and mixed planting seedlings that were subjected to drought, repeated drought-rewatering (i.e., treatments), and well-irrigated seedlings (i.e., control). Drought had negative effects on plant functional traits, such as significantly decreased xylem water potential (Ψ md ), net photosynthetic rate (A P ), and then height and basal diameter growth were slowed down, while plant species could form stress imprint and adopt compensatory mechanism after repeated drought-rewatering. Mixed planting of the two tree species prolonged the desiccation time during drought, slowed down Ψ md and A P decreasing, and after rewatering, plant functional traits could recover faster than pure planting. Our results demonstrate that repeated drought-rewatering could make plant species form stress imprint and adopt compensatory mechanism, while mixed planting could weaken the inhibition of drought and finally improve the overall drought resistance; this mechanism may provide a theoretical basis for afforestation and vegetation restoration in the warm temperate zone under rising uneven spatiotemporal water distribution.
Journal Article
King's cage
Mare Barrow is being held prisoner by a boy she once loved, who is now king and following in his mother's footsteps. Mare's group of followers prepares for war and all allegiances will be tested.
BOOK
The effects of mepiquat chloride (DPC) on the soluble protein content and the activities of protective enzymes in cotton in response to aphid feeding and on the activities of detoxifying enzymes in aphids
Background
Mepiquat chloride (DPC) enhances the resistance of cotton plants, and it is widely used as a growth regulator. DPC can stimulate photosynthesis, stabilize the structure of cotton leaves, and affect population reproduction and energy substances in
Aphis gossypii
Glover (cotton aphids), but interactions between DPC and cotton aphids remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the physiological responses of cotton to DPC, and the toxicity of DPC toward cotton aphids, before and after feeding, to explore the DPC-induced defense mechanism against cotton aphids.
Results
Measurements of protective enzyme activity in cotton showed that the soluble protein contents, peroxidase (POD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity in cotton treated with different concentrations of DPC were higher than in the control. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher than that of the control when the concentration of DPC was < 0.1 g/L. Under aphid feeding stress, POD activity in cotton treated with a low insect population density was significantly lower than in the controls, but the reverse was true for cotton treated with a high insect population density, and SOD activity was positively correlated with population density. The activities of detoxification enzymes in field and laboratory experiments showed that DPC promoted the specific activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in cotton aphids, while the specific activities of carboxylesterase (CarE) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) were decreased.
Conclusions
DPC enhanced the aphid resistance in cotton by increasing the soluble protein content and the activity of protective enzymes. It also had a toxic effect on cotton aphids by increasing GST activity (the main DPC target). DPC increased the soluble protein content and protective enzymes activity in cotton under aphid stress, and thereby enhanced tolerance to cotton aphids. It conclude that DPC interferes with cotton aphids through indirect (DPC induced cotton defense responses) and direct (DPC toxicity to cotton aphids) ways, which plays a positive role in interfering with cotton aphids.
Journal Article
Red queen
Mare Barrow's world is divided by blood -- those with common, Red blood serve the Silver-blooded elite, who are gifted with superhuman abilities. Mare is a Red, scraping by as a thief in a poor, rural village, until a twist of fate throws her in front of the Silver court. Before the king, princes, and all the nobles, she discovers she has an ability of her own. To cover up this impossibility, the king forces her to play the role of a lost Silver princess and betroths her to one of his own sons. As Mare is drawn further into the Silver world, she risks everything and uses her new position to help the Scarlet Guard -- a growing Red rebellion -- even as her heart tugs her in an impossible direction. One wrong move can lead to her death, but in the dangerous game she plays, the only certainty is betrayal.
Microbial Diversity Affects the Cold Tolerance of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) by Regulating Histamine Metabolism
The red swamp crayfish (
Procambarus clarkii
) is one of the important freshwater aquaculture species in China, but its growth and development are greatly affected by temperature, which makes it difficult to expand its aquaculture range to the northern regions of China. The composition of gut microbes plays a vital role in resisting environmental pressure, and is also an important driving factor for amino acid metabolism in the body. However, little is known about the relationship between microorganisms, metabolism, and cold-resistance ability of
P. clarkii
. In this study, we performed the cold-resistance and antioxidant ability test, gut microbiota diversity analysis, quantitative analysis of histamine, and bioinformatics analysis of histamine receptor (HR) family on
P. clarkii
. The results showed that the cold-resistance crayfish exhibited high antioxidant ability and low gut microbiota diversity after acute cold stress. Next, we also found that there was significant correlation between the
Lactobacilli
genus and histamine abundance, indicating that the excellent cold tolerance ability of crayfish may stem from the degradation of histamine by
Lactobacilli
. Finally, it was revealed that
HR
genes had considerable quantity of gene copies, conservative evolution in crustacean lineages and expression differences in low-temperature tolerant populations. These results suggested that the diversity of
Lactobacillus
mediated changes in histamine metabolism affect antioxidant capacity, which is one of the reasons why
P. clarkii
exhibits cold resistance ability. This finding provided a theoretical basis for understanding the microorganism-histamine regulation mechanism of red swamp crayfish under cold stress, promoting the breeding and healthy culture of cold-resistance strain.
Journal Article
War storm
Resolved to overthrow the kingdom of Norta, Mare must side with the boy who broke her heart, while King Maven, vows to have Mare as his own.
BOOK
Satellite-Based Evidences to Improve Cropland Productivity on the High-Standard Farmland Project Regions in Henan Province, China
Under the pressure of limited arable land and increasing demand for food, improving the quality of existing arable land has become a priority to ensure food security. The Chinese government gives great importance to improving cropland productivity by focusing on the construction of high-standard farmland (HSF). The government puts forward the goal of constructing 1.2 billion mu (100 mu ≈ 6.67 hectares) of HSF by 2030. Therefore, how to apply remote sensing to monitor the ability to increase and stabilize yields in HSF project regions has become an essential task for proving the efficiency of HSF construction. Based on HSF project distribution data, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (Landsat8-OLI) data, this study develops a method to monitor cropland productivity improvement by measuring cropland productivity level (CPL), disaster resistance ability (DRA) and homogeneous yield degree (HYD) in the HSF project region. Taking China’s largest grain production province (Henan Province) as a case study area, research shows that a light use efficiency model that includes multiple cropping data can effectively detect changes in cropland productivity before and after HSF construction. Furthermore, integrated Landsat8-OLI and MODIS data can detect changes in DRA and HYD before and after HSF construction with higher temporal and spatial resolution. In 109 HSF project regions concentrated and distributed in contiguous regions in Henan Province, the average cropland productivity increased by 145 kg/mu; among the eight sample project regions, DRA was improved in seven sample project regions; and the HYD in all eight sample project regions was greatly improved (the degree of increase is more than 75%). This evidence from satellites proves that the Chinese HSF project has significantly improved the CPL, DRA and HYD of cropland, while this study also verifies the practicability of the three indices to monitor the efficiency of HSF construction.
Journal Article
Defy me
Juliette Ferrars isn't who she thinks she is. Still reeling from the explosive events of the Continental Symposium and the secrets Warner has been keeping, Juliette has nowhere to turn and doesn't know whom she can trust. She's desperate for answers, but to get them, she'll have to face the nightmares that've been chasing her for a lifetime.
Book
Zinc-substituted hemoglobin with specific drug binding sites and fatty acid resistance ability for enhanced photodynamic therapy
Precisely designed protein-based nanodrugs, as a kind of colloidal drug system, have attracted significant attention in tumor therapy because of their refined drug loading ratio, controlled delivery efficacy and natural biocompatibility. However, most drugs are conjugated to the protein carriers randomly without specific binding sites. Moreover, such sites could easily be replaced by lipophilic molecules in the physiological environment and result in low delivery efficiency. With strong and specific binding locations especially comparatively narrow spatial binding sites and nonflexible structure, hemin (FePPIX)-free hemoglobin or apohemoglobin (apoHb), as a natural metalloporphyrin protein carrier, represents great potential in bioapplication. Therefore, we herein introduce a folate acid (FA) modified, zinc-substituted hemoglobin (ZnPHb-FA) as a naturally occurring protein matrix-based photosensitizer for cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT). Noncovalent inserted ZnPPIX molecules in apoHb possess an extremely stable property and significant recovered photoproperties with superior biocompatibility and phototoxicity, both
in vitro
and
in vivo.
This stability was verified by molecular docking analysis and calculation of binding constant, representing a total of five drug binding sites of apoHb for ZnPPIX molecules, four of which are energetically favorable (Δ
G
value of -11.9 kcal/mol), and one which is energetically acceptable (Δ
G
value of -9 kcal/mol). Folate acid modification has been shown to efficiently enhance the internalization and retention time of ZnPHb nanodrug. ZnPHb-FA is also an efficient depressor of hemin oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which could, in turn, lower the antioxidant ability of cancer cells by decreasing the production of bilirublin. Results
in vitro
and
in vivo
both indicated that the firmly combination of apoHb and ZnPPIX described here represents a novel and efficient protein nanodrug systems for cancer therapy.
Journal Article