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"Retention basins"
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Potential Environmental Impacts Caused by Sedimentation at the Tambakboyo Retention Basin D.I.Yogyakarta to Fulfill the Needs For Watershed
The use of the Tambakboyo Retention Basin for more than 10 years has led to sedimentation at the bottom of the reservoir due to precipitated particles that are transported along with the water flow. Sedimentation of this reservoir can have several impacts on the environment. This study aims to analyze the possible environmental impacts that could occur in the Tambakboyo Retention Basin through the results of an analysis of the sedimentation rate and volume of water availability that has been carried out in previous studies. The results of previous studies indicate that the sedimentation rate in the Tambakboyo Retention Basin is included in category I or very light. However, several impacts may occur if there is no management, including reduced reservoir water holding capacity, flood hazard, excessive soil enrichment, lack of water so that the reservoir is no longer useful, and can even damage the reservoir. Thus, sediment management efforts need to be carried out, including repairing open land (greening), dredging sediments in the reservoir, and building sediment traps upstream of the reservoir.
Journal Article
Optimal LID Designs Based on SWMM Simulations Regarding the Sustainable Efficacy of Stormwater Management in Port Areas
Urbanization leads to increased stormwater runoff, placing enormous pressure on the drainage system, including that of port cities in Hunan Province. This increases the risk of urban flooding and threatens the sustainability of the urban ecosystem. In this study, we employed the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to assess surface runoff and pollutant accumulation (TSS, COD, TN, and TP) under varying storm conditions and evaluate the efficacy of low-impact development (LID) measures in mitigating these impacts. The results included a peak ratio of 0.45, indicating complex concentration dynamics and good agreement with the observed rainfall patterns. The installation of permeable paving, rainwater infiltration ditches, and rainwater storage tanks reduced the peak flows by 33.3%, 30%, and 50%, respectively, with the rainwater storage tanks also reducing the total phosphorus (TP) load by 29.17%. In addition, it was found that rainwater collected in cisterns could be used not only for resource recycling but also to replenish groundwater resources. This demonstrates that low-impact development (LID) measures significantly reduce peak flows and pollutant loads and effectively promote the sustainable use of urban stormwater resources. The cost–benefit analyses show that the long-term benefits of LID systems are superior to those of traditional stormwater management systems. Therefore, LID measures can not only effectively reduce the pressure on urban drainage systems and improve flood prevention and mitigation capabilities but also promote sustainable development and the green transformation of cities.
Journal Article
Seasonal hydrological and water quality performance of individual and in-series stormwater infrastructures as treatment trains in cold climate
The performance of stormwater treatment trains and of their individual green infrastructures was evaluated near Montreal, Canada. Three treatment trains were studied: Train 1 – five bioretention cells in series with a wet retention pond; Train 2 – an infiltration trench in series with a dry detention pond; and Train 3 – Train 2 in series with a wet retention pond. A total of 47 rain events were monitored to quantity the hydrological performance, while water quality samples were taken during 24 rainfall events. During the summer, the bioretention cells led to a reduction in runoff volumes varying from 8 to 100%. Overall, the three studied treatment trains and all of the individual infrastructures, except for the dry pond, provided reductions in the mean concentrations of total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorous. Results also showed that the use of a train of stormwater infrastructures can be more effective to reach Quebec's legislated targets than single infrastructures, but only if the infrastructures are sequenced properly. Indeed, the addition of a dry basin at the end of Train 2 affected negatively the removal efficiency of the four studied contaminants.
Journal Article
Survival of Fishes in a Stormwater Retention Pond at the Watershed Nature Center, Edwardsville, Illinois
A study of the Upper Pond at the Edwardsville Watershed Nature Center (WNC) was conducted to discover the potential cause of fish kills in the small stormwater retention pond and to determine how the current populations of bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), redear sunfish (Lepomis microlophus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) can survive in the pond based on prevailing environmental conditions. Dissolved oxygen (DO) was measured from June 19 to December 5, 2019 at a site in the center of the open lake (4 m deep) and from a dock near the shore (1.1 m deep). Water temperature was measured intermittently at both sites from June 19 to November 4. In the open lake, oxygen levels reached a peak of 11.6 mg/L at the surface on July 2. Below 2.5 m DO remained less than 1.5 mg/L until Oct. 8 when it slowly began to rise reaching a high of 10.8 on Nov. 20. The dock station had similar oxygen levels. Temperature varied from a high of 31.2 [degrees]C on July 21 to a low of 6.5[degrees] C on November 3. The low DO in the pond results from a nearly continuous cover of duckweed (Lemna sps) which prevents interchange of oxygen with the atmosphere. It is likely that the low oxygen levels select for fish species that are physiologically and behaviorally capable of surviving hypoxia.
Journal Article
Associations between stormwater retention pond parameters and pollutant (suspended solids and metals) removal efficiencies
Presented in this paper are the results of correlational analyses and logistic regression between metal substances (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn), as well as suspended solids removal, and physical pond parameters of 19 stormwater retention pond case studies obtained from the International Stormwater BMP database. Included are cross-correlations between metals and solids in pond influent, effluent and removals. The findings provide insights fundamental to further development of improved models and design guidelines for stormwater ponds. Indications were that (i) pond efficiencies differed between high and low influent concentrations and masses, (ii) concentration was an invalid indicator of correlations between substances in pond influent and effluent as well as the fractions of substances removed within ponds, (iii) total cadmium, copper, lead, zinc and total suspended solids (TSS) were associated in surface runoff and similarly removed within ponds, (iv) statistically significant correlations were often only found in data groups either above or below a specific statistic (quartile value, median) for specific pond parameters, indicating that removals may have been differently influenced by pond parameters over different data ranges, and (v) the volume within the permanent pool was of greater importance to pond efficiencies than the volume captured during storm events.
Journal Article
Analysis of erosion and sedimentation in predicting the life time of the Cieunteung Retention Basin
The high rates of erosion and sedimentation as the impacts of changes in land use cause the problem of sedimentation. The aim of this research is to analyse erosion and sedimentation in the Upper Citarum sub-basin, which will impact the life time of the Cieunteung retention basin. The SWAT model was used to simulate the hydrological process and erosion mechanism by using the formula of MUSLE. Based on the results of simulation data, the highest average erosion equalled 1, 094 tons/ha/year in 2013 while the lowest average erosion equalled 71.16 tons/ha/year in 2009. The results of SWAT model calibration in 2008-2018 were R2 = 0.89 and NS = 0.95, which means the model performance is categorized as very good. The simulation results showed the anticipative indicators of watershed disaster, as the erosion hazard index in terms of land cover and the coefficient of river regime in terms of water availability, have a very close relationship and positive correlation with the average of R2 = 0.8. The incoming sediment to the Cieunteung retention basin is 105, 418 ton/year or 72, 551.961 m3/year. By using sediment trap efficiency with a value of 4.37%, this research estimated that the dead storage capacity of 113, 670.3 m3 will be filled with sediments in 35.87 years. Furthermore, the long-term retention basin conservation effort by land terracing can reduce total sediments by 22% to 81, 948 tons in 2018, and thus the life time of the Cieunteung retention basin becomes 46.15 years.
Journal Article
Ecotoxicological characterisation of sediments from stormwater retention basins
Retention–detention basins are important structures for managing stormwater. However, their long-term operation raises the problem of managing the sediments they accumulate. Potential uses for such sediments have been envisaged, but each sediment must be characterised beforehand to verify its harmlessness. In this paper we address this issue through the development of a battery of bioassays specifically adapted to such sediments. We tested the method on samples taken from four retention basins in the region of Lyon (France). This battery focuses on the toxic effects linked to both the solid phase (ostracod and Microtox® solid-phase tests) and the liquid-phase (interstitial water) of sediments (rotifer and Microtox® liquid-phase tests). The results obtained permit the sorting of sediments presenting little toxicity, and which could therefore be potentially exploitable, from those from more polluted areas presenting higher toxicity that limits their use.
Journal Article
Inundation analysis of metro systems with the storm water management model incorporated into a geographical information system: a case study in Shanghai
This study presents an integrated approach to evaluate inundation risks, in which an algorithm is proposed to integrate the storm water management model (SWMM) into a geographical information system (GIS). The proposed algorithm simulates the flood inundation of overland flows and in metro stations for each designed scenario. It involves the following stages: (i) determination of the grid location and spreading coefficient and (ii) an iterative calculation of the spreading process. In addition, an equation is proposed to calculate the inundation around a metro station and to predict the potential inundation risks of the metro system. The proposed method is applied to simulate the inundation risk of the metro system in the urban centre of Shanghai under 50-year, 100-year, and 500-year rainfall intensities. Both inundation extent and depth are obtained and the proposed method is validated with records of historical floods. The results demonstrate that in the case of a 500-year rainfall intensity, the inundated area with a water depth excess of 300 mm covers up to 5.16 km2. In addition, four metro stations are inundated to a depth of over 300 mm.
Journal Article
Urban Nitrogen Biogeochemistry: Status and Processes in Green Retention Basins
Nitrogen (N) cycling has been poorly characterized in urban ecosystems. Processes involving N are of specific concern due to increasing anthropogenic inputs from fertilizer uses and fossil fuel combustion in cities. Here we report on a study of N biogeochemistry in city green retention basins and city parks in the Phoenix metropolitan area, Arizona, USA. City retention basins receive N inputs from street runoff, and along with city parks, fertilizer input from management, making these urban patches potential hot spots for biogeochemical cycling. We sampled soils from six retention basins and two non-retention city parks and measured soil organic matter (SOM) content, net N mineralization, net nitrification, denitrification potential, and intact core denitrification flux and nitrate retention. Our results showed significantly higher SOM, extractable nitrate, nitrification rates and potential denitrification rates in surface soils (0- 7.5 cm; soil that is directly affected by fertilizer N input, irrigation, and storm runoff) than in deeper soils. We also observed a distinct horizontal trend of decreasing SOM and denitrification potentials from inlet to outlet (dry well) in the retention basins. Denitrification rates, measured both as potential rates with substrate amendment ($390-1151 ng N_{2}O-Ng^{-1} soil h^{-1}$), and as intact core fluxes (3.3-57.6 mg$Nm^{-2}$d-1), were comparable to the highest rates reported in literature for other ecosystems. Management practices that affect biogeochemical processes in urban retention basins thus could affect the whole-city N cycling.
Journal Article