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result(s) for
"Reverse discrimination in employment India."
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Discrimination in Grading
We report the results of an experiment that was designed to test for discrimination in grading in India. We recruited teachers to grade exams. We randomly assigned child \"characteristics\" (age, gender, and caste) to the cover sheets of the exams to ensure that there is no relationship between these observed characteristics and the exam quality. We find that teachers give exams that are assigned to be lower caste scores that are about 0.03 to 0.08 standard deviations lower than those that are assigned to be high caste. The teachers' behavior appears consistent with statistical discrimination.
Journal Article
Caste at work: study of factors influencing attitudes toward affirmative action in India
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the relevance of caste identity in applied settings. The authors do this within the larger framework of affirmative action programs (AAPs) or “reservations” in India. The paper explores the interplay of a primordial identity like caste with the modern institutions representing equality – a context unique to India.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper reports the findings of two experimental studies collecting data using Mechanical Turk.
Findings
The first study finds that an individual hired under the AAP is perceived poorly on his/her competence and reward worthiness. The second study finds support for the influence of an individual’s conception of modern casteism and his/her caste identity as factors in shaping attitudes toward AAP.
Research limitations/implications
The paper lays the groundwork but does not explore the contours of casteism in contemporary India. Understanding of this construct as well as the impact of factors as region, education, urbanization, religion, nature of employment, etc. on caste dynamics should be considered by future research.
Practical implications
The paper uncovers some similarities between Indian and Western findings, but it also demonstrates key differences between findings related to race-based AAPs in the West and the caste-based AAP in India. This understanding will guide discourses on diversity management in under-researched countries like India. The findings can sensitize organizations to the need for addressing unconscious biases related to caste.
Social implications
The paper underscores the continuing relevance of caste in modern India and the negative perceptions of lower castes. The paper finds that individuals with an appreciation of the subtle forms of casteism are sympathetic to programs that promote social equality. In modern social contexts this nuanced operationalization of casteism can be a relevant indicator of caste dynamics.
Originality/value
This is the first empirical study to examine caste-based AAP in India in an applied study and unpacks the psychological underpinnings of the attitudes toward AAP.
Journal Article
Employment equity and employee morale at a selected public service organisation in Cape Town, South Africa
OrientationEmployment equity measures have been blamed for creating tensions in the workplace, impacting employee morale.Research purposeThis study investigated the relationship between perceptions of employment equity and employee morale and whether these differed based on self-identified race and gender.Motivation for the studyGiven the negative impact of employment equity initiatives on employee morale, it was necessary to investigate the correlation between these variables.Research approach/design and methodA quantitative research design was applied using self-administered questionnaires administered to 200 employees of a public service organisation. All questionnaires were returned; however, only 167 were usable.Main findingsSignificant correlations were observed between dimensions measuring employment equity and those measuring employee morale. Women held positive perceptions regarding the morale dimensions of management commitment and workload. White respondents viewed management commitment, professional development opportunities, respect for cultural practices and managers possessing the skills to manage a diverse workforce positively than non-whites.Practical/managerial implicationsThe findings indicate employment equity initiatives correlate with employee morale. Human resource management within organisations should manage the process through which employment equity initiatives are implemented, taking cognisance of the impact on employee morale.Contribution/value-addThis study contributes academically and practically. Academically, this study adds to the existing literature within the field of human resource management. There is a plethora of literature on employment equity; however, this study focuses on the impact it has on employee morale specifically for the public service organisation. This study thus fills the gap in literature about employment equity and employee morale.
Journal Article
Policy of Preference: Lessons from India, the United States, and South Africa
Has the sanguine public policy of preference turned out to be a political soccer game? Has it been a victim of ideological fights? Can it undo the past? In India, it has become a tool of competitive populism. In the United States, it has been subjected to the ideological positioning of the Supreme Court and with all types of backlash, the policy appears to be in the doldrums. In South Africa, it is turned on its head with the majority enjoying preference resulting in the flight of the minority \"white tribe.\" Given all the tribulations, can altruism be rescued from politics?
Journal Article
Politics & Economics: Reversal of Fortune Isolates India's Brahmins
In his home village, his caste's mark brought him respect, but since he moved to Chennai, a sprawling high-tech city in the southern state of Tamil Nadu, in the late 1990s, he has found his status a liability.
Newspaper Article
A VOLATILE DEMOCRACY
Right-wing election victories in India have shaken the political order and economic reform
Magazine Article