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Good lubrication of bearings is critical to the stable operation of high-pressure roller mills. Currently, grease lubrication is commonly used in high-pressure roller mills, which may lead to roller shaft fracture. To address this issue, a novel thin oil lubrication system for the main bearings of high-pressure roller mills is designed in this paper. Key parameters, including lubricating oil specifications, bearing heat generation, lubricating pump flow rate, oil tank volume, system pressure, and temperature, are determined. Subsequently, the working principle of the lubrication system is elaborated, and finally, the rationality of the system design is verified through practical application.

The article describes principles of using the information measuring system that controls a roller machine. The main indicators of efficiency of a roller machine is performance and product quality. A mechanism for feeding the roller mill is crucial when grinding grain. Automatic regulation of technical parameters of the feeding mechanism of roller machines is advisable: at low peripheral speed rates (up to 2.4-2.8 m/s) - by changing the number of revolutions of feeding rollers or the gap value; at high peripheral speed rates (2.4-2.8 m/s) - by changing the values.

The conditions for obtaining composite fuel “coal-pine sawdust” on a semi-industrial roller mill RM-20 were selected: the rotor speed was varied from 10 (300 rpm) to 40 Hz (1200 rpm). The ignition of the obtained samples was studied, and the optimal composition of the composite was determined.

As the core equipment of mineral processing, roller surface wear of mine roller mills directly affects production efficiency and maintenance costs. Therefore, accurately predicting the remaining life of the roller surface is of significant importance. This paper builds a combined LSTM-Transformer model based on the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, which introduces the parallel processing capability of the Transformer while maintaining LSTM’s ability to capture long-term dependencies. LSTM-Transformer has high efficiency in processing large-scale data and can capture both long-term and short-term dependencies simultaneously, which has a good effect on the prediction of roll surface remaining life. Through the experiment on the roller mill data of CITIC Heavy Industries, the predicted remaining life results are consistent with the actual remaining life data of the roller mill. The mean absolute error (MAE), mean square error (MSE), and root mean square error (RMSE) are 0.0053, 0.0001, and 0.0072. Compared with convolutional neural network (CNN), LSTM, and single Transformer, MSE decreased by 88.9%, 66.67%, and 98.59% respectively, RMSE decreased by 77.0%, 62.50%, and 91.46% respectively, and MAE decreased by 78.97%, 65.13%, and 92.50% respectively. The experiment verified the effectiveness of the proposed method in predicting the remaining life of the roller surface in roller mills.

EPDM/hemp fiber composites with fiber loading of 0–20 phr were prepared by the blending technique on a laboratory electrically heated roller mill. Test specimens were obtained by vulcanization using a laboratory hydraulic press. The elastomer crosslinking and the chemical modification of the hemp fiber surface were achieved by a radical reaction mechanism initiated by di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene. The influence of the fiber loading on the mechanical properties, gel fraction, swelling ratio and crosslink degree was investigated. The gel fraction, crosslink density and rubber–hemp fiber interaction were evaluated based on equilibrium solvent-swelling measurements using the Flory–Rehner relation and Kraus and Lorenz–Park equations. The morphology of the EPDM/hemp fiber composites was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The water absorption increases as the hemp fiber loading increases.

In this research, the effect of different milling processes on pulse quality parameters has been investigated. Chickpea and navy bean seeds were milled using a laboratory-scale roller mill with four different streams: middling 1, middling 2 and 3, break, and straight grade (SG) flours and a Ferkar mill. The effect of mill type on particle size of chickpea flours was different from navy bean flours. The smallest particle size (30 µm) was determined in Ferkar-milled chickpea flour. The highest starch and lowest protein contents were found in break flours independent of pulse type. The highest starch damage was also observed in break flours. Oil absorption capacities of Ferkar flours were higher than roller-milled streams, whereas middling 2 and 3 flours had higher oil emulsion capacities. Foaming stability of flours decreased over time; however, roller-milled streams showed higher foam stabilities than Ferkar-milled flours from navy bean. The highest pasting viscosities were found in break flours of both pulses. Mill type did not change the rapidly digestible starch. However, the highest slowly digestible starch contents were determined in Ferkar-milled flour for all pulse types. Resistant starch of chickpea and navy bean flours ranged from 14–22% to 16–28%, respectively. No significant difference was observed for any of the pulse flours on protein digestibility or quality. The findings may provide a better understanding of functional and nutritional properties of chickpea and navy bean flours produced by different milling processes and their suitability to create different food formulations.

Predominately Angus steers (n = 240, initial shrunk BW 404 ± 18.5 kg) were used in a 117d feedlot experiment to evaluate the effect of hybrid rye (KWS Cereals USA, LLC, Champaign, IL; Rye) as a replacement for dry-rolled corn (DRC) on growth performance, carcass traits, and comparative net energy value in diets fed to finishing steers. Rye from a single hybrid (KWS Bono) with an ergot alkaloid concentration of 392 ppb was processed with a roller mill to a processing index (PI) of 78.8 ± 2.29. Four treatments were used in a completely randomized design (n = 6 pens/treatment, 10 steers/pen) where DRC (PI = 86.9 ± 4.19) was replaced by varying proportions of Rye [DRC:Rye, DM Basis (60:0), (40:20), (20:40), and (0:60)]. Liver abscess scores and carcass characteristics were collected at the harvest facility. Carcassadjusted performance was calculated from HCW/0.625. Performance-adjusted NE was calculated using carcassadjusted ADG, DMI, and mean equivalent shrunk BW with the comparative NE values for Rye calculated using the replacement technique. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure with pen as the experimental unit. Means were separated using linear and quadratic contrasts. Replacing DRC with Rye linearly decreased (P ≤ 0.01) carcass-adjusted final BW, ADG, DMI and G:F. Feeding Rye linearly decreased HCW and LM area (P ≤ 0.04). Distributions of liver scores and USDA grades for quality and yield were unaffected by treatment (P ≥ 0.09). Using observed performance from d 19 to d 117 (period when steers were on final diet), the estimated replacement NEm and NEg values for Rye were 1.93 and 1.26 Mcal/kg, respectively. Rye can be a suitable feed ingredient in finishing diets for feedlot steers with the optimal inclusion in this experiment at 20% of DM. Complete replacement of DRC with Rye depressed DMI, ADG, and G:F.

Stereolithography-based additive manufacturing (AM) makes it possible to realize high-quality ceramic parts with various shapes. However, preparation of ceramic slurry with high solid loading, low viscosity, long-term stability, and desirable cure depth for stereolithography is still challenging. In this paper, research is carried out for revealing the effects of dispersant, solid loading, and mixing method on the stability and viscosity of the slurry. Under optimized conditions, a highly stable yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramic slurry with high solid loading (45 vol.%) was prepared by grinding with a three-roller mill. With layer thickness of 30 μm and exposure dose of 10 mJ/cm 2 (10 mW/cm 2 for 1 s), ceramic green bodies with complex shape were successfully fabricated. After sintering, the final ceramic parts showed well-defined shapes with high level of densification. Graphical Abstract In this work, 3Y-TZP ceramic slurry was successfully prepared by the modified powders via dispersant and grinding and dispersing with a three-roller mill. Finally, ceramic parts with complex shape and excellent performance were achieved.

Vertical roller mills are essential for energy-intensive grinding in cement, minerals, and metallurgy industries, consuming up to 50% of plant electricity and frequently experiencing operational instabilities (including excessive vibration and main motor current fluctuations) that drive unplanned downtime, increased wear, and reduced throughput. Despite their importance, real-time autonomous optimization remains challenging due to the nonlinear interactions among grinding pressure, feed rate, separator speed, and aerodynamic factors, which limit traditional control strategies under varying loads. This paper presents a real-time operational optimization system for large-scale vertical roller mills using big industrial data and artificial intelligence (AI). From a 5400 kW Loesche LM56.4 mill, 2,764,800 samples were collected at 1 Hz over 32 days of continuous production. A systematic pipeline was developed: quartile-based outlier-robust cleaning; domain-informed feature engineering including Total Current; Random Forest (RF) permutation importance selection of the top 15 parameters; and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) regression models with hyperparameters tuned by Tree-structured Parzen Estimator (TPE) Bayesian optimization. The resulting models achieved strong predictive performance, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 1.3% (95% CI: 1.1%–1.5%) for main motor current (R2 = 0.9997) and 5.8% (95% CI: 5.3%–6.3%) for shell vibration (R2 = 0.9717), representing reductions of 89% and 59%, respectively, relative to the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) baseline. These surrogates were embedded into a tabular Q-learning Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent that autonomously adjusts feed rate, grinding pressure, separator speed, and exhaust damper position via a discrete action space and multi-objective reward function, communicating with the Distributed Control System (DCS) via Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture (OPC-UA). Closed-loop evaluation yielded simultaneous reductions of 6.0% in peak current (181.92 → 170.04 A) and 9.4% in peak vibration (5.51 → 4.99 mm/s) while maintaining throughput. A PyQt5-based graphical interface enabling real-time monitoring, predictive alerts, and automatic DCS write-back was deployed and operated stably for two weeks.

Macro-defect-free (MDF) cement composites are high-strength materials produced by applying high shear to cement-polymer pastes, using twin roller mill under moderate pressure and temperature. However, sensitivity toward moisture, specifically degradation of strength on water exposure, is a serious problem associated with MDF cement composites. To address this issue, a novel formulation of Portland cement-based MDF cement composites with addition of potassium methyl siliconate (PMS)–hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) copolymer and pulverized fly ash (PFA) is presented. The experimental program involves preparation of first, HPMC/PMS copolymer using magnetic stirrer and then mixing it with cement and PFA to make MDF composites. PMS proportion varies from 0 to 4% in steps of 1%, while 30% PFA was added as cement replacement. Control mix contained 100% cement without PFA and PMS polymer. MDF composite sheets were prepared through twin roller mill and then characterized using FTIR, TGA/DTG and SEM. Flexural strength of MDF composites sheets were estimated by three-point loading test with 1 mm min−1. loading ramp. Results revealed that PFA/PMS addition have beneficial effects on the flexural strength, temperature and water resistance characteristics of MDF cement composites. FTIR spectroscopy showed the formation of new peaks related to Si–O–Si and Si–CH3 stretching. PFA/PMS-based MDF composite specimen showed comparatively higher quantity of calcium silicate hydrate gel and lower calcium hydroxide content which resulted in denser microstructure. Inclusion of 30% PFA and 3% PMS in MDF cement matrix produced composites with 52% improved flexural strength and 80.3% water resistant properties as compared to reference MDF mix at 28 days.Graphical abstract