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Type of the article: Research Article AbstractDigital transformation has become a strategic priority for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), yet its business effects remain uneven because digital adoption does not always translate into sustained organizational gains. This study examines whether digital readiness conditions and technology acceptance beliefs help Indonesian MSMEs convert digitalization into organizational performance and competitiveness through routinized digital technology use. The study uses primary survey data collected in Indonesia between January and June 2025 from 404 MSME owners and managers, and analyzes these data using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that organizational readiness positively influences routinized digital technology use (β = 0.425, p < 0.001), while perceived usefulness is the strongest direct predictor of routinized use (β = 0.807, p < 0.001). Perceived ease of use significantly increases perceived usefulness (β = 0.688, p < 0.001). By contrast, technological readiness (β = 0.051, p = 0.095) and environmental readiness (β = –0.014, p = 0.649) do not have significant direct effects on routinized use. Routinized digital technology use positively affects organizational performance (β = 0.680, p < 0.001) and competitiveness (β = 0.672, p < 0.001), while organizational performance also strengthens competitiveness (β = 0.133, p = 0.023). These findings indicate that MSME digital transformation creates greater business value when digital tools become embedded in recurring work routines rather than remaining at the level of access or initial adoption. AcknowledgmentThis article was funded by the Indonesian Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP), Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia, through the EQUITY WCU (Enhancing Quality Education for International University Recognition – World Class University) program, Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology, administered by Universitas Terbuka. We also thank all participating MSME respondents for their time and insights. Ethical approval was obtained from the relevant institutional committee, and all participants provided informed consent. We gratefully acknowledge the use of ChatGPT (OpenAI, 2025 version) to support language refinement and grammar improvement during manuscript preparation. The tool was used exclusively for copy-editing to enhance linguistic clarity and readability. No part of the research design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of results, or substantive content was generated by AI. We take full responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the work.

Background Understanding sustainability is one of the significant implementation science challenges. One of the big challenges in researching sustainability is the lack of consistent definitions in the literature. Most implementation studies do not present a definition of sustainability, even when assessing sustainability. The aim of the current study was to systematically develop a comprehensive definition of sustainability based on definitions already used in the literature. Methods We searched for knowledge syntheses of sustainability and abstracted sustainability definitions from the articles identified through any relevant systematic and scoping reviews. The constructs in the abstracted sustainability definitions were mapped to an existing definition. The comprehensive definition of sustainability was revised to include emerging constructs. Results We identified four knowledge syntheses of sustainability, which identified 209 original articles. Of the 209 articles, 24 (11.5%) included a definition of sustainability. These definitions were mapped to three constructs from an existing definition, and nine new constructs emerged. We reviewed all constructs and created a revised definition: (1) after a defined period of time, (2) a program, clinical intervention, and/or implementation strategies continue to be delivered and/or (3) individual behavior change (i.e., clinician, patient) is maintained; (4) the program and individual behavior change may evolve or adapt while (5) continuing to produce benefits for individuals/systems. All 24 definitions were remapped to the comprehensive definition (percent agreement among three coders was 94%). Of the 24 definitions, 17 described the continued delivery of a program (70.8%), 17 mentioned continued outcomes (70.8%), 13 mentioned time (54.2%), 8 addressed the individual maintenance of a behavior change (33.3%), and 6 described the evolution or adaptation (25.0%). Conclusions We drew from over 200 studies to identify 24 existing definitions of sustainability. Based on these definitions, we identified five key sustainability constructs, which can be used as the basis for future research on sustainability. Our next step is to identify sustainability frameworks and develop a meta-framework using a concept mapping approach to consolidate the factors and considerations across sustainability frameworks.

PurposeThis study conceptualizes the digital transformation (DT) strategy in a supply chain context, identifies its drivers from intra- and inter-organizational perspectives and examines the effect of the DT strategy on the strategic agility and financial performance of Chinese manufacturing firms.Design/methodology/approachThe authors constructed a theoretical model by synthesizing the diffusion of innovation and organizational information processing theory (OIPT) and provided a set of hypotheses. The authors empirically tested the arguments using partial least squares structural equation modeling using data from a sample of 200 manufacturing firms in China.FindingsThe findings indicate that while supply chain connectivity positively affects DT adoption and DT routinization, data analytics capability and organizational learning positively influence DT adoption but not DT routinization. The mediation analysis also shows that DT strategy has significant direct effects on financial performance and a stronger indirect influence on financial performance via improved strategic agility.Research limitations/implicationsThis study responds to repeated calls for a new understanding of supply chain DT strategy. In addition, the study offers important contributions to the literature by identifying the potential discord between the existing DT strategy and the supply chain context and proposes a new framework that provides essential theoretical underpinnings.Originality/valueThis study enriches the literature by conceptualizing and validating the dimensions, driving factors and performance implications of DT strategy in strategic supply chain management.

Understanding the processes by which practices become routinely embedded in everyday life is a long-standing concern of sociology and the other social sciences. It has important applied relevance in understanding and evaluating the implementation of material practices across a range of settings. This article sets out a theory of normalization processes that proposes a working model of implementation, embedding and integration in conditions marked by complexity and emergence. The theory focuses on the work of embedding and of sustaining practices within interaction chains, and helps in understanding why some processes seem to lead to a practice becoming normalized while others do not.

Background Sustaining health promotion programs (HPP) is critical to maintain their intended health benefits, community capacity, and to optimize resources and investment. However, not all programs are sustained beyond their initial implementation period. This is partly due to uncertainty regarding sustainability: lack of a clear definition; infrequent use of a sustainability framework; and lack of understanding of the factors that influence sustainability. The aim of this systematic review is to identify barriers and facilitators that promote or inhibit the sustainability of HPP, particularly those that can be considered in program planning. Methods Two search strategies were used: 1) electronic database searching; and 2) grey literature searching. Inclusion criteria included papers published since 1998, in English, focusing on the sustainability of HPP that explicitly used a sustainability framework and specifically reported on facilitators and barriers to sustainability. Exclusion criteria included papers that addressed environmental, system or sector sustainability. Quality assessment was conducted on all included papers and a quality assessment tool was developed for grey literature. Data analysis included a thematic analysis, using an a priori framework to initially code barriers and facilitators, which were then grouped into factors for HPP sustainability. Factors were then analyzed for frequency, importance, and relevance, and categorized into one of three tiers. Results Sixteen papers were included in this review. Eleven definitions of sustainability and 13 sustainability frameworks were used. A total of 83 barriers and 191 facilitators were identified and categorized into 14 factors: nine from the a priori framework, and five additional ones based on the results of our analysis. Tier 1 factors were the most important for sustainability with organizational capacity scoring the highest; tier 3, the least important. Conclusion This review provides clarity regarding existing definitions of sustainability and sustainability frameworks. It identifies fourteen factors that influence program sustainability, which practitioners can consider when planning, developing and implementing HPP. In addition, it is important for practitioners to clearly articulate program elements that should be sustained, define sustainability as it relates to the context of their program, select a sustainability framework to guide their work, and consider these factors for sustainability.

The main ideological framework for Russia’s current political regime and its war against Ukraine is flexible and dynamic. This article tries to pin it down, identifying some common denominators in what seem to be torrents of messages and metaphors. It also draws parallels with past ideologies. In the second part, the article analyses four groups of Russians who either support or reject Russia’s war against Ukraine and mainstream ideology. It demonstrates the dynamics of changes in the wake of the war’s routinization.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities have become increasingly prevalent in retail settings. In franchised organizations, franchisors typically design and coordinate these activities, leaving operational execution to franchisees. Meanwhile, franchisors may introduce new corporate-led CSR activities over time. Even though changes to CSR activities may refocus outlets’ attention on a CSR initiative, they may also disrupt an outlet’s ongoing CSR routines. Using a longitudinal, secondary dataset consisting of an eight-year panel for a national, franchised restaurant chain, we examine CSR performance dynamics in the presence of two distinct types of CSR activities: an ongoing CSR routine and a distinct, temporary CSR campaign. We find that, when resuming the CSR routine after a temporary CSR campaign, outlets’ performance in CSR routines drops significantly (i.e., immediate decay), then improves gradually (i.e., protracted recovery). We also consider the moderating role of an outlet’s experience, finding that experience stabilizes these decay and recovery cycles. Our findings represent a first step in developing a longitudinal understanding of how a firm’s short-term CSR campaigns may impact ongoing CSR routines, thus contributing to the knowledge of CSR activity development and routinization.

Background There is growing recognition among healthcare professionals that the sustainability of evidence-based practices (EBPs) within different settings is variable and suboptimal. Understanding why a particular EBP might be sustained in one setting and not another remains unclear. Recent reviews illustrate the need to identify and analyze existing frameworks/models/theories (F/M/Ts) that focus solely on the sustainability of EBPs in specific healthcare settings, such as acute care, to illuminate key determinants and facilitate appropriate selection to guide practice and research. Methods We conducted a systematic review to extract sustainability frameworks. This involved using two available syntheses of the literature and a systematic search of four databases from January 2015 to July 2018: CINHAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and ProQuest. We included studies published in English, and if they included sustainability F/M/Ts recommended for use in acute care or an unspecified healthcare organization/setting. F/M/Ts explicitly recommended for use in public health and or community settings were excluded. We then conducted a comparative analysis of F/M/Ts using a modified theory analysis approach, to understand the theoretical underpinnings of each F/M/T, their determinants and concepts hypothesized to influence the sustained use of EBPs within an acute care context. Results Of 2967 identified citations from the 2 available syntheses and the systematic review, 8 F/M/Ts met the inclusion criteria. We identified 37 core factors, of which 16 were recorded as common factors (occurring within 4 or more of the 8 included F/M/Ts). All factors grouped into 7 main themes: innovation, adopters, leadership and management, inner context, inner processes, outer context, and outcomes. Conclusions This systematic review is the first to include a comprehensive analysis of healthcare sustainability F/M/Ts for the sustained use of EBPs in acute care settings. Findings reveal insights into sustainability as a “process or ongoing stage of use” following initial implementation, suggesting this construct should be added to the definition of sustainability. Results provide a resource of available F/M/Ts and hypothesized factors to consider for acute care team members who are planning or currently implementing EBPs with the goal of improving patient outcomes. It also provides a basis for future research on sustainability in acute care.

Background For Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination to be delivered effectively, countries must transition from campaign-based introduction to integration within the routine immunization schedule. While existing literature provides insights into the effectiveness of HPV campaigns and barriers to initial vaccine acceptance, there is a dearth of stakeholder-informed implementation research around the transition from campaign to routine delivery. This study aimed to explore the experiences and perspectives of key stakeholders involved in the HPV vaccine campaign in Nigeria to generate stakeholder-driven recommendations for the effective and sustainable integration of the vaccine into the country’s routine immunization schedule and strengthen national capacity for introducing and sustaining future new vaccines. Methods This study adopted a qualitative, exploratory research design. The research was conducted across nine Nigerian states, representing five of the six geopolitical zones. Participants were purposively sampled, encompassing 140 stakeholders (30 Key Informant Interviews, 110 In-depth Interviews). Data were collected using semi-structured interview guides, audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and thematically analysed. Results Stakeholder recommendations emphasize that effectively integrating the HPV vaccine into routine immunization in Nigeria demands a multi-pronged strategy. This includes comprehensive strategies for awareness, engagement, and mobilization; continuous workforce training and motivation; robust data systems and reporting; effective management of misinformation; and intensification campaign. Additionally, early and thorough planning, fostering government ownership, optimizing operational logistics, ensuring consistent funding, and maintaining vaccine availability are critical. These insights provide valuable, transferable lessons for the introduction and sustained implementation of future vaccines. Conclusion The transition of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine from a campaign-driven approach to routine immunization in Nigeria represents a critical juncture, offering both significant challenges and unparalleled opportunities to strengthen the national health system. Policy priorities should include institutionalizing periodic intensification programs, strengthening community engagement, standardizing immunization data systems, securing sustainable financing, and enhancing primary healthcare infrastructure. By addressing these priorities, Nigeria can achieve equitable HPV vaccine coverage and strengthen its capacity for future vaccine initiatives, ensuring a lasting public health impact. Clinical trial number Not applicable.

PurposeIn the field of business, digital transformation is the integration of digital technology into all areas of business, from generating to deliver value to customers. This concept is essential for sustainable growth of a company and its overall economy. Based on this fact, this authentic and informative research is conducted whose major aim is to examine the importance of digital transformation within a business through big data, the Internet of things and blockchain-based capabilities for overall strategic performance within the telecom sector in China.Design/methodology/approachFor that aim, data quality and technology competence are considered as independent variables, strategic performance as dependent variable and big data analytics capabilities, Internet of things capabilities and blockchain capabilities routinization acted as mediators within this paper. In its data collection mechanism, an online survey was conducted in which questionnaires are randomly distributed to the telecom sector's professionals in which only 343 of them gave their valid outcomes. After collecting primary data, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM)–based statistical outcomes have been generated.FindingsResults indicate that there is a significant relationship between data quality and strategic performance and between technological competence and strategic performance. Also, the big data analytics and Internet of Things capabilities acted as significant mediating role between both independent and dependent variables. But blockchain capabilities routinization is that variable that acts as an insignificant mediator between independent and dependent variables' relationship.Originality/valueOverall, this study is an informative and attractive source for the Chinese government, its telecom industry, administrative body and related ones to understand the importance of such IT capabilities' implications within their operating activities for their strategic performance management. Also, related field scholars can utilize its reliable data in their research analysis. Its major limitations are (1) lack of qualitative/ mixed method of research and (2) lack of comparative analysis that may impact the acceptability factor of this paper, and this weakness can be overcome by upcoming scholars in their research.